Baohua mountain

Baohua mountain

Baohuashan National Forest Park is located in the northwest of Jurong City, Jiangsu Province, bordering on Nanjing, in the south of 312 national highway, north of Huning Expressway, 30 kilometers away from Jurong, Nanjing and Zhenjiang. It is 10 kilometers away from Xiashu Town, Jurong City. The original name of Baohua mountain was Huashan, which got its name because of the yellow flowers in spring. Later, Baozhi, an eminent monk of the Liang Dynasty in the southern and Northern Dynasties, came here to preach in the nunnery, so it changed its name to Baohua mountain. Baohuashan Forest Park is known as "the beauty of forest foothills, the beauty of mountains, the depth of caves and valleys, the beauty of haze". It was approved as a "provincial nature reserve" by the provincial government in 1984 and a National Forest Park in April 1996. In 2003, it was approved as a national AAAA scenic spot.

Scenery introduction

Baohua mountain lies on the Bank of the Yangtze River. It is the second peak of the Ningzhen mountain range. It is connected with Zhongshan and Qixia mountains in Nanjing in the West. It is majestic, straight and magnificent with "iron urn in the East, Jinling in the west, ququ in the South and Dajiang in the North". Baohua mountain, formerly known as Huashan, is full of yellow wild flowers in midsummer. The founder of the mountain, Baozhi, an eminent monk of the Liang Dynasty in the Southern Dynasty, climbed the mountain and preached in an nunnery. After the death of Baozhi, Huashan was changed into Baohua mountain. Baohua mountain has a long history. The dingshadi site at the foot of the mountain is nearly 7000 years ago. A large number of stone tools, bone ware, pottery and other objects have been unearthed. It is a "new cultural heritage of early Ningzhen area".

"The water stone does not move, the mountain is still and the clouds fly.". Baohua mountain, which has been handed down from Buddhism, has a beautiful scenery of "two dragons, four pools, seven terraces, nine caves and twelve springs". It integrates "the beauty of forest foothills, the beauty of mountains, the depth of caves and valleys, and the beauty of haze". Walking in the mountains is like walking in a fairyland.

The "fog sea" of Baohua mountain is no less than that of Huangshan Mountain. The Milky haze is thick and thin, unpredictable; thick as catkins, light as smoke, peaks and temples, sometimes looming and sometimes appearing; like the mysterious veil of a young girl, like the nine immortals floating in the world; the streams are murmuring, the pines are singing harmoniously, the warblers are singing and swallowing, all of which are intoxicated in the appropriate haze. Emperor Qianlong had six Baohua mountain, issued a heartfelt sigh: "Baohua deep show, ask the way I have." Kangxi also came to visit for several times, giving money and things, not stinging with ink treasures.

Baohuashan National Forest Park has a forest coverage rate of 92%. The ancient trees are towering, the leaves are thick and green, the roots are curly, the grass is hairy, and the fallen trees are colorful. There are many rare trees on the mountain, such as Tilia, ginkgo, purple orchid and so on. Among them, "Baohua Magnolia" is unique to Baohua mountain. The flowers are as big as lotus and as white as snow, and they compete with each other in the preaching period. The rich fragrance and graceful posture of the flowers bring a warm and kind feeling to the believers.

Baohua mountain occupies a very important position in the history of Buddhism in China. Longchang temple in the mountain has gone through more than 1500 years of vicissitudes and is the largest preaching center in China. Therefore, Baohua mountain is known as "the first famous mountain of Luzong".

Standing at the peak of Baohua mountain, the Buddhist Scripture worship platform looks to the north, but you can see that the Yangtze River is like a belt, and the northern Jiangsu Plain is vast with smoke trees; to the west, Qixia mountain and Tangshan mountain are as green as wash, and maple leaves are as picturesque; to the East, guzhenjiang river is as beautiful as two Jasper floating in the Yangtze River. "When you look at the Yunsong in the mountains, the Youxi in qu'an is more and more heavy; when you go through the forest for the sound of love spring, you don't know the bell in the smoke temple." This is a true portrayal of Baohua mountain.

Animals and plants

Baohua Magnolia: scientific name: Magnolia zenii Cheng, English Name: Baohua magnolia, Zen magnolia, subtropical plant. Its ancestors were born in the Cenozoic era 3 million years ago. They have gone through climate change and glacial catastrophe. They are known as "living specimens" for the study of natural history. Magnolia grandiflora is a "biological card" of Jiangsu Province. It is a small deciduous tree. It blooms in March. It has many large flowers and is shaped like a lotus. The petals are white, the base is purplish red, and the fragrance is rich. The leaves are hanging gall shaped and the bark is gray white. The flowers wither and bear seeds. The seeds are bright red and tightly wrapped in the long gray outer skin of the flower house. Most of the wood of Magnolia grandiflora is straight and meticulous, and is good for timber. Its flowers can make essence and make medicine and food.

Chinese Tiger Papilio: the wing span of Chinese Tiger Papilio is 45-55mm. On the front wing of yellow substrate, 8 thick black stripes like tiger spots are projected from the front wing to the back wing. The outer edge of the back wing is serrated and has a small tail process. The outer black belt is decorated with yellow and Red Crescent spots and blue round spots. Chinese Tiger Papilio is a butterfly collected by British entomologist leech from 1893 to 1894 on the South Bank of the Yangtze River in Hubei Province, China. It is distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Basin, extending to Henan and Shaanxi in the north and Zhejiang in the south. It is a rare butterfly in China. Because it appears before and after Jingzhe, it is also called Jingzhe butterfly. It appears in the south of Baohua mountain in April and may every year.

Myna: alias: Robin bunting, parrot bunting, Han Gao, Hua Hua. Bird class Passeriformes starling family myna birds, a general name, belongs to Passeriformes starling family birds, distributed in southern provinces of China. Myna is easy to raise, but also good at imitating human language or other sounds, deeply loved by people. Myna is a common bird in southern China. Living on the edge of plain villages, rural areas and mountain forests, they like to form groups. They often stand on the back of buffaloes, or gather on big trees, or stand on the ridge in rows. At dusk, they often dance in large groups in the air and roost after a moment of noise. Sleep in bamboo forest, big tree or reed Bush at night, and live together with other starlings or crows.

scenic spot

Copper Hall: the beams, buildings, buckets, windows, tiles, screens and couplets of the copper hall are made of fan copper. The back wall of the hall is inlaid with copper, so it is called the copper hall. Its form is Pavilion style, 2.3 Zhang high, with exquisite structure and exquisite carving. It is used for the statue of Guanyin in the hall. The four walls depict the Buddha, the emperor, the Buddha, the heaven and the human. In front of the hall, there are stone steps in and out, and the hall is symmetrical. It was created by Zen master shimiaofeng in the 33rd year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1605 A.D.), and the Zen mother, Empress Dowager CI Shenghuang, gave it 2000 taels of gold to help its success. The bronze hall is an important historic site in the temple. It has a history of more than 370 years and is now listed as a provincial cultural relic protection unit.

Wuliang Hall: it is distributed on the left and right sides of the copper hall. The left side is Manjusri Wuliang hall, and the right side is Puxian Wuliang hall. They are all Ming Dynasty buildings, 3.2 Zhang high, with three two-story pavilions, without beams and columns. The doors and windows are not made of one wood. The shape is imitated by wood, and the interior is replaced by bricks and tiles. The door and window heads are also carved with patterns such as cloud pattern and two dragons playing with pearls. It is also a cultural relic protection unit at the provincial level.

Scripture worship platform: located on the western mountain peak, there is a huge stone in the shape of a platform. It is also known as Huijun platform. It is said that it is the meeting place of emperor Liang Wu and Baozhi in Nanliang. "Baohua mountain records" says: "sitting here overlooking the Yangtze River like belt, Liuhe, Yizheng, Danyang, the smoke trees are ethereal, two green snail floating and sinking on the water is golden coke, looking back at Qixia, Niushou, Zhongfu Buddha's head wiping eyebrows, looming in the haze, clouds and emerald, it is a great view in the southeast." Nine caves: there are nine caves in the mountain, namely Chaoyin cave, Wulong cave, Baihu cave, Zhigong cave, Huanghua cave, pindong cave, Donghua cave, Xihua cave and GUSHENG cave. Among them, Wulong cave is unfathomable. Most of the caves are limestone caves.

Four pools: jiegong pool, lotus pool, dragon pool and Dragon King pool. There is a ring pool in front of the temple. It is said that the water in the pool is never exhausted all the year round, that it does not overflow in rainy years, and that it does not dry up in dry years.

Diaoyuji: in the northwest of the mountain, by the river, it is said that it is Wang Anshi's fishing place.

Jiangtai: at the foot of Panlong mountain, it was the place where Han Qi King (Han Shizhong) stationed his troops.

Palace: there was a palace in the temple. Kangxi and Qianlong lived here, but it was destroyed in the war of the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom.

Imperial stele Pavilion: it is located in front of wusheng temple. When Emperor Kangxi visited Baohua mountain in the south, it was exempted from Ding Qianliang in Jurong County 42 years ago, so the local people built this pavilion.

There are also a number of cultural relics in Baohuashan temple, such as the pillow and crutch used by the emperor, the word "goose" by Wang Xizhi, the painting by Tang Bohu, the word "Manjianghong" written by Yue Fei, and the "thousand people pot" cooked by rice for more than 1000 monks.

Baohua mountain is not only famous for the temple, but also has a unique and beautiful scenery. The temple is hidden in the mountain, such as calyx of flowers, room of lotus, green pines and cypresses around the temple, and nine caves and four pools in the mountain, which is profound and magical. The ancients called it the beauty of the forest foothills, the beauty of the mountains, the depth of the caves, known as the forty wonders. According to historical records, "its shape is comfortable and elegant, its potential is glorious and strict", the mountains rise, surrounded by peaks, ancient trees block out the sun, streams crisscross, green willows become shade, the clouds and mists are misty all the year round, and the climate is cool in midsummer, which is a summer resort.

In history, Baohua mountain was one of the areas rich in biological resources in the North subtropics. According to the survey, there are more than 500 species of plants, among which Magnolia grandiflora is a rare ancient tree species in China, known as living fossil. Many kinds of medicinal materials and precious woods grow naturally in the mountains. The government of Jiangsu Province has turned Baohua mountain into a mountain forest natural resource reserve.

There are 529 species of vascular plants belonging to 352 genera and 124 families in Baohua mountain. Among them, Magnolia grandiflora is an endemic tree species, which is a new generation three million years ago. There are wild species such as Phyllostachys heterocycla, Phyllostachys heterocycla, Pleioblastus amarus and Bambusa breviflora, which is called "Bamboo Sea". There are more than 20 kinds of mammals, such as jackals, wolves, roes, foxes, and nearly 100 kinds of birds, such as thrush, myna, egret and so on. nineteen

Chinese PinYin : Bao Hua Shan