Nandagang wetland

Nandagang wetland

Cangzhou is located in the coastal plain, with many rivers. More than 20 rivers converge into the sea in 9 places. The total water storage capacity of rivers, reservoirs, ponds and trunk and branch canals is 480 million cubic meters, and many depressions are wet, among which Nandagang wetland is the most prominent one.

brief introduction

Nandagang wetland is located in 38 ° 23 ′ - 38 ° 33 ′ N and 117 ° 18 ′ - 117 ° 38 ′ E. Located in the northeast of Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, close to the Bohai Sea, it is a famous coastal wetland of regressive river sedimentation type, which is composed of meadow, swamp, water body, wildlife and other ecological elements. Cangzhou is located in the coastal plain, with many rivers. More than 20 rivers converge into the sea in 9 places. The total water storage capacity of rivers, reservoirs, ponds and main branch canals is 480 million cubic meters. There are many lake wetlands, among which Nandagang wetland is the most prominent one. As a part of Nandagang farm, Nandagang wetland is a provincial nature reserve, as well as a student practice base and graduate research base of geography College of Hebei Normal University.

Overview of scenic spots

The highest elevation of Nandagang wetland is 5.4 meters, and the lowest is 2.9 meters. It is divided into lagoon depression, shallow trough depression, hillock and high flat. 90% of the vegetation is Phragmites australis. There are more than 60000 trees around Hong Kong, 10 meters wide and 30 kilometers long. Nandagang wetland has complete natural ecological resources. It is a coastal compound wetland with a comprehensive temperate coastal wetland system and good original ecology and biodiversity. There are 140 species of plants belonging to 47 families in the reserve; 251 species of wild birds belonging to 38 families and 14 orders have been found by experts, among which 8 species are under the first-class national protection, including white stork, black stork, white shoulder carving, Red Crowned Crane, white headed crane, white crane, Chinese merganser, great bustard, etc.; 24 species are under the second-class national protection, including white swan, grey crane, white naped crane, etc.; 219 species are other wild birds; there are dozens of fish And a variety of algae and plankton; and fox, badger, weasel, rabbit, mole, snake, frog and other dozens of terrestrial animals also live here.

Nandagang wetland has not been developed until 2017. The whole wetland is under closed management, and few tourists are interested in it. Therefore, it has maintained its original natural state and biodiversity. Spring and autumn are the migration seasons of all kinds of migratory birds. Due to its unique ecological environment, it has become the intersection area of different routes of migratory birds from north to south. This is the intersection of the North-South migration zone and the East-West migration zone of migratory birds. A large number of white swans come here every year. In order to protect reed vegetation, fish, birds and port slope animals in the reservoir, a 6-meter-wide and 4-meter-deep channel around the port has been excavated along the port to ensure seasonal water storage and water capacity in the regulation area. In the Wetland Nature Reserve, the view is broad, the eyes are green in midsummer, and the air is fresh, which makes people relaxed and happy.

Nandagang farm is built around Nandagang wetland, which is one of the nine agricultural pastures in Hebei Province. It has unique aquaculture industry, China's largest superfine sheep breeding base, rose fragrant vineyard and crisp and delicious winter jujube tree, forming the scale of agricultural industrialization. To the northeast of Nandagang farm is Nandagang farm reservoir, which was built in 1972 and located at the top of Bohai Bay. The wetland connects the west coast of the Bohai Sea, and one of the three existing ancient shell dikes in the world can be seen (the other two are located in St. Louisiana of the United States and Sri Lanka of Chile on the east coast of the Pacific Ocean). Its development scale, time span and the geological paleoenvironmental information contained in it are rare, and play an important role in the international Quaternary geological research. Yingdi city site in the north of Huanghua city is a key cultural relic protection unit in Hebei Province and the only way to the wetland reserve.

Geography and climate

Nandagang wetland is located in warm temperate semi humid continental monsoon climate zone. The four seasons are distinct, and the main climatic feature is the same period of rain and heat. In spring, there is less rain and more wind, cool and dry, quick return to temperature and great evaporation; in summer, it is hot and humid, rainy and high temperature weather occurs from time to time; in autumn, the sky is clear, the wind is slightly cool, the temperature drops quickly, and the temperature difference between day and night is large; in winter, it is cold and less snow, dry, accompanied by cold wave, and more northwest wind blows. The annual average temperature in this area is 12.7 ℃, and the annual temperature drop is small, but the annual range is large. The average temperature in January is - 4. The average temperature is 26. The annual solar radiation is 128. The annual average precipitation is 557. 4 mm. The average annual precipitation is 604.7mm, the precipitation in 1964 is 1343.5mm, and the precipitation in 1968 is only 247.1mm. The annual precipitation is highly concentrated in summer, and the precipitation from July to August accounts for more than 75% of the annual precipitation.

Rare animals

stork

Also known as Oriental White Stork, it is a first-class protected animal in China and listed in the appendix of cites. It inhabits in open plains, forest grasslands, lakes, ponds and marshes, and Nandagang wetland is especially suitable for its survival. The white stork is slender, with a body length of 1200 mm, wings of more than 600 mm, a straight mouth of 210 mm, a long neck and legs, and a male tarsus of 245 mm. In addition to the breeding season, other seasons group activities, quiet, alert, in case of abnormal can use the upper and lower beak beat sound threat. Flying fast, migratory birds. It feeds on fish, frogs, small rodents, nestlings, molluscs, crustaceans and insects. Red Crowned Crane, also known as crane, white crane and greyhound, is a national first-class protected animal. There are many appellations for Red Crowned Crane in Chinese ancient books and documents, such as "Er Ya Yi" called it Xianqin, and "compendium of Materia Medica" called it fetal bird. Red Crowned Crane is a kind of crane, which is named for its red meat crown on its head. It is a unique bird species in East Asia. Because of its elegant posture and distinct color, it has the meaning of auspiciousness, loyalty and longevity in the culture of this region. Red Crowned Crane has the characteristics of crane, namely three long - mouth long, neck long, leg long. In addition to the black neck and the back end of the feather, the adult bird is white all over, and the skin on the top of the head is naked and bright red. The young have brown plumage and yellow beak. The color of the sub adult's feather is dim, and the red color of the naked area on the head becomes more and more bright after 2 years old. The Adult Red Crowned Crane molts twice a year, summer in spring and winter in autumn. It belongs to complete molting and will temporarily lose its flight ability.

Chinese merganser belongs to ornitha, anserina, Anatidae, also known as squama merganser, oil duck, tangqiusha. It is a species that survives after the tertiary glacial period. It has been more than 10 million years ago. It is known as the living fossil of birds. Its distribution area is very narrow and the number is extremely rare. There are only less than 1000 birds in the world. It is a rare bird in China and belongs to the first-class national protected animal. In 1864, the British collected a male duckling specimen in China and named it "Chinese merganser". Because this kind of duck takes the natural tree hole as its nest, some people call it "the duck who will go up the tree". It has been listed in IUCN and ICBP.

Economic Specialty

winter jujube

It is also called yanlaihong and pingguozao. It is a late ripening and fresh variety of spinless jujube. Dongzao fruit is large, nearly round, 2.9-3.2 cm in diameter, thin skin, small core, juicy, tender, crisp, sweet, slightly sour, round or oblate, ochre red, average single fruit weight 17.5 g, the largest single fruit weight 35 g, jujube nucleus is spindle shaped. Dongzao is rich in nutrition. It contains 19 kinds of essential amino acids such as aspartic acid, threonine and serine. In addition, it also contains many kinds of trace elements such as vitamin A, vitamin E, potassium, sodium, iron and copper. It has the function of keeping capillary smooth and preventing the increase of vascular wall brittleness. It has curative effect on hypertension and atherosclerosis, and has the effect of preventing cancer. The nutritional value is the highest among all kinds of fruits, known as "king of all kinds of fruits". Grape Nandagang wetland is rich in grapes. It is the fruit of grapevine, a deciduous vine, and one of the oldest plants in the world. Grapes are not only delicious, but also have high nutritional value. Mature grapes contain 15% - 25% glucose, calcium, potassium, phosphorus, iron and other minerals, a variety of vitamins B1, B2, B6, C and P, as well as a variety of amino acids needed by human body. Eating grapes often is beneficial to neurasthenia and fatigue. After the grapes are made into raisins, the contents of sugar and iron will be relatively high, which is a good tonic for women, children and the weak and anaemic. It has the functions of tonifying liver and kidney, replenishing qi and blood, appetizing power, producing fluid and diuresis.

environmental crisis

There is a big crisis

Due to the reduction of precipitation, ecological damage and other factors, there is a great crisis in Nandagang wetland. Since 1950, the area of wetlands in Hebei Province has decreased year by year, and more than 90% of them have disappeared. Experts believe that there are many reasons for the decline of wetlands. The annual precipitation in this area is decreasing year by year. Since 1950, the average annual precipitation in the whole province has decreased by nearly 120 mm. At the same time, the water consumption of production and living has increased sharply, far exceeding the affordability of water resources, which can only be maintained by overexploitation of groundwater, resulting in the rapid decline of groundwater level. Most of the more than 400 rivers in Hebei Province dried up, resulting in the gradual decline of wetlands

Chinese PinYin : Nan Da Gang Shi Di