Yuanmou native forest

Yuanmou native forest

Yuanmou earth forest is a kind of columnar terrain shaped by earth like deposits. It is named after the forest in the distance. Soil forests generally occur in basins or valleys, especially those found in Yuanmou, Yunnan, China in recent years, reflecting the evolution of paleogeography and geomorphology.

Yuanmou earth forest is a wonderful natural wonder in China and even in the world. After millions of years of crustal movement, the God of wind and rain carved Yuanmou's land into various strange shapes. Therefore, many photographers, geologists and well-known directors have come to visit and take pictures. The films they shot here include Wuji and riding alone for thousands of miles.

summary

According to the origin and morphological characteristics of soil column, Yuanmou soil forest can be divided into four types. Of course, various forms of soil columns are mixed distribution, which makes the soil forest form a colorful and changing posture.

Soil bud type

There are differences in lithology and consolidation degree in soil forest distribution area. In some cases, due to the different degrees of cementation and semi cementation, the water content of clay minerals in sedimentary rocks and the expansion coefficient after absorbing water are different, and the surface rock strata are affected by weathering for a long time, resulting in a series of fissures. The surface runoff and rainwater first erode along the fissures and soft rock strata. Some soil buds with height diameter ratio less than 1m and relative height less than 1m were formed. This type is the embryonic form of other types of soil forest.

Castle type

The water flow continuously erodes and cuts on the basis of the soil bud type, and erodes and denudes along the vertical fissures, horizontal fissures and other forms of fissures of the stratum, as well as the layers of soft and hard rock, forming the shapes of arch cave, adit, shaft, etc. it is like an ancient castle for people to swim in it. This type of soil column is generally connected with the base of the column, the top is thick and round, or serrated, with a large area and a relative height of 2-5M. However, the flat copper and arch holes below the column are prone to collapse under the action of flowing water and gravity, which makes the column separate and develop into other types of soil columns.

Pointed shoot type

This type of soil forest is mainly composed of sand and clay, with loose cementation and no hard cemented shelter layer at the top. Therefore, the cone-shaped soil column is formed by the erosion of rainwater and surface water flow. The top of the soil forest is sharp, and the shape is like a huge bamboo shoot springing up, and also like the spire of a pagoda. Its height is generally 5-10 meters.

Gossan type

As a typical soil forest type, it is most widely distributed. Because the iron, silicon and calcium in the stratum are gradually dissolved, precipitated, infiltrated and leached to the interface of impervious layer by the washing action of surface water, and then concentrated and cemented in the upper stratum, forming oxide iron cap or silicon and calcium iron cap. Under the erosion and scouring action of water flow, they gradually expose to the top of the column and become the natural "umbrella" of the soil column, which makes the water flow and strong diurnal erosion It can't directly erode and erode the top. Some are like old fishermen, some are like soldiers, some are like cranes, some are like galloping wild horses, forming another wonder of the earth forest.

brief introduction

Yuanmou soil forest is mainly distributed in the west side of Longchuan, the tributary of Jinsha River, and along the valley and gully edge of the tributary flow. Among them, Banguo, hutiaotan (sesame), Wanbao, xiaoleizai, Xinhua and other soil forest communities are relatively large and typical. The area of these communities is about 5 square kilometers. The earth forest column is tall and straight, and each "forest column" has a unique shape, forming a unique earth forest spectacle with different styles. Some of these pillars are like ancient castles, some are like temples, some are like pagodas, some are like huge swords, some are like sword ridges, some are like eagles spreading their wings, some are like galloping horses, some are like rectification guards wearing helmets, some are like scholars shaking fans and chanting bitterly, and there are three-dimensional images of "jade girl watching clouds" and "mother and son traveling together". It's really amazing. Minerals such as mica and quartz are densely distributed on the soil column, reflecting brilliant light under the sunlight, which adds gorgeous color to the soil forest.

Traffic information

Self driving

1. Yuanmou County is adjacent to Wuding in the East, Lufeng in the south, Dayao in the west, Huili in Sichuan in the north, mouding in the southwest and Yongren in the northwest. The county is 189 km away from Kunming, the provincial capital, 143 km away from Panzhihua City, Sichuan Province, and 134 km away from Chuxiong Prefecture.

2. Yuanmou County's main transportation route is 108 National Highway, which is 78 km long, connecting Kunming in the South and Panzhihua in the north; Chengdu Kunming railway, which is 78 km long, has 9 passenger and freight stations, and the route from Jiangbian township to Jinsha River in Dukou City, which forms a convenient transportation network in the county.

highway

The expressway from Chengdu to Panzhihua is about to be completed. The expressway from Yongren to Wuding was opened to traffic on November 28, 2008. It takes only 2 hours from Kunming to Yuanmou and about 6 hours from Chengdu to Yuanmou.

Railway

A. Yuanmou is a necessary place for Chengdu Kunming railway. The two-way double track railway project from Chengdu to Kunming has started. Yuanmou railway station is about 1.5 km away from the ancestral altar. It is expected to be completed in five years.

B. The 200 km / h high-speed train project from Kunming to Chengdu has been started. After the completion of the project, it will take only one hour from Kunming to Yuanmou and about four hours from Chengdu to Yuanmou.

waterway

The construction of Wudongde Hydropower Station on Jinsha River is about to start. After completion, many beautiful islands will be formed in Yuanmou County. The water level of Jinsha River will rise by more than 90 meters, and water transportation can reach Shanghai directly.

Wonderful scenic spot

Lunan Stone Forest is well-known both at home and abroad, but the native forest in some places of Yunnan is also enough to compete with Yuanmou native forest.

Soil forest in Yunnan is widely distributed, among which Wumao soil forest, Banguo soil forest and langbapu soil forest in Yuanmou County are the best. Together with Luliang colorful sand forest and Lunan Stone Forest, it is called "three forests of Yunnan". Yuanmou Wumao earth forest is located in Yuanmou County, 32 kilometers away from the county seat, is a must go place.

As soon as you step into the earth forest, the various shapes seem to make you enter another new world. Some earth pillars point straight at the blue sky like cones and swords; some are like majestic warriors, ready to go; some are like graceful maidens, gazing into the distance; some are overgrown with weeds on the top of earth pillars, sometimes with wild flowers; some are built with sand and stone, bare body Of course, various forms of soil columns are mixed distribution, which makes the soil forest form a colorful and changing posture, which is amazing. But as long as you walk into the earth forest, you will find that the earth forest is mostly composed of sand and clay. According to the investigation of scientific workers, there are also abundant animal and plant fossils, such as giant oak silicified wood, Saber Toothed elephant, Chinese rhinoceros, saber toothed tiger and so on. They are deposited in the early Quaternary two million years ago. There are a small amount of calcareous cement in sand and clay, and occasionally some iron complexes. Because these soils continuously absorb water and expand, lose water and contract over a long period of time, resulting in cracks on the ground. In addition, the rain washes and flows along the cracks. Over time, the cracks gradually deepen, widen and extend, and the soil columns gradually reveal and increase, thus forming soil forests. There are quartz, agate, etc. on the earth column. When they are exposed, they shine strangely under the sun.

Soil forest is formed by the action of external forces (mainly water flow) in nature, which has experienced millions of years. Soil forest is a special form of loss landforms, a strange natural geographical phenomenon, which is formed by various terrain structure, composition material, tectonic movement, hydrology and climate, soil mass force and hydrodynamic force and other comprehensive factors.

Earthquake impact

A roar of stuffy sound, as if a bomb had been put, the ground at the foot of a violent shaking. In front of me, before I could see the shape of a pillar in the forest, it collapsed and raised a piece of dust. On the afternoon of August 31, 2008, the second earthquake occurred in tulin, Yuanmou. Qiao Pengyun, deputy general manager of Yuanmou earth forest scenic spot, said with regret that this earth forest has a history of 1.5 million years, and it must have experienced earthquakes in history, but none of them had a serious impact on this earthquake

.

On August 30, 2008, there was an endless stream of tourists in the tulin scenic area. A group of 50 tourists from Beijing and Chongqing was going to hold a lively bonfire party here. At about 16:30, just as these passengers were playing in the scenic area, the earthquake happened. At that time, Qiao Pengyun was in the tourist reception center of the scenic spot. After hearing several loud noises, he soon found that the scenic spot was full of dust.

"No, there are tourists in it!" The first time, Qiao Pengyun (Scenic workers) realized that this is the earthquake, but also thought of the safety of tourists in the scenic area. The earth forest is full of towering earth pillars. The sun exposure makes these earth pillars extremely hard, and the tourist passage passes under these earth pillars. If the collapsed earth pillars and clods hit the tourists, the consequences will be unimaginable.

Later, it was found that two earth caves for passengers in and out of the tulin scenic area were blocked by collapsed earth and rock blocks.

Perhaps the luckiest tourist is this team of more than 50 people. At that time, these tourists were taking a group photo in front of a scenic spot called Xiaoxitian. "If it's a team of several people, the speed must be faster. According to the itinerary, they are estimated to be in cave 1." Because of the large number of people and the slow speed, the team was lucky to avoid a disaster

Chinese PinYin : Yuan Mou Tu Lin