Nyang River

Nyang River

Niyang River, a river on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau in China, has a total length of 307.5 kilometers and a drainage area of 17500 square kilometers, ranking fourth among the tributaries of the Yarlung Zangbo River, but it has abundant water, second only to the Palung Zangbo River.

The Niyang River originates from cuomuliangla, west of Mila, Tibet Autonomous Region of China, flows from west to East, and joins the Yarlung Zangbo River near zemen, Linzhi county.

Niyang River is the "Mother River" in Gongbu area of Tibet Autonomous Region, also known as "niangqu", which means "tears of Goddess" in Tibetan. The Niyang River is one of the rivers in the Qinghai Tibet Plateau with good vegetation, beautiful scenery and many scenic spots. There are many wild birds in the scenic zone of Niyang River, which is also a famous wintering area for black necked cranes in Tibet.

General situation of main stream

The Niyang River originates from cuomuliangla on the west side of Mila, Tibet Autonomous Region, flows from west to East and joins near zemen in Linzhi County, with a total length of 307.5km, a drop of 2273m and an average slope of 7.39%. Its source is the valley surrounded by ancient glaciation, with an altitude of about 5000 meters. The average discharge of Niyang River is 538 cubic meters per second, the annual runoff is 22 billion cubic meters, and the water energy reserve can reach 2.08 million kilowatts.

Niyang River is the "Mother River" in Gongbu area, also known as "niangqu", which means "tears of Goddess" in Tibetan. There are two tributaries at the source of Niyang River, one of which originates from cuomuliangla on the west side of Mila, and the other from litongla. The total length of the river is 307.5km, with an annual runoff of 22 billion cubic meters and a drainage area of 15459km2. From west to East, it runs parallel to the Yarlung Zangbo River, passing through Jiaxing Township, JINDA Town, gongbujiangda Town, Bahe Town, baiba Town, Bayi Town, Pujiu Township and Mirui Township of Linzhi county. It joins the Yarlung Zangbo River near zemen of Linzhi county and is one of the five major rivers of the Yarlung Zangbo River One of the tributaries. There are many wild birds in the scenic zone of Niyang River, which is the wintering area of black necked Crane in Tibet.

hydrographic features

The main flood season of Niyang River Basin is from June to September, and the runoff concentration is high in the year. The runoff in flood season accounts for about 90% of the total runoff, and the flood season and dry season are from March to May. Because the annual variation of runoff and annual average sediment concentration of Niyang River are small, the annual variation of sediment discharge is small, but the uneven distribution of sediment discharge is prominent, 7-9 The sediment discharge in three months can account for 76% - 93% of the whole year; the slope in the basin is steep and the flow is rapid in the flood season, and the ability of the flow to carry sand and gravel is doubled in the flood season, and a large amount of bed load accumulates in the wide river channel or in the place with obstacles, which is easy to cause the mainstream swing or the blockage of the water intake of the diversion project, which seriously threatens the water intake safety of the power station; compared with the suspended sediment, the flow is more stable The problem of bed load and sediment is more serious in the built diversion power station.

General situation of River Basin

Topography and climate

The Niyang River is located in Nyingchi, Tibet Autonomous Region of China. Affected by the Indian Ocean warm current and the northern cold current, it has formed a special tropical, subtropical, temperate and frigid climate zone in Nyingchi, and a variety of humid and semi humid climate zones, forming a unique world of snow mountains and forests, It has formed a rare River Valley scenery in the world, which is called Jiangnan of Tibet. The climate of Niyang River is mild and humid. The average annual temperature is about 8 ℃ and the annual precipitation is 600-900 mm.

Economic culture

The agricultural and forestry products in the Niyang River Basin are very rich. In addition to grain and fruit, there are many precious forest by-products such as musk, Ganoderma lucidum, Hericium erinaceus, Poria cocos, Auricularia auricula and Tricholoma matsutake in the lush and lush Picea and fir forests on the two slopes of the valley. Among them, musk, which is known as "Xixiang", is big, thin and full of benevolence, with strong aroma and high quality. Musk is not only a high-grade spice, but also widely used in medicine as a stimulant and cardiotonic. There are also many ornamental birds, such as Tibetan horse pheasant, red bellied horned pheasant, white bellied pheasant, and thrush with beautiful calls. Bajie village in the river basin has an ancient huge Berlin of more than 100 mu. These giant cypresses are towering, thick shade blocking the sun, lush and green. One of them, the "king of cypresses", is nearly 6 meters in diameter at breast height. It takes more than 10 people to join hands to encircle it. It is more than 2500 years old, and is more ancient than the famous "Han cypresses" and "Tang cypresses" in the mainland. It can be called a "living cultural relic". The scientific name of giant cypress is Yarlung Zangbo River cypress, also known as "Xiubai" locally, which is a kind of gymnospermae cypress. It likes light, is resistant to drought and barren, and has strong adaptability. It grows well on the alkaline sandy soil in the mild and dry valley with annual precipitation less than 500mm and annual average temperature about 8 ℃. Its material is excellent, tough and corrosion-resistant, fine texture, luster, aroma. In addition to serving as building materials, branches and leaves can extract aromatic essence; seeds can extract oil, treat palpitations, insomnia and forgetfulness; bark can be used to make baking glue and so on.

Governance and development

Water control project

Bayi hydropower station: located in the Niyang River, it was completed and put into operation in 1967, with an installed capacity of 3100kw at that time (after the investment of Guangdong Province in 2000, the installed capacity was 8640kw by 2014).

Bahe cascade hydropower station: it is located on Bahe River, a tributary of Niyang River, with a catchment area of 4198km2 and a wide range of modern glaciers.

Niai downstream hydropower station: located in the downstream of Niyang River, it has a controlled catchment area of about 15600 km2 and a reservoir volume of 150 million M.

Duobu hydropower station: located in Linzhi County, Tibet, where Niyang River flows, it is about 25 km away from Bayi Town, where Linzhi administrative office is located. Its installed capacity is 120000 kW, annual utilization hours are 4217 hours, and the designed annual power generation is 506 million kwh.

Tourism development

The Niyang River scenic belt has such important scenic spots as benri holy mountain, seven ancient temples and Zhuanshan ancient road around the mountain, Dimu stone carving, the key historical and cultural village in Southeast Tibet, yurongzeng village, Demusi, Mirui ecological sightseeing agriculture demonstration area, etc. in addition, the beautiful and magnificent river water resources in the Niyang River scenic belt tourist area can also be used for rafting and yachting Test. As the only yacht wharf on the Yarlung Zangbo River, the Niyang River scenic belt tourist area is also the starting scenic spot to enter the Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon by waterway.

Bridge culvert

Bayi Bridge on Niyang River: Bayi Bridge on Niyang River is located in Linzhi Prefecture of Tibet Autonomous Region, at K1 + 461m of provincial highway 306, with a total length of 473m, 21 spans and each span of 22m. It is a reinforced concrete T-beam bridge, and its pier foundation is an open cut foundation. It was completed and opened to traffic in 1971 and repaired and reinforced in 2002.

Address: Linzhi city (mainly located in gongbujiangda county and Bayi District)

Longitude: 92.920563

Latitude: 30.028814

Ticket information: no ticket required.

Chinese PinYin : Ni Yang He