Shuanglin iron tower

Shuanglin iron tower

Shuanglin iron tower is now located in Shuanglin temple at the foot of yunhuang mountain in Yiwu, Zhejiang Province. It was cast by Zhu Hongji in 952, the second year of Guangshun in the late Zhou Dynasty. It is the earliest existing iron tower in China. Shuanglin iron tower was originally located in Shuanglin temple at the foot of yunhuang mountain in Tashan township. After the temple was destroyed, the iron tower moved back to the rebuilt Shuanglin Temple several times. It has 8 sides and 5 floors. It is of wood like structure and pavilion style. One of them was destroyed by the war. Today, only two stories are left in this building, with a residual height of 2.15 meters. There are 8 sides of cast iron fence around. The body of the tower is cast with figures, animals, Buddha statues, flowers, water waves and other patterns. In addition to local rust, it is still dark and shiny.

brief introduction

Shuanglin iron tower is located at the foot of yunhuang mountain in Tashan township. According to the archaeological records of Shuanglin temple, it was cast in the second year of Guangshun (952). It was originally a wooden tower with eight sides and five floors. There are two existing floors with a residual height of 2.2m. Outside xumizuo there are eight fences with cast flowers. Xumizuo is decorated with animals, Buddha statues, flowers and patterns symbolizing nine mountains and eight seas.

On the first floor of the pagoda, there are gates on four sides, and on the other four sides, there are nine statues of Buddha. On the second floor, there are 196 statues of Buddha. Each layer is decorated with a dragon. The eaves of the pagoda stretch gently, under which Dougong, rafters and tile ridges are cast, and the base plate of the Dougong is decorated with Buddha statues, with 32 statues on eight sides. Gourd on top of the tower.

history

Shuanglin temple in history was built in the era of "480 temples in the Southern Dynasties". The event can be traced back to songtou Dharma. Shuanglin iron tower is the treasure of Shuanglin temple. According to Mr. Feng zhilai of Yiwu, this dharma is Bodhidharma, an Indian monk who was the first ancestor of Chinese Zen Buddhism and the 28th ancestor of the Western Heaven for nine years. In the first year of Liang Dynasty (520 A.D.), Dharma met Fu Xi, who was 24 years old, at the Tangxia of Jiting. Twenty years later, Fu Xi became a famous monk who was admired all over the world, and had a Buddhist affinity with Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty. In 550 ad, Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty built Shuanglin temple.

Fu Dashi (497-569 AD), the founder of Shuanglin temple, was born in Jiting of Yiwu Buddhist hall. His name is Xi, and his word is Xuanfeng. He is also called Shanhui Dashi. Among the more than 2000 eminent monks who can be traced in the history of Chinese Buddhism, there are few people who can be called "great monks". He was also regarded as the corresponding body of Maitreya. He was the first person who advocated the integration of Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism. His thought of "natural wisdom, deep understanding of Mahayana" was one of the theoretical sources of Zen and other sects.

In the first year of Chen Taijian (569), when he passed away, he asked his disciples to divide his relic into two parts, one on the tomb and the other on the top of yunhuang mountain. In the fourth year of Taijian, Emperor Chen Xuan ordered Donghai Xuling to write an inscription for the grand master. In the fifth year, Emperor Xuan agreed to be the Dharma protector of Shuanglin temple. By the time of Emperor Wen of the Sui Dynasty, in the 16th year of kaihuang (595), Emperor Wen had sent greetings to master Huize, a disciple of the grand master. Later, he wrote to Shuanglin temple three times. During the reign of emperor Yang, Shuanglin temple still communicated with Chaoqian. This is about the heyday of Shuanglin temple under the management of the grand master and his disciples of all ages, "from the son of heaven to the common people, one by one to respond to the opportunity to popularize", "to measure people without quantity" and "to explain the Imperial Palace" (Fu's Re engraved postscript).

In the Five Dynasties, the Qian family, king of Wu and Yue, worshipped the Buddha and once welcomed the noble to sacrifice the spiritual bones in Qiantang. In the third year of the reign of emperor Yingzong of Song Dynasty (1066), the emperor granted the "Baolin Chan Temple" as a gift. At that time, the monk's house was still more than 200 Ying. In the second year of the Grand View of Emperor Huizong of Song Dynasty, the emperor granted 10 hectares of farmland. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Shuanglin temple was listed as the eighth of the five mountains and ten temples. To the Yuan Dynasty, Shuanglin temple also received dozens of Japanese monks. This is about the resurgence period of Shuanglin temple. Together with its early prosperity, people call it "Shuanglin temple is the great temple in eastern Zhejiang". The preface to the restoration of Shuanglin temple in Ming Dynasty says that "Wushang upstream, Shuanglin ancient temple, is the most solemn one in the Sinian kingdom". In the Qing Dynasty, Shuanglin iron tower was rebuilt, still known as "Shuanglin temple, the third in the world and the first in Jiangsu and Zhejiang".

Shuanglin temple is the third largest in the world and the first in Jiangsu and Zhejiang. It is also called the Taoist temple of chengbuxu. According to the genealogy, the old man has four sons and eighteen grandchildren. In his later years, he is good at giving alms. In Guangshun (951 A.D.), when he saw that liangmu must have broken down, he would not take the iron tower as the town Later generations saw that the pagoda was damaged, but the temple was not abandoned because of the repair. "So they donated money to the Jiugong in the mountain gate, chiseled two pools to cast iron towers, and erected them to stand against the treasure temple, with the remaining iron to smelt 18 statues of arhat.".

The iron tower reconstruction of Zhu's great genealogy in puxu recounts that "the ground gradually subsides, but the tower gradually knocks, and the monks fear that the drum will fall and damage, so the reconstruction can't be done. If it's demolished and erected again, the labor cost is huge. It's not his master's legacy to collect money from other countries. There are descendants of Luohan people, who are responsible for helping the Silver Valley to win together." it also says: "there are stone boxes at the bottom of the tower, and between them there are gold smelting Guanyin and iron casting Luohan."

During the period of the Republic of China, the Japanese invaders invaded China and Yiwu was occupied one after another. The Japanese invaders found the tower of Tang Dynasty in Shuanglin temple, which is a unique treasure. They coveted the pagoda and showed their ferocity. They plundered and hijacked the tower and wanted to steal it. They demolished it and transported it to Yiting station. At that time, the Japanese invaders were defeated and were not detained on the platform.

characteristic

The old fellow China's twin tower is the oldest tower in China in the five generation of the two weeks (952 years). It is the oldest tower in China. It is listed as the Chinese treasure by the relevant departments. The tower is eight sides and five stories, and is five meters high. It is contracted from bottom to top, and is exquisitely shaped and show ingenuity. Because of the war chaos, there are only two stories of the tower, one tower, one tower and one fence. The residual height is 2.15m. Among them, there are 36 Buddha statues on one floor, 128 Buddha statues on the other floor. A statue of Buddha is set between the Dougong and the Dougong. The sea waves are turbulent, the Dragon sprays water, the king of heaven soars the waves, the God soars the auspicious clouds, the horned beast Zuo Ma and so on. It is vivid, the tower structure is rigorous, and the craft is exquisite. Although it has been eroded by wind and rain for more than a thousand years, the tower body is still black and shiny, which is amazing. It is a fine Buddhist art and also a study of ancient casting The precious historical materials of Arts and crafts. Cultural relic experts believe that such a long-standing iron tower with exquisite patterns is the only one in China. Only this thousand year old pagoda confirms the thousand year old temple.

Metal towers as buildings rose in the period of Five Dynasties and ten states. Due to the limitation of casting technology and cost, they never flourished. Only a certain number of iron towers were cast in song and Ming Dynasties. Metal towers as handicrafts are much more common. They are mostly made of precious metals such as gold and silver, with exquisite modeling and exquisite description of architectural details. They are ancient Chinese metal casting art The representative of. Therefore, the cultural and artistic value of Shuanglin iron tower made in that era is even more precious.

protect

Shuanglin temple, built in Nanliang, is famous for its 15 century history. Shuanglin temple has a large scale in history. In the Northern Song Dynasty, there were more than 1200 monks' houses and more than 2000 monks and nuns. It was known as "the most solemn in the Sinian kingdom", and "the third in the world and the first in Jiangsu and Zhejiang". In the song Dynasty, it was listed as one of the five mountains and ten temples in the jungle. According to the records of the Provincial Bureau of cultural relics, Shuanglin temple was built 55 years earlier than Guoqing temple in Tiantai, Zhejiang Province.

What can best illustrate the long history of Shuanglin temple is that the remnant Shuanglin iron tower was originally located in Shuanglin temple at the foot of yunhuang mountain. After the temple was destroyed, it moved back to Shuanglin Temple several times, and finally moved back to Shuanglin temple in 1990. In history, there are many eminent monks in Shuanglin temple. Fu Dashi is one of the most stubborn monks in the history of Chinese Buddhism. He is the pioneer of kaidamo's eastward journey and the main founder of the integration of Buddhism, Taoism and Confucianism. It is said that his image is "Daoguan, Rulu, shicasao, hehe, three schools as one". His theory embodies the basic spirit of Chinese Zen. During the Tang and Song Dynasties, some Japanese monks came to Shuanglin. After the Yuan Dynasty, more Japanese monks came to Shuanglin temple. Shuanglin monks also went to Japan to preach, the most famous of which was Mingji Chujun, the eminent monk of Yuan Dynasty. In the second year of Tianli (1329 AD), Emperor Wenzong of the Yuan Dynasty, at the invitation of Japanese Buddhist circles, traveled to Japan with Zhu Xianfan to promote the Chinese style of Zen. He was good at poetry and had a great influence on Japan, many of which are still in circulation.

Scope of protection: take Shuanglin iron tower as the center of circle and take 5m long as the radius of circle.

Construction control zone: Taking Shuanglin iron tower as the center, the construction control zone is within 20 meters of the extension of the protection scope.

Address: Yiwu, Jinhua, Zhejiang

Longitude: 120.06864929199

Latitude: 29.208827972412

Chinese PinYin : Shuang Lin Tie Ta