Zhaoxi Mausoleum

Zhaoxi mausoleum is the mausoleum of boljijit, Empress of Xiaozhuang, located in the east of dahongmenwai of the eastern Mausoleum of Qing Dynasty. It was first built on the third day of February in the third year of Yongzheng reign. On the tenth day of December in the same year, empress Wen of Xiaozhuang was buried in the underground palace. Zhaoxi mausoleum is the highest level Mausoleum of the Qing Dynasty.

Zhaoxi Mausoleum

Zhaoxi mausoleum is the mausoleum of boumubutai, the empress of Xiaozhuang, located in the east of dahongmenwai of Qingdong mausoleum, Zunhua City, Hebei Province. It was first built on the third day of February in the third year of Yongzheng reign. On the tenth day of December in the same year, empress Wen of Xiaozhuang was buried in the underground palace. Zhaoxi mausoleum is the second empress Mausoleum of Qing Dynasty, and also the highest rank empress mausoleum.

Practical information

Ticket information

Ticket price: 122 yuan / adult (Qing Dongling pass, including Ferry Bus)

Preferential policies: 102 yuan per person for the elderly, the disabled and students (with valid certificates), excluding 92 yuan per person for the performance of the sacrificial ceremony. Children under 1.2m are free of charge.

Traffic information

Internal transportation

After arriving at the scenic spot, all the round-trip buses (including their own vehicles) will be parked in the parking lot of the service base, and they will take the scenic spot circular sightseeing bus to enter each scenic spot. All tombs can be reached by sightseeing bus, and tourists can take the sightseeing bus ticket in a circle.

Sightseeing bus cycle route

(1) Tourist reception center - dabeilou - Yuling parking lot - yufeiyuansu (No.2 parking lot)

(2) Yufei garden dormitory (No.2 parking lot) - Xiaoling - jingling

(3) Yufei garden dormitory (No.2 parking lot) - tourist service center

External traffic

Self driving

1. Beijing direction

Beijing Airport Expressway --- Beijing Ping Expressway --- Pingji Expressway --- exit of Jixian County --- north outer ring of Jixian County --- Mazhen bridge --- left turn of Shimen --- Dongling of Qing Dynasty.

Beijing --- Beijing Shenyang Expressway --- Baodi (road section with road sign) to Jinji Expressway --- exit of Jixian County --- Mashen bridge --- left turn of Shimen --- Dongling of Qing Dynasty.

Beijing -- Guomao Bridge (East Third Ring Road) -- Jingtong Express -- Yanjiao -- Sanhe -- North outer ring road of Jixian -- Mazhen bridge -- Shimen left turn -- Dongling of Qing Dynasty.

Beijing Shunyi Pinggu Jinhai Lake Wangzhuang bridge left Xiaying road right sungezhuang road left Qing Dongling.

2. Tianjin direction

Tianjin --- Jinji Expressway --- exit of Jixian County --- north outer ring of Jixian County --- Mazhen bridge --- left turn of Shimen --- Dongling of Qing Dynasty.

3. Northeast direction

Qinhuangdao -- Beijing Shenyang Expressway -- Tangcheng Expressway (south of Zunhua) -- West outer ring of Zunhua -- turn right at Shimen -- Dongling of Qing Dynasty.

4. Chengde direction

Tang Cheng Expressway --- Zunhua South --- the direction of Dongling of Qing Dynasty.

Chengde, Xinglong, Huangyaguan, Xiaying, sungezhuang, Dongling of Qing Dynasty.

Chengde opens to Daguang Expressway --- turn right towards Tangshan --- enter Changshen Expressway --- go up ramp from G112 exit to bangkuang line to Dongling of Qing Dynasty.

Passenger car

Beijing Dongling of Qing Dynasty

There is a bus from Beijing to Zunhua at Sihui long distance station in Beijing. On the way, get off at Shimen toll station in Zunhua and take a taxi to Dongling of Qing Dynasty.

Qinhuangdao the eastern Mausoleum of Qing Dynasty

Qinhuangdao to Zunhua: there are high-speed trains (8:30 a.m. and 2:30 p.m.) two times a day, about two and a half trips. You can buy the ticket of Qing Dongling from Zunhua station.

Chengde Dongling of Qing Dynasty

You can take the bus directly from Chengde to Zunhua, then from Zunhua to Dongling, or from Chengde to Yutian, and get off at Dongling of Qing Dynasty.

airport

Tangshan sannuhe airport has opened routes to and from Shanghai, Guangzhou, Chengdu, Guiyang, Chongqing, Kunming, Changsha, Xi'an and Sanya.

train

After arriving at Tangshan north station, take bus No.103 from Tangshan north station, pass through 3 stops, and arrive at Fengrun bus station (or 111), then take bus from Fengrun bus station to Zunhua, and finally take bus from Zunhua bus station to Dongling of Qing Dynasty.

Main attractions

Small stele tower, also known as Shinto stele Pavilion, has double eaves at the top of the mountain. The posthumous title of empress Xiaozhuang Wen is engraved in Manchu, Mongolian and Chinese characters on the outside of the stele.

Longen hall, with double eaves and veranda, is the only example in Qing Dynasty mausoleum. In the hall, the empress of Xiaozhuang is worshipped.

East side hall, for the single eaves Xieshan style, five wide face, is the storage of Zhu version and silk. During the maintenance of the main hall, temporarily move the God card here.

West side hall, for the single eaves Xie peak, five wide face. Every time empress Wen of Xiaozhuang died, 13 lamas chanted sutras here to help the dead pass the spirits of the dead.

General situation

Zhaoxi mausoleum is the mausoleum of boljijit, empress Xiaozhuang Wen, one of the five concubines of Chongde palace of emperor Aixinjueluo Huangtaiji. It is located in the east of dahongmenwai of Qingdong mausoleum in Zunhua City, Hebei Province. There is a Fengshui wall between Zhaoxi mausoleum and Dongling mausoleum.

In 1687, empress Wen of Xiaozhuang died of illness and was buried near Xiaoling. According to the burial system in the early Qing Dynasty, the empress had to be buried with the emperor in the same tomb and cave, regardless of whether she died before or after the emperor. But Xiaozhuang once told Emperor Kangxi that Emperor Taizong Wen had been worshipping the Zitong palace for a long time, but he could not respect it. At this time, he was not buried together. If you don't set up a tomb, it would be a labor of the people, not a joint burial. I love your father and son very much. I can't bear to go away. I must live in an house in Zunhua. I have no regrets.

Emperor Kangxi had always been very filial to his grandmother, so he didn't put her in Zhaoling after returning to Xiaozhuang. Instead, he built a temporary Temple beside Dongling. In the courtyard, there are two halls, one for enjoyment and one for temporary security, but no underground palace has been built. The hall of enjoyment is the top of the veranda. Because Xiaozhuang loved a small hall on the east side of the CI Ning palace in the Forbidden City, Kangxi ordered people to tear it down and move it to the mausoleum area to rebuild the hall of enjoyment. There are three gates beside the hall. The coffin of Xiaozhuang was buried on the throne of the temporary Anfeng hall. After being buried with soil, the door of the hall was closed forever. From the 27th year to the 61st year of Kangxi reign, Xuanye went to Zunhua to pay homage to the temporary Anfeng hall and the Xiaoling Mausoleum 26 times, with an average of 0.74 times a year, and most of them were in winter. He purposely arranged his visit to the mausoleum on a day when the ground was frozen and it was difficult to move on, in order to visit and comfort his grandmother near the time when she said goodbye to him. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi, the problem of empress Wen's mausoleum in Xiaozhuang was not solved.

In the third year of Yongzheng (1725, the 100th anniversary of Huang Taiji's marriage to Xiaozhuang), Emperor Shizong thought that the place was very auspicious, because the country was prosperous since empress Wen's temporary an, the emperor's reign lasted for a long time, and his descendants were extended. So he changed the temporary an Fengdian to zhaoxiling. Construction started on the third day of the second month of the third year of Yongzheng reign, and empress Wen of Xiaozhuang was buried in the underground palace on the tenth day of December of the same year. Due to the terrain, no trench and Bridge Culvert were built.

Layout structure

Zhaoxi mausoleum faces south. The architectural layout from south to north is as follows: xiamapai, Shinto tablet Pavilion, east-west court room, east-west duty room, longen gate, three glazed doors, Dongxi Liaolu, Dongxi Peidian, longen hall, Mausoleum gate, Taishi Wugong, Fangcheng, minglou, Baocheng and Baoding. The underground palace is under the Baoding. In front of the mausoleum, there is a kitchen for making sacrifices on the east side.

Nowadays, most of Zhaoxi mausoleum has been destroyed. From the base site, the southernmost end is Xiama stele, Shinto stele Pavilion, and the only remaining stele. These are buildings beyond the rank of Queen mausoleum. On the east side of the pavilion is the kitchen, with only a wall. There are five rooms in the East and five in the West.

Longen's facade is five rooms wide, with a single eaves on the top of the hill, yellow glazed tiles and two stoves. There is a wall inside longen gate, which is connected with the inner courtyard by three glazed doors. In the Qing Dynasty Emperor (empress) mausoleum building, the three gates are the back bedroom garden gate behind longen hall. The three gates of Zhaoxi mausoleum were built in front of longen hall, which is different from other mausoleums for some reasons. Longen Hall of zhaoxiling was used as a treasure city from the 27th year of Kangxi to the 3rd year of Yongzheng. In the inner courtyard of the three gates, there are two stoves, five East and five West halls, and only the column foundations. The front of longen hall is the top of the double eaves veranda hall, which is the only example of the mausoleum of Qing Dynasty Emperor (empress) in Guannei. A pair of copper stove, a pair of crane and a pair of deer on the platform. There are three warm pavilions in the hall. There is a stone base in the rear of the hall, which is about 0.3 meters high and 2.0 meters wide. I don't know what to do. There are clip walls on the East and west sides of the main hall, each opening a small door to connect with the backyard. Shiwugong is relatively low and steep in front of the platform of the next moon in Fangcheng. The Ming tower was repaired in the 1960s, with a unified stele built inside. In Manchu, Mongolian and Han Dynasties, it is called "the mausoleum of empress xiaozhuangwen". The top is round. The terrain around Zhaoxi mausoleum is flat and open, and there is no other empress's back tent and east-west sand mountains around it, which makes it a little empty and lonely.

Architectural features

The Qing Dynasty has built seven empress Mausoleums in more than two centuries. In terms of Architectural Regulations, the most unique mausoleum is Zhaoxi Mausoleum of empress Wen of Xiaozhuang. What is unique about it?

The main hall with double eaves

In Qing Dynasty mausoleum, whether it is emperor's Mausoleum or imperial palace's mausoleum, the main hall is on the top of the mountain. There are only single eaves and double eaves, but the main hall of Zhaoxi mausoleum is on the top of the hall. The top of the veranda is the most noble and advanced form of ancient architecture, which also reflects the status of the tomb owner.

Double wall

Chinese PinYin : Zhao Xi Ling