Wufeng mountain

Wufeng mountain

Wufeng mountain is named after its five peaks. Located in Wufengshan Town, 15.5km southeast of Changqing District, Jinan City, Shandong Province. Wufeng mountain was connected with taidai, and Dongzhen temple was built here in Jin and Yuan Dynasties. Later, it was called "three mountains" together with Taishan Mountain and Lingyan mountain. Wufeng mountain is the forestry base and medicine producing area of Changqing District. There are many buildings on the mountain, such as the dongzhenguan site built in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties. Become a famous history browsing area. The site of Wufengshan ancient architectural complex is a municipal cultural relic protection unit.

In January 1993, the Forestry Department of Shandong Province approved the establishment of Wufengshan Provincial Forest Park in Jinan on the basis of the former state-owned Wufengshan forest farm.

Location context

Wufeng mountain is named for its five peaks: Qunxian, Zhixian, Huixian, Wangxian and Juxian (also known as Yingxian). Located in Wufengshan Town, 15.5km southeast of Changqing District, Jinan City, Shandong Province.

Main peaks

Wufeng mountain, a branch of Mount Tai, has five peaks in a semicircle. From west to East, they are Juxian (Yingxian), Wangxian, Huixian, Zhixian and qunxianfeng. The five peaks are staggered, the clouds are around the peaks, the springs are out of the stone, the environmental protection is in the shade of green trees, the palace, the temple, the pavilion and the terrace are set off each other, and the scenery is excellent. The main peak, 395 meters above sea level, is located in the east of Shiwo village, Wufengshan Township, 20 kilometers southeast of the county.

geographical environment

climate

Wufengshan area is a warm temperate continental semi humid monsoon climate with obvious four seasons. The temperature rises rapidly in spring, the North-South wind is strong, and the rainfall is small, accounting for only 14% of the whole year, and the evaporation is large, so it is often dry. It is hot and rainy in summer, and the rainfall accounts for 64% of the whole year. The average temperature of each month in summer is above 25 ℃, and the highest temperature is in July, with the average annual temperature of 26.9 ℃. The sky is clear in autumn However, 30% of the years have drought in autumn, and some years have continuous rain or waterlogging in autumn; winter is long, cold, with little rain and snow, lasting for four and a half months. The average temperature dropped to below 10 ℃ in the middle of November and rose to above 10 ℃ in the late March of next year. The temperature in January is the lowest, and the monthly average temperature is minus 2 ℃. The annual average temperature is 13.7 ℃, and the annual average temperature ranges from 12.8 ℃ to 14.3 ℃. The annual frost free period is 215 days, the average annual precipitation is 628.2 mm, the average annual relative humidity is 62%, the average annual evaporation is 2257.6 mm, and the average annual sunshine hours is 2598.5 hours.

geology

In the regional geological structure, Wufengshan is located at the edge of Taishan uplift, with developed faults and gentle folds. The strata in the county are monoclinic. The dip angle of the strata is less than 10 degrees. From south to north, there are metamorphic rocks of Taishan Group, Cambrian limestone and shale, Ordovician limestone. From the Piedmont to the Yellow River, there are Quaternary gravel layer and various soil types, and the thickness increases gradually from east to west.

The strata are mainly composed of Archean Taishan Group metamorphic rocks and Cambrian limestone. The Archean Taishan Group metamorphic rocks are exposed in the sandstone mountainous area of Changqing District. It is mainly distributed in the south of Wande Town, Wujiazhuang Town, Wufengshan town and Mashan Town, the southeast of Shuangquan town and the southwest of Zhangxia Town, covering an area of 422.6 square kilometers, accounting for 36% of the total area of the county. The first stage of Cambrian limestone outcropping is qingshishan area in Changqing District. It is mainly distributed in the northeast of Wande Town, the north of Wufengshan town and Mashan Township, the west of Shuangquan Township and part of Zhangxia Town, covering an area of 313.79 square kilometers, accounting for 26.5% of the total area.

natural resources

forest

Wufengshan forest farm, covering an area of 2662 mu, is located 20 km southeast of Changqing District. In 1931, the Ministry of agriculture and Commerce set up a forestry experimental farm here, which was later renamed the forestry farm of the Ministry of industry. After the July 7th incident, the forest in the mountain farm was destroyed by the war. When the Qing Dynasty was liberated in 1948, Lin Xiang was in a state of disrepair. Taili forest farm was established in September 1948, and Wufengshan forest farm became a branch of Taili forest farm. In 1952, the forest farm was put under the management of Changqing District, and was named Wufengshan forest farm of state-owned Changqing District. The measured area of the forest farm is 2662 mu. The main forest species is Platycladus orientalis.

medicinal materials

Wufeng mountain area is rich in mineral medicinal materials and animal and plant medicinal materials. The rhizome of Trichosanthes kirilowii, which is produced in Wufeng mountain, is a genuine medicinal material of Changqing. It is famous all over the country, with the highest annual output of 460000 kg. The yield of Wufengshan forest farm is the highest, which is the seed kernel of Platycladus orientalis. Salvia miltiorrhiza: the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza (Salvia miltiorrhiza) in Salvia. Wufeng mountain has the highest yield, mostly in the wild, but also a small amount of domestic production, with the highest annual yield of 5000 kg, ranking first in the province in terms of yield and quality. Qumai (also known as Dianthus caryophyllus) is produced on the sunny slope of Wufeng mountain, with the highest annual yield of 7500 kg.

Cultural relics

Wufeng mountain has a long cultural history, including eight sceneries inside and outside the mountain. The eight scenic spots in the mountain are Xianrentai, Qixing spring, Yingxian bridge, gengji bridge, Wuying temple, qinglongyu, baihuyu and Qingling spring. The eight sceneries outside the mountain are Qingya Jicui, Runyu Qifeng, Mingquan zaozhao, Fengshan Yanyu, gunsu Chaoxia, Yutai diaoyue, Xingdi Chunxiao and Xueling Muqiao. Wufeng mountain has had Buddhist activities since the northern and Southern Dynasties. Since the Jin and Yuan Dynasties, it has become a Taoist temple and one of the holy places of Taoism. Since ancient times, it has been a place for hermits to live in seclusion and for people to visit.

The site of Wufengshan ancient architectural complex covers an area of 1.87 million square meters. The temple is mostly built in the North view. The backyard is northward with stone steps up to grade 91 and a platform. The buildings in the temple are: Bixia palace, Zhenwu palace, Sanyuan palace, Yuhuang palace, Longshen palace, etc., most of which were destroyed in the Qing Dynasty. On September 3, 1979, the Wufengshan ancient building complex was approved as a key cultural relic protection unit at the municipal level by the economic revolution Committee of Nanshi.

Yitianmen is located at yukou, where there is a stone road. At the beginning of the road, two cliffs stand side by side, like a pass. In the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty, Shi Qifeng, a disciple of Taoist Zhou Yunqing, once built "Guangsheng hall", "Fumo Palace" and other temples here, and built a door with huge stones, which is called "yitianmen", and built a pavilion on the door, which is called "Yingen Pavilion". It was rebuilt in 1654. Today, the gate is still there, but the pavilion no longer exists.

Dongzhenguan, a Shenxu palace, is commonly known as Da'an. Located in the five peak mountain, Shanyang Zhi Xian Feng, it is the main building of the whole mountain. It has three yuan hall, Zhenwu temple, jade palace, three Qing palace, nine lotus hall and Lu Zu temple. According to the records of Wufeng mountain, Dongzhen temple was founded in the reign of emperor Zong Taihe of Jin Zhang (1201-1208). It was built by Qiu Zhi, a Taoist of Quanzhen religion. Wang Zhishen, Li Zhiqing and others added and expanded the temple. It was named "Dongzhen Temple" in the reign of Emperor Xuanzong Zhenyou of Jin (1213-1217). Dongzhen temple was expanded in Yuan Dynasty and Ming Dynasty, and it was called "the palace of protecting the country and protecting the spirit". During the Wanli period of the Ming Dynasty, Zhu Xujun, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty, ordered Zhou Yunqing, the Yellow crown, to set up a mountain and rebuild it, "creating a palace with lofty buildings and magnificent splendors, which is known as extremely prosperous.".

In order to honor his mother, Empress Dowager Li, Zhu Xujun built a luxurious nine lotus hall, and made the Empress Dowager the nine lotus Bodhisattva. In the 27th year of Wanli (1599), Zhou XuanZhen (i.e. Zhou Yunqing), a Quanzhen Taoist, was sent to engrave 480 letters of the complete scriptures of daozang here. The dongzhenguan temple was changed into "Baoguo Longshou Palace" and Longshou stone square was built. On the mountainside of wangxianfeng, there is still the site of Qingdi palace. Qingdi is one of the five emperors worshipped by Taoism. It lives in the East and dominates spring. It is also called "cangdi" and "Chundi". At this time, the Taoist activities here were unprecedentedly prosperous, and the temples were magnificent. The ancient cypresses are towering and green. There is an ancient ginkgo tree, 6.5 meters around the waist and about 30 meters high, which should be planted at the beginning of Jianguan.

There are many ancient steles in Dongzhen temple. Among them, the earliest one is the one in front of Sanyuan temple, which recorded that the ritual Department of Jin Shizong (wanyanyong) gave the Wanshou courtyard a memorial tablet in 1162, the second year of Dading. In addition, on the west wall in front of the Jade Emperor hall, there is a stone carving of "the story of the empty palace in the golden cave" written by Yuan Haowen and written by Wang Wanqing in 1248. Yuan Haowen (1190-1257) was named Yuzhi and Yishan. He was born in Xiurong, Taiyuan (now Xinxian County, Shanxi Province). He was an official of Jin Dynasty. He once served as a member of the left Secretary of Shangshu Province, wailang, etc. In 1235, the second year after the death of Jin Dynasty, he traveled to Jinan and wrote a trip to Jinan, which had many poems about the mountains and rivers of Jinan.

Gengji bridge, into the Tianmen, along the newly built Road eastbound, will enter the "fairyland.". The spring is gurgling, the birds are singing and the pines are surging. When the road is covered, it is still dim in the day. In the north of the road, there is a stream and a bridge on the stream, which is called gengji bridge (also known as Jinji bridge). Legend has it that there is a big stone under the bridge, which contains a golden rooster. It is called "Golden Rooster stone". The golden rooster crows in the middle of the night. Later, some curious people split the big stone to look for the golden rooster, but they got nothing. Since then, a cave named "Golden Rooster nest" appeared on the cliff to the north of the bridge. The Golden Rooster flew off the bridge to live in the "Golden Rooster nest". Now there is only a piece of gravel left under the bridge, and no one can hear the cry of the golden rooster.

The gate of the Imperial Palace, also known as the wooden archway, has entered Wufeng mountain, the holy land of Taoism. The wooden archway is built on the stone platform with four columns and three doors. Its base was built in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties. There are eight lying lions carved on the base, both facing each other, each with its own modality. The top of the archway is made of wood. It was built in the Wanli period of Ming Dynasty in 199

Chinese PinYin : Wu Feng Shan