Chahar Folk Museum

Chahar Folk Museum

Chahar folk custom museum is located at the south foot of Laohushan Park, Jining District, Wulanchabu City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It echoes with Jining campaign Museum and is a landscape embellishing Laohushan ecological park. The main hall of the museum is designed as a three storey building. The design style fully reflects the characteristics of Hal culture, organically combines the traditional Mongolian Yuan culture with modern cultural concepts, and at the same time tries to avoid the secular "Mongolian Yuan culture" unit expression and "Symbolization". It can meet the needs of cultural collection protection and is a beautiful scenic spot for tourism and leisure.

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Chahar folk custom museum is located in the southern foot of Laohushan, Jining District, Wulanchabu City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. It echoes with Jining campaign Museum and is a landscape embellishing Laohushan ecological park. The Museum covers an area of 24267 square meters, the main building area is 4687 square meters, and the building area of ancillary facilities is more than 7000 square meters. The main hall of the museum is designed as a three-story building, with the central hall as the axis, left-right symmetry, reasonable layout, and a total construction area of 4096.06 square meters. The design style fully reflects the characteristics of Hal culture, organically combines the traditional Mongolian Yuan culture with modern cultural concepts, and at the same time tries to avoid the "Symbolization" of the "Mongolian Yuan culture" unit expression, which can meet the cultural collection requirements It is a beautiful scenic spot for tourism and leisure.

The construction of Chahar folk custom museum started in May 2010 and was completed in October 2011. The content scheme design of the museum started in January 2012, and the decoration and Exhibition construction started in April 2012. In October 2012, the decoration and exhibition project was completed and the museum opened.

Overview of the exhibition hall

Chahar Folk Custom Museum covers an exhibition area of 3200 square meters, with a collection of more than 3000 cultural relics. It is divided into six exhibition areas and a central hall, including life customs, historical evolution, farming culture, horseback culture, ancient city charm, culture and art.

Central Hall

When you enter Chahar Museum, you first enter the central hall (i.e. the preface hall). The central hall is like a yurt structure, with a dome at the top and a Hana fan structure composed of steel pipes on both sides. The central circular wall is a large relief reflecting the history and culture of Chahar. In the center of the hall is a group of group sculptures with a close-up of the army and people of Chahar. Under the sculpture is a map of the eight banners of Chahar. From the central hall to the left, you can enter the exhibition area of life and customs through the saddle door. The first thing you can see is the scene of grassland life. The living custom area mainly displays the basic necessities of life of Chahar people, and contains a large number of cultural relics such as yurts, Leche, clothing, headgear, accessories, and daily utensils.

Historical evolution area

The historical evolution area mainly introduces the origin of Chahar, the formation of Chahar and the historical evolution of Chahar. It also introduces the surname, historical celebrities and geographical changes of Chahar, and restores the Jining Road site of Yuan Dynasty. There are five sculptures, Genghis Khan, Dayan Khan, lindan Khan, ManduHai and mingantu.

Agricultural culture area

Through the historical evolution area, we enter the farming culture area. The farming culture area introduces the reclamation of Chahar area, the formation of Mongolian farming villages, the scene of farmland and autumn harvest, the restoration of Chahar dwellings one by one, and equipped with a large number of farming tools.

Horseback cultural area

On the second floor, you enter the horseback culture area. The horseback culture area introduces the habits and walking posture of horses, and introduces the production processes of horse harness, horse mane beating, horse sweat scraping, horse paw nailing, horse branding, felt rolling and wool shearing. And with a large number of cultural relics related to horseback culture.

Ancient city heritage area

Passing through the restored gate of Jining ancient city, you can enter the relic area of the ancient city. This area reproduces the commercial street of Jining ancient city, with grain shops, silk shops, traditional Chinese medicine shops, mountain goods shops and other antique buildings. Camels, merchants and furniture of Ming and Qing Dynasties gather here.

Culture and Art District

Through the gallery of the coin exhibition hall, you can enter the culture and art area. The first area is the religious sacrifice area. There are real Obo, the platform for offering sacrifices to Genghis Khan, and the cultural relics of Shamanism and Lamaism. The culture and art area also introduces the wedding custom culture, etiquette culture, funeral culture, taboo culture, ecological culture in graphic and multimedia ways, and is equipped with a large number of cultural and art supplies.

Chahar folk custom museum comprehensively uses a variety of artistic techniques to systematically and comprehensively display the traditional folk culture of Chahar. It displays many cultural relics, expresses a wide range of knowledge, and explains deep principles. Each decoration detail fully reflects the characteristics of Chahar Mongolian cultural elements and the integration of Mongolian and Chinese cultures. The layout of the exhibition content is ingenious, and the exhibition route is scientific and reasonable.

Location area

Chahar Folk Museum is located in the middle of Xinggong Road, south of Laohushan mountain, Jining District, Wulanchabu City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, north of Xinggong road and west of ecological road.

Chahar culture

Chahar culture is an important part of grassland culture, which is the mainstream of Mongolian grassland culture in history. The grassland culture with the characteristics of Chahar Mongolian culture and the Yellow River culture blend with each other, creating a broad spirit and long-standing cultural heritage for today's Ulanqab.

The origin of Chahar

According to Mongolian literature, "Chahar" is an ancient Turkic language, which means "bodyguard of Khan's Palace". Chahar tribe of ancient Mongolia, which was originally stationed in Altai Mountain and flourished in Ming Dynasty, became the center of all Mongolian tribes. Its Khan was the "common leader" of all Mongolian tribes and inherited the Mongolian Khan position. In the Ming Dynasty, there were eight "aimaks" in Chahar: Aohan, Naiman, Sunit and ujmuqin, which were called the four Chahar etuks in the south of the five ridges (or aimaks), and the four Chahar etuks in the north of the five ridges were called the four Chahar etuks in the five ridges (or aimaks). They are collectively referred to as eight Chahar tribes (etok) and ten thousand households (one of the thirty thousand households on the left wing of Mongolia).

Chahar tribe is the descendant of Tulu borote, the eldest son of Dayan Khan. In the period of lindan Khan, Chahar tribe returned to the Qing Dynasty in 1632. EZHEN, the son of lindan Khan, was named prince, higher than other 49 banners in Inner Mongolia. Zasak banner was set up in Chahar department, which was located in Yizhou of Jinzhou. In March of the 14th year of Kangxi (1675), bulni, the grandson of lindan Khan, took advantage of the "San Francisco rebellion" in the south of the Yangtze River and joined forces with Zamu mountain, king of Naiman Banner, to rebel against the Qing Dynasty, but other Mongolian princes refused to participate. In May, Emperor Kangxi sent Mongolian troops to attack Chahar, and bulni died. In July, the four left wing banners of Chahar were lowered and the remaining troops were defeated. Since then, the Qing Dynasty set up pastures in the original pasture of Chahar, and moved the remaining people of Chahar to nomadic areas outside Xuanhua, Datong, and Zhangjiakou. The zasak Banner System of the Mongolian princes of Chahar was abandoned and changed into the Eight Banners general banner system, which was divided into East and West wings. Eight general banners were set up (with yellow, yellow, and white as the upper three banners; red, white, red, blue, and blue as the lower five banners). The four banners of yellow, white, white and blue are on the left, so they are called the left; the four banners of yellow, red, red and blue are on the right, so they are called the right), and they are under the jurisdiction of Chahar Dutong who was filled by Manchu people. Chahar city was established in Zhangjiakou, and two other central ranches were set up, namely Daligang AI ranch and Shangdu ranch.

The emperor of Qing Dynasty moved Chahar Mongols to all parts of Mongolia in the form of scattered garrison. Therefore, nine Mongols and 38 banners from Xing'an Mountains to Tianshan mountains all had Chahar Mongols.

Chahar ancient town site

In addition to the Shangdu site of the Yuan Dynasty, there are also some ancient town sites in Chahar, such as miaozigou, Lihua Town, rouxuan Town, Huaihuang Town, kelimeng Town, Huanzhou Town, Siying Town, Jining Road Town, Xinghe Road Town, hanyuandian Town, chahanbulang town and guangyilong Town, which are of great archaeological value.

1. Miaozigou

Miaozigou is located in the west slope of the south of miaozigou village in wulaha Wula Township in the right front banner of Chahar. It is adjacent to the hilly land of Feng town in the South and Huangqihai in the north. From 1985 to 1987, the Inner Mongolia Institute of cultural relics and Archaeology excavated a large area of the site. A total of 51 houses, 43 tombs, 132 pits (ash pits) and more than 1000 pieces of pottery, stone, bone and other cultural relics were excavated.

The house site is a semi cavernous building, which is roughly facing east and back to west, and distributed in rows from north to south. The plane is a rounded rectangle, the depth is greater than the shoulder width, and most of them are made of wood bone and mud walls. It is made of yellow and white grass mixed with mud, hard and smooth. There is a round or rounded square Kang in the middle entrance of the room. There are generally 5-9 column holes in the inner side of the wall. There are two kinds of gateways: slope type or ladder type.

Tombs crisscrossed around the house site. Most of the tombs are single and side body burials, especially the pocket cave and the stove pit are almost folded together. There are more than 10 pieces of human bones and a few pieces of pottery pieces. Some children and women wear rings or clams.

There are three types of pottery: sand, mud and sand. Red and brown pottery is the most, followed by gray and red pottery, and black pottery is very few. The main decorative pattern is fly pattern, followed by additional pile pattern, and a small amount of painted pottery, stamp pattern, scratch pattern and checkerboard pattern. There are red color, black color and purple color in the painting, and some use complex color and inner color. The painted pattern is geometric pattern composed of network, triangle, fish scale and parallel curve, and the making method is flat. Its shape includes pot, bowl, basin, funnel

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