Tianzhu of the Tang Dynasty

Tianzhu of the Tang Dynasty

The inscription of Tianzhu in the great Tang Dynasty is the inscription of Emperor Gaozong in the Tang Dynasty. Found on the northern cliff of Jilong County, Xigaze Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region, the local people call it avagaying cliff inscription.

Brief introduction to inscriptions

The inscriptions in the period of Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty are known locally as the inscriptions on the cliffs of avagaying.

historical origin

It is located on the northern cliff of Jilong County, Xigaze Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region. The cliff is about 1.5 meters wide, covered by a cliff shed and surrounded by a canal at the foot of the cliff. The cliff is about 5 meters away from the earth's surface. The inscription is engraved in the shade, with a width of 81.5 cm and a residual height of 53 cm. The lower part of the inscription has been destroyed. Each box is about 4 cm high and 3.5 cm wide. The font is regular script, about 2 cm square. There are 24 columns, about 311 characters. The inscription is Li Zhuan, which is about 5cm square. It is written with 7 characters of "Tianzhu Shi Chu Ming of the Tang Dynasty".

Many of the inscriptions have been blurred due to years of weathering and serious erosion. However, judging from the inscriptions and the year number of "the third year of Xianqing in the Tang Dynasty", they are inscriptions of the third year of Xianqing in the Tang Dynasty (658). The article describes the process of Wang xuance's mission to Tianzhu (today's India) through Jilong.

Great significance

This precious inscription is of great significance and value to the further study of the ancient Tang and Tibetan, Sino foreign relations and other issues. On June 25, 2001, as an ancient building in 658 ad, Tianzhu's inscription of the Tang Dynasty was approved by the State Council as a national key cultural relic protection unit.

Cultural relics protection

Many of the inscriptions have been blurred due to years of weathering and serious erosion. However, judging from the inscriptions and the year number of "the third year of Xianqing in the Tang Dynasty", they are inscriptions of the third year of Xianqing in the Tang Dynasty (658). The article describes the process of Wang xuance's mission to Tianzhu (today's India) through Jilong.

This precious inscription is of great significance and value to the further study of the ancient Tang and Tibetan, Sino foreign relations and other issues. On June 25, 2001, as an ancient building in 658 ad, Tianzhu's inscription of the Tang Dynasty was approved by the State Council as a national key cultural relic protection unit.

Contents of inscriptions

Now the remaining words of the inscription are copied as follows (the number in front is the number of lines, and the words are missing): 1 recorder Liu Jiabin, the recorder of the inscription (below)

He Shouyi (Part Two)

In June of the third year of 3D Xianqing

4 Shengkou Yiye Chongguang Xuanhua method in Wukong

Five square doughs, three to five square doughs (below)

6 mouths and heel The kingdom of heaven comes from the wind

7. Over the mountain and sea (Transportation) (AID) * body poison near (lower disability)

The Emperor It's a dream What do you think Nianru (Part 2)

Shiwang xuancexuan, commander of zuoxiaowei, 9 big mouth (Part 2)

Liu Renkai chooses six children of good families in the pass (lower remnant)

11 chaos of the square mouth edge of the art then out (next remnant)

12 voices over the snow mountain, pointing to the vulture mountain and catching the birds (Part 2)

In the summer and may of 2013, Qu Yu was in the west of Xiaoyang tongzhi (Part 2)

At 14:00, Shuikou, Fangzhuang, zhankou, sinaiquan (Part 2)

At the corner of the mountain, there is snow and white clouds

A view of Lianfeng in the West

17. The arrow flows through all the gullies to hold the sky (Part 2)

18 risks, but Yan Ran, you are still a stone

19 copper and the mouth, the situation is good, the road to the mouth (Part II)

The mouth of the 20th century

The villain wrote for him

22 Yihuang, Huaxi, Fengkou, Tianze, Bingfu (Part 2)

On the side of shixiling mountain in Lezhen, 23 poverty stricken area (lower remnant)

My nephew Wang Lingmin (Part Two)

Textual research on content

These words may be difficult to understand. But it doesn't matter. It's clear that this is a Tang stele. It's the business of experts to chew words and deliberate. As it happens, I see Mr. Tong Zhuchen, an expert from the Institute of archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, explaining these words. It can be copied here for reference and research by those who are interested in the content of Tang stele.

The full text is as follows——

There are two recorders, one is guest Liu, and the other is disabled.

There were also two people who wrote Tianzhu's regular script. One was for Yue, the other was for he Shouyi.

In June of the third year of Xianqing reign of Emperor Gaozong of the great Tang Dynasty, the great Tang Dynasty controlled the whole world, which means to govern the whole world. Yiye Chongguang is the continuation of the world, the holy virtue Chongguang, Xuanhua Dharma in Wukong, namely Buddhism, fangdoug in the sky.

Three five, historical records said that the number of days, will pass three five. Three five is the three Chen five star, three Chen: sun, moon, star also. Five stars, namely the five elements of the star: gold, wood, water, fire, Saturn is also.

Hu (Hun) The country of the Han Dynasty, the country of the Han Dynasty and the Hun Dynasty, is a country of the Han Dynasty and the Hun Dynasty.

Crossing mountains and sea means crossing mountains and sea.

*The word can't be checked, or it can be estimated that * body poison is close to body poison, that is, close to body poison. The old name of India is body poison, that is, India.

The word "ru" can't be checked.

Zuo Xiaowei, the commander of history, established the military official system in Tang Dynasty, and set up sixteen guards to unify it, including the left and right Xiaowei. Every soldier of the East guard has his own name. The left and right guards are called Xiaoqi.

Guannei refers to the area within Hangu pass, which is one of the ten roads in Tang Dynasty. It is to the north of Zhongnan Mountain in Shaanxi Province, to the east of Longdi in Gansu Province and to Ningxia.

Wang xuance told Liu Renkai to choose six sons of innocent people in Hangu pass. However, Wang xuance, the envoy group of Zuo Xiaowei Changshi, had six members from Liang family, his son Wang Lingmin and his nephew, two recorders and two writers, including 13 members, soldiers and miscellaneous workers. The total number should be dozens.

Xueling, which should refer to Yulong mountain, was granted Beiyue by mengyimouxun in Nanzhao, northwest of Lijiang, Yunnan.

Jiushan mountain, also known as lingjiu mountain, is the place where Buddhas live in India.

Sheng Chao Xue Ling refers to Jiushan mountain, where the sound passes over the snow ridge and Jiushan mountain is like floating. In May of the year, it was in the west of Xiao Yangtong. The word "Nian Xia may" here is presumed to be in May of the fourth year of Xianqing. It has already arrived in the west of Xiao Yangtong and is carved in stone. "Tongdian" Volume 19 "frontier six" for the same lamb. Xiao Yangtong and Xiao Yang are both homophonic and different books. Dayang Tong is connected with Tubo in the East, xiaoyangtong in the West and Ertian in the north. It is more than 1000 miles from east to west and has won 89000 troops. That is to say, Xiaoyang is in the west of Dayang Tong. Xiaoyangtong, 60-70 in volume 5 of Chinese Historical Atlas, is listed in the Xiangquan river area between zadapulan.

At that time, the water was in full swing, the plank road was passed by the Tang envoys, the foot of the mountain was covered with snow, the sky was covered with white clouds, the barrier under it covered the black fog, and the mountains were connected to the West. Jianshui, I don't know what it means, or the first river in Jilong County, Jilong Zangbu river. It is dangerous for the world that the arrow and water converge into the stream of ten thousand valleys. However, Yanran is still famous for its stone (Xiacan), copper (Xiacan), and Kuang Gong (Kuang Gong) has made great contributions to the road (Xiacan) and Huanghua (Xiacan). That is to say, although Yanran mountain is near, Youli stone is still in the way of Han Wei, Kuang Tianzhu (India) is far away, and there is still a plan to pass the envoy. Thinking about the emperor's orders, he sent Huanghua to serve him far away. He should engrave shile inscriptions and read Shengfa of the Tang Dynasty.

"The villain said for its inscription, yihuanghuaxi Fengkou, tianzepin (Xiacan), lezhenshixi Lingshan (Xiacan) in the poor area makes people rest, Wang Lingmin mouth envoy nephew (xiaque)", the villain is Wang xuance's modest words. Its inscription said: good, emissary, according to heaven's will to drive to the poor area, Lezhen stone on the side of Lingshan. Wang Lingmin, son of the messenger, nephew of the messenger.

Yanran mountain is the present Mongolian saiyinuoyan department. There is Hangai mountain. In the autumn and July of the first year of emperor Yongyuan of the Han Dynasty (89 A.D.), dou xiangeng, the 23rd volume of the book of the later Han Dynasty, fought against beidanyu in jiluo mountain. The battle was greatly broken. Eighty one of them led more than 200000 people to surrender. Dou xiangeng climbed the Yanran mountain and went to the fortress for three thousand li. He carved stones to record the power of the Han Dynasty.

Biography of Wang xuance

The book of the old Tang Dynasty volume 198 biography No.148

In the 10th year of Zhenguan period, he came to his country and returned to China with more than 600 Buddhist scriptures. First of all, he sent the Shiwang xuance, the governor of Youli Prefecture, to Tianzhu, and his fourth Emperor Xian sent envoys to pay tribute. In the meeting, Luo Yiduo, the body of the king of Tianzhu, died, and the country was in great chaos. His minister, navadi aronashun, usurped the throne, but he sent Hu soldiers to refuse xuance. Xuance rode thirty men to fight with Hu Yu. He lost the enemy and was captured. Hu also plundered the contributions of other countries.

Xuance stepped forward to escape in the night and went to Tubo. He sent 1200 elite people and rode more than 7000 horses in the mud Brahma state to escape from xuance. Xuance and his deputy envoy Jiang Shiren led the two soldiers to zhongtianzhu city. They fought for three days in a row. They decapitated more than 3000 people and drowned ten thousand people. Aronashun abandoned the city and escaped. Shi Renjin captured them. There were 12000 men and women and 30000 cattle and horses. So Tianzhu was frightened and captured Arona.

In the 22nd year of Emperor Taizong's reign in the capital, he ordered a secretary to inform the temple. The officials said, "my wife's eyes and ears are playing with sound and color, and her mouth and nose are stinking. This is the source of immorality. If Brahman does not plunder me, will he be a prisoner? In the past, Zhongshan used to take advantage of treasures, and Shu Marquis

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