Dieshan Academy

Dieshan Academy

In the east of Yiyang County, Jiangxi Province, covering an area of nearly 7000 square meters, it was the place where Xie Fangde, a Bachelor of Southern Song Dynasty, studied in his early years. It is like an ancient castle with strict weather, standing high on the Bank of Xinjiang River in the east of Yiyang City, Jiangxi Province. It was built by the people of Yiyang in memory of Xie Dieshan, a famous patriotic poet of Southern Song Dynasty and a strong fighter against aggression, despite the obstruction of the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty at that time. Dieshan academy has always been an important place to impart knowledge.

brief introduction

Xie Fangde was named Junzhi and Dieshan. When the Southern Song Dynasty was killed by the Yuan Dynasty, his family died. In the fifth year of Yanyou reign of emperor Renzong of Yuan Dynasty, the local people built the academy to commemorate Xie Fangde's national spirit and integrity. Later, it was destroyed by fire and rebuilt during the reign of emperor Xizong of the Ming Dynasty. The architecture of the academy is simple and magnificent. The four characters "Dieshan academy" are inscribed on the front door of the auditorium, written by Lin Zexu, a national hero. The wooden building in the center of the auditorium and the huge stone pillars all keep the old appearance. After the auditorium, Wenchang Pavilion was the place where the Academy worshiped the saints. The relief sculptures of "Eight Immortals crossing the sea" and "Chang'e flying to the moon" left on the blue stone wall are the original objects of the Ming Dynasty. Dieshan academy has been one of the cultural and educational centers in the Xinjiang River Valley of Eastern Jiangxi since Yuan and Ming and Qing Dynasties. It has cultivated a large number of national talents. From 1916 to 1919, Fang Zhimin and Shao's revolutionary ancestors studied here. Now it is the site of Yiyang No.3 middle school. Its name is written by Shao Shiping, former governor of Jiangxi Province.

survey

Dieshan Academy was built in the fourth year of Yanyou reign of the Yuan Dynasty. It was originally a Confucian temple and will be rebuilt in the next year. Overlooking the Xinjiang River, the academy is built on the mountain, from low to high. The plaque of "Dieshan academy" hanging on the gate is the handwriting left by Lin Zexu when he came here to pay his respects. The main buildings are Minglun hall, Wenchang Pavilion, osmanthus garden and Wangjiang tower. In Wenchang Pavilion, there are relief sculptures such as Gui Garden and "Eight Immortals crossing the sea". The Wangjiang building is surrounded by exquisite murals. The academy is connected by corridors and decorated with flowers and trees according to the changes of the mountains. You can have a panoramic view of the Xinjiang River and Guifeng mountain.

Dieshan academy is also the alma mater of Fang Zhimin and Shao Shi's revolutionary martyrs, and Wangjiang tower is where they study. Under the influence of the patriotic trend of the May 4th movement, they secretly organized the first advanced revolutionary youth organization in Northeast Jiangxi Province, the "Yiyang nine District Youth Association" in guihuayuan, and launched the Yiyang people's boycott of Japanese goods. It adds new brilliance to Dieshan Academy. It has become a monument in the minds of the people in the Xinjiang River Basin.

Historical evolution

In yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, it was a teaching place for imperial examination students. At the end of the Qing Dynasty, the imperial examination was abolished. In 1902, Dieshan Academy was changed into Yiyang County primary school. During the period of the Republic of China, it was changed into county junior middle school. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, it was the seat of the county Party school, Yijiang town middle school and Yiyang County No.2 Middle School (later changed into Zhimin middle school). In 1995, from the perspective of protecting historical relics, the county government put Dieshan Academy under the management of the County Museum. In 1996, an organization was set up to maintain Dieshan Academy. The first phase of maintenance work was completed in 1999. On October 28, on the occasion of the 710th anniversary of Dieshan's martyrdom, scholars, experts, lineage descendants and so on from home and abroad were invited to hold a grand opening ceremony. The second phase of the maintenance project was completed in 1999. It was officially opened as a tourist attraction on New Year's day in 2000. The newly renovated Dieshan academy is decorated with rare flowers and precious trees, showing the style of Dieshan Academy in the past.

visit

Along the long red stone steps, you enter the entrance of Dieshan academy, the gate of rites. The plaque was inscribed by Mr. Xie Hanru, the president of the world Xie clan association. The plaque was originally inscribed by Lin Zexu, a famous Minister of the Qing Dynasty, and is now the handwriting of Shao Shiping, the former governor of Jiangxi Province. There is an ancient well on the right side of Lisheng gate. The water quality of this well is clear and sweet. According to historical records, Lu Yu, a tea sage in the Tang Dynasty, once made tea with this well water. After drinking it, he was full of praise and called it "the third spring in Xinzhou".

The first hall at the entrance is Wenchang hall. In the first year of Xianfeng (1851), it was moved from the Confucian temple in Xiancheng county to the Academy. It was originally a wooden tablet for worshiping Kuixing statue and Confucius and his disciples. Now it is called "Confucius worship hall". There are portraits of Confucius and other sages in it. It is a place for worshiping the sages. On the left side of Wenchang hall is the Sutra Pavilion. Founded in the reign of Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty, it is the place where the academy collects books. Through the round cave gate made of bluestone, there is a garden with wonderful flowers and plants and elegant environment. On the grassland, there are stone carvings of "Biluo Dongtian" inscribed by Zhu Xi, an acting scholar of the Song Dynasty, in Biluo Dongtian Academy. Minglun hall, built in 1313, is one of the earliest buildings in Dieshan Academy. It is a place where politics, religion, morality and human ethics are expressed. It is also a main place for lectures, sacrifices and celebrations. Minglun hall has two entrances: one is the exhibition room of Xie Dieshan's life story; the other is the exhibition room of Yiyang County's culture and education history. From the side door of Minglun hall, there is Shanchang room. Shanchang room has the architectural style of the Yuan Dynasty. It is the longest preserved building among the existing units of the Academy. It used to be the residence and office of Shanchang, the principal of the Academy. Now it is the maintenance information exhibition room of Dieshan Academy.

Out of the room, you can enjoy the inscriptions on the left wall of the cloister. The contents of the inscriptions are mainly the poems of Mr. Xie Dieshan, which are the masterpieces of famous calligraphers at home and abroad. They form a Calligraphy Gallery of Dieshan Academy. Along the corridor, into the garden. It was first built in the reign of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty. It consists of three bungalows in the shape of "concave". It is named after the ancient laurel planted in the courtyard. It is a place for students to board and board. Fang Zhimin and Shao Shiping lived here when they were studying, and now they are the "Yiyang chamber information exhibition room". The only building with floors in Dieshan academy is Wangjiang building, which has two floors. In 1622, it was built by Sunsen, the county magistrate of Yiyang. At that time, Fang Zhimin and Shao Shiping set up the first revolutionary organization in Jiangxi, the "nine District Youth Association", and the first Communist Youth League branch in Northeast Jiangxi. Wangjiang tower is the best place to view Dieshan Academy. It is simple and majestic, standing in Wangjiang tower. Looking far away, you can see the long bridge across Xinjiang River, the houses and smoke curling in the south of the city, and the twelve sceneries of Yijiang river.

character

Xie Fangde (1226-1289) was a litterateur in the Southern Song Dynasty. The word is straight, and the name is Dieshan. Xinzhou Yiyang (now Jiangxi) people. Baoyou four years (1256) and Wen Tianxiang in the same branch Jinshi. The next year's re examination instructor, middle school and economics. At the same time, he organized the militia to fight against the Yuan Dynasty. In the same year, he served as an examiner and was dethroned for offending Jia Sidao. In the first year of the reign of emperor de (1275), he was sent to Xinzhou by Jiangdong and Jiangxi imperial edict. The soldiers of the Yuan Dynasty broke the border and were defeated in the war. They hid in the stone mountain of Tang Dynasty in Jianning. Later, they lived in Jianyang to sell divination and teach. After the death of Song Dynasty, he lived in central Fujian. In the Yuan Dynasty, he was forced to be sent to Dadu (today's Beijing) and died on hunger strike. The disciple's private posthumous title is Wenjie.

Xie Fangde respected Europe and the Soviet Union for his literary works. He thought that "Europe and the Soviet Union started from the remote areas, took the ancient road as their own responsibility, and developed into ci poetry, which was well-known by scholars all over the world.". He was dissatisfied with the style of writing in the late Song Dynasty, and pointed out that "in the past 70 years, the style of writing has been extremely humble" ("with Yang Shixi book"), so he took the responsibility of revitalizing the style of writing. His prose style is high and extraordinary, and has great momentum. The book of Liu Zhongzhai, the prime minister, is generous and indignant, and its righteousness is strict. In the preface of the Tang and Song Dynasties, it has its own characteristics. There is also a record of Xin Qiji's death in the tomb of Mr. Xin Jiaxuan of Song Dynasty. He thinks that his loyalty and righteousness are not under Zhang Zhongxian and Yue Wumu. He highly praises Xin Qiji's patriotism, which also reflects his own moral integrity.

Xie Fang felt old and desolate when he was hurt by his poems. His poetry style was simple and upright, and sometimes full of charm. For example, "Wuyi Mountain" wrote: "ten years no dream to return home, independent Qingfeng wild water. The heaven and earth are lonely, the mountain rain stops, and the plum blossoms are cultivated for several generations. "It is painful to describe the ten years when he moved to the mountains. "A poem when he first came to Jianning" is a farewell poem for him to go to the north. The first sentence is that "the pines and cypresses in the snow are more and more green". It's also very touching that he looks at death like returning home.

He has 16 volumes of Dieshan Ji and a photocopy of Sibu congkan.

Ticket Price

Market price: ￥ 20

Best travel season

All seasons are OK. If you consider the surrounding scenic spots, it is more suitable in spring and autumn

traffic

National Highway 3200, Liwen Expressway and Zhejiang Jiangxi railway double track pass through the entrance of the scenic spot, so the traffic is very convenient.

get accommodation

Yiyang Zhiqing Hotel

Accommodation, diet

Address: 7 square road

delicious food

Yiyang vinegar chicken, Shangrao rice bran, Shangrao hot and sour meat skin, Shangrao pickled braised pork, Guangfeng mutton, Yushan Black Pork, Qianshan soup powder, Qianshan Dengzhan, Hengfeng dog meat, Wuyuan steamed dishes, Wuyuan red carp, Wuxiang bamboo bean, dried eggplant, Maoxiang pomelo peel, Xiangsi bamboo bean

Adjacent scenic spots

Wuyuan

Longtan scenic spot

Yu Jing Peak

The wonder of Sanqing mountain

Five major whistles

Poyang Lake Nature Reserve

Xianshuiyan tourist area

Underground Taoyuan

Wuzhifeng

Pavilion of Prince Teng

Tiyunling

Shangqing ancient town

Three openings

address

Chinese PinYin : Die Shan Shu Yuan