Langsailing Manor

Langsailing Manor

Langsailing manor is located in zanang County, which is the earliest manor in Tibetan history. The manor was built in the late Tubo Dynasty, and formed its present scale in the period of Pazhu Dynasty. In addition to the seven storey main building, the whole manor building has annex building, watchtower, watchtower, garden, trench and Linka, as well as farmland, pasture, handicraft workshop and other ancillary buildings. It is rare in Tibetan history that the manor was built with stone and rammed with earth, and the ancient high-rise building idea that the proportion of earth and stone bearing pressure was coordinated.

essential information

Langsailing manor is located in zanang County, which is the earliest manor in Tibetan history. The manor was built in the late Tubo Dynasty, and formed such a scale in the Pazhu Dynasty. In addition to the seven storey main building, the whole manor building has annex building, watchtower, watchtower, garden, trench and Linka, as well as farmland, pasture, handicraft workshop and other ancillary buildings. It is rare in Tibetan history that the manor was built with stone and rammed with earth, and the ancient high-rise building idea that the proportion of earth and stone bearing pressure was coordinated.

Langsailing manor is one of the earliest high-rise buildings in Tibet, and also a historical witness of the feudal serf society in Tibet.

Langsailing manor is known as "the epitome of Tibetan serf society". It combines the luxury of the old Tibetan princes with the misery of the serfs. The prison, the shack, the stable, the granary, the living room, the Buddhist hall, the Linka, the secret passage, the defensive wall, the moat and so on are all available. The ingenious design and the exquisite craftsmanship make people astonished. A panoramic picture of the Lama Kingdom and a history of disputes over local governments are just around the corner. The extravagant paradise and painful hell have a strong impact on people's hearts.

Architectural wonder

Langsailing manor was built in the period of Pazhu regime in Tibet, about 600 or 700 years ago. The main body of the manor is 7 floors, which is the highest folk building in Tibet at that time. It took 26 years before and after the construction.

The landlords of langsailing manor once made great contributions to the establishment of Pazhu regime. They were promoted to the rank of nobility, granted 100000 good farmland and thousands of serfs, and began to build their own manor.

Langsailing manor is surrounded by two layers of walls. The main building faces south. The walls of the whole building are built by stone and soil ramming, with a total height of 22 meters. It is the earliest high-rise building in Tibet. There is a stone wall foundation with a height of more than 7 meters in the lower part, and the rest are all soil ramming walls with stone slabs in the interlayer. The wall thickness is about 1.4 meters. The east half of the main building is made of stone walls from the bottom to the top. The stone walls are all engraved with eight treasure patterns. In addition, a subsidiary building with a width of 4.3 meters is added at the easternmost end. The stone joint trace is very clear. These are added in the later period. There is a rectangular high platform in front of the main building's gate. There are steps in front of the platform and on the left side of the platform. The steps in front of the platform are wide and the gradient is small. The steps on the left side are narrow and the gradient is large. Langsailing manor, a special construction method of ramming with stone and soil and the idea of coordinating the proportion of earth and rock bearing pressure, is very rare in Tibetan history.

In addition, archery holes are cleverly designed around the main building. Once the enemy breaks through the defensive wall and the moat, the guards in the manor can stand high and shoot the enemy from the archery holes. In the era of cold weapons, such design has played a role of "one man is in charge, ten thousand men are not allowed to open".

The biggest characteristic of the local political power in old Tibet is "the unity of politics and religion". Politics, power and religion are inextricably linked and permeate every link of social life. There are three living Buddhas in the langsailing family. The scarlet white horse grass parapet (which can be built only when the living Buddha's family repairs houses in Tibet) quickly became a symbol of the family's prominent status. In addition, the manor owner also inlaid six character mantra, reincarnation great compassion mantra and other religious decorations on the main external wall.

The lowest suffering

Under the feudal serfdom in old Tibet, almost all aristocratic manors had prison houses and prisons specially set up for punishing serfs. At the bottom of the estate is the cell.

The entrance of the cell was guarded by a 7 cm thick walnut door. Open the prison door and enter the prison. There is a shivering smell of moisture and corruption floating in the air. The four archery holes with a width of less than 10 cm in the four corners are all the lighting and ventilation facilities. Even if the sun is burning outside, the dungeon is still frozen like a cave, which makes people gasp for air.

The whole prison surrounds the manor for a week. It is very big. Although it is more than 5 meters high, it is still very depressing due to the limited ventilation and lighting facilities. When three or five "Prisoners" were locked in the same shackles, they were thrown into prison. They could not sit or lie down. They were accompanied by dampness, coldness, hunger, stench and poisonous insects. They were forced to work during the day and put in the dungeon at night. What a difference of life. In addition, this floor is also a place for livestock.

Bottomless barn and treasure land

The steps of langsailing manor are very high. Up the steps, you can see the main entrance of the building, the exquisitely carved doorposts and the exquisitely carved doors, showing the noble grace. The images of "God of wealth holding an elephant" and "Mongolian dominating a tiger" carved on the door are typical pictures of protecting the door in Tibet.

Step into the room from the steps, unconsciously already in the third floor (the bottom floor is the cell, the second floor is the warehouse), there is a sense of entering.

This floor houses, or large and spacious, or dark dark dark, some also carved beams and painted buildings, people feel like entering a labyrinth. There's a granary here, but the entrance is on the fourth floor. There are only a few "nianba" (grain steward) who are in charge of the granary in this small dark house. The rest are granaries. There are five granaries in total, with four grain taking ports and Tibetan movable granary boards, which are convenient for grain taking. The granary is huge, like a bottomless hole. Every year, the blood and sweat of countless serfs gather into the noble's brilliant smile and accumulate here.

The main functions of the fourth layer are rent collection and treasure collection. The house for rent and collection is quite spacious. There is a grain intake at the foot of the house, but the grain intake is very small. You can only pour grain into the house. Generally, you can't see how much grain there is in the granary. Next to the rental house is "xiakang", which is the meat storage room. All year round, cattle, sheep and pork are piled up here, which is provided by serfs free of charge. The quantity is very large, providing for the noble life. Only the existing cattle leather rope and the dense meat nails on the rafters are enough to make you sigh about the wealth of the nobility.

There is also a place called "zuokan" on this floor, which is specially used to store the noble's mountains of gold and silver treasures and precious furniture. Therefore, although "zuokan" is broad, it is very hidden. Next to the bedroom is for the aristocratic housekeeper to live, its status is second only to the aristocracy, and must be a confidant and confidant of the manor owner.

Exquisite and bright noble room

Starting from the fifth floor, we will live in aristocratic members. In this floor, the big bedroom and the small bedroom are arranged in layers. The living room, balcony, skylight and toilet are all available, especially the huge skylight, which leads directly to the top floor, so that the ventilation and lighting are very sufficient, warm in winter and cool in summer. The first wisp of warm sun in the early morning of winter can penetrate the skylight and balcony and bask in the bedroom; the first fragrance after the summer rain will overflow to every room above this floor.

This floor is mainly used as the living place for the family members and children of the manor owners. According to the different status and status, the location, size, interior decoration and ornaments of each house are also different. The family members share a three row and 12 column assembly living room. The reception hall is mainly used to receive distinguished guests. The decoration is magnificent. The walls are painted with exquisite murals, including religious, ceremonial and disaster relief. It is said that some of the painters who painted these murals are from Zhatang Temple (Zhatang temple murals are the ancestor of Tibetan murals and the birthplace of Dunhuang murals) Many of the painting techniques they used have been lost, so the frescoes of langsailing manor are more and more precious.

The sixth floor is where the real Landrace ridge manor owner lives. In addition to all the facilities on the fifth floor, the decoration on this floor is more luxurious. At the same time, the secret room and morning tea room are added on this floor. Because of the appearance of living Buddhas in his family, it is necessary for the master of the manor to get up and chant sutras every day. Therefore, there are also Buddhist halls and Sutra Pavilion.

Simple living Buddha Hall

There were three living Buddhas in the langsailing family, so the living Buddha Hall was built on the top of the manor. Ordinary people (including nobles) at this level can't come up casually. There is no fancy luxury here, just a bedroom, a room, a balcony. The living Buddha lives on the first floor, perhaps to let the living Buddha abandon the worldly prosperity, be pure hearted and devoid of desire, and devote himself to enlightenment. Therefore, the decoration is simple but refined. Except for the balcony, the Sutra room and bedroom are not spacious, or even narrow and oppressive.

Living Buddha is not only the most respected person in the family, but also the dignitaries in the Buddhist and secular circles. Therefore, he is highly respected. There are special people to serve him in food, clothing and daily life. It can be said that "there is no mess in the ears, no paperwork."

Wonderful aristocratic Linka

50 meters to the south of the manor is the Linka of langsailing manor. It is said that in the front and back yard of this noble Linka, there were countless kinds of rare birds and animals, exotic flowers and plants, precious and famous trees in the garden. There were more than 20 kinds of apple trees of different varieties alone, and even tropical crops. The survival of tropical crops in Tibet is a miracle. According to local elders, tropical crops are cultivated by gradually transplanting them to adapt to the plateau climate, that is, transplanting some crops from the tropics to places with higher altitudes for hundreds of kilometers, and then to higher places after adaptation

Chinese PinYin : Lang Sai Ling Zhuang Yuan