Nan'ao Island

Nan'ao Island

Nan'ao Island is the only island county in Guangdong Province, with a total area of 113.8 square kilometers. It is composed of Nan'ao Island and 37 surrounding islands, including 111.44 square kilometers of main island and 4600 square kilometers of sea area. There are three towns on the island, namely Houzhai, yunao and Shenao, and two management committees, namely Qingao tourist resort and Nanao Island National Forest Park.

Nan'ao Island is the closest point of Guangdong Province to Taiwan Province, 162 nautical miles away from Kaohsiung. It is located in the center of the three major ports of Kaohsiung, Xiamen and Hong Kong. It has a unique geographical location. It is located at the junction of Guangdong, Fujian and Taiwan, and 7 nautical miles away from the main international route of the Western Pacific Ocean. It is known as "the throat of Guangdong and Fujian in the east of Guangdong"

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Nan'ao Island is an oasis in the South China Sea, with dense tropical plants and a high-quality harbor. It is a beautiful tourist island. From ancient times to the present, Nan'ao Island is a transit station for trade along the southeast coast, with 50000 square kilometers of fishing grounds nearby. There are 1400 tropical and subtropical plants on Nan'ao Island, and many wild animals live here. There is a bird island near the main island, which is a nature reserve for migratory birds. Nan'ao Island has unique tourism resources, port resources and aquatic resources, more than 50 cultural relics, more than 30 temples and 66 harbors.

Xiangshan Culture, about 8000 years ago, unearthed from Nan'ao Island, is the earliest Neolithic cultural remains in eastern Guangdong. The emperor of the Southern Song Dynasty, King Lu of the Southern Ming Dynasty, navigator Zheng He, national hero Qi Jiguang, Zheng Chenggong and Liu Yongfu all came to Nan'ao, leaving many historical sites such as ancient song wells, recruiting trees and xiongzhenguan

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Nan'ao Island has always been an important node of southeast coastal trade, and also a main channel for Taiwan and maritime trade. The Ming Dynasty ancient sunken ship "Nan'ao I" proves that Nan'ao used to be an important gateway of "maritime Silk Road". In 2014, it was approved by the Taiwan Affairs Office of the CPC Central Committee and the Taiwan Affairs Office of the State Council to set up a "Cross Strait Exchange base".

Historical evolution

There was human life on Nan'ao Island 8000 years ago. Chaoshan Nan'ao Xiangshan cultural site, about 8000 years ago, is a representative of the early Neolithic marine culture in southern China.

In the Shang Dynasty, it was in Nanyue. The Fubin cultural site in Raoping, Chaoshan, 3000 years ago, is a cultural relic of the Shang Dynasty.

The Western Zhou Dynasty and the spring and Autumn period were in the state of Yang Yue.

During the Warring States period, it was a place of Guangdong.

In the 6th year of Yuanding (111 BC) of the Western Han Dynasty, Nan'ao belonged to Jieyang County, Nanhai county.

After the Three Kingdoms, Jieyang was changed to Yangzhou, and Nan'ao still belonged to Jieyang county.

In 331, Nan'ao belonged to Jieyang County, Dongguan county.

In the ninth year of the reign of Jin Yixi (413), it was divided into Dongguan County, Jieyang county and liyi'an county. It had jurisdiction over sui'an, Haining, Haiyang, Chaoyang and Yizhao counties. Nan'ao belonged to sui'an and Haiyang counties.

In the 11th year of Emperor Wen of Sui Dynasty (591), the county was withdrawn to establish a state. The year after Yi'an County, it was renamed "Chaozhou". Nan'ao Island belongs to Chaozhou.

In 621, Yian county was called Chaozhou, and Nan'ao was Haiyang County of Chaozhou. In the first year of Tang Tianbao (742), Chaozhou was renamed Chaoyang County, and Nan'ao was subordinate to Chaoyang County and Haiyang county. In the first year of Qianyuan (758), Chaoyang County was renamed Chaozhou, and Nan'ao was Chaozhou Haiyang county.

In 945, Nan'ao still belonged to Haiyang County of Chaozhou.

In 1121, the third year of Xuanhe in the Northern Song Dynasty, 1132, 1279 and 1369, Nan'ao still belonged to Haiyang county.

Ming Chenghua 21 years (1485), home Raoping County, xinningdu, Nan'ao Chaozhou Prefecture Raoping County xinningdu. In the third year of Wanli (1575) of the Ming Dynasty, Nanao set up Zhang and Chao Deputy commanders, and Shenao was set up in the town. It was divided into Fujian and Guangdong battalions. Shenao and Longao belonged to Raoping County, Chaozhou Prefecture, Guangdong Province, while yunao and Qingao belonged to Zhaoan County, Zhangzhou Prefecture, Fujian Province. In 1576, Nan'ao town was established, belonging to Chaozhou Prefecture of Guangdong Province.

In the second year of Longwu (1646) of the Southern Ming Dynasty, Nan'ao belonged to Zheng Chenggong's vassal area (Zheng Chenggong was still in the zhengshuo year of Yongli reign), and Zheng Chenggong started from Nan'ao Island of Chaozhou prefecture to recover Taiwan

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In 1685, Nan'ao was promoted to be the commander-in-chief of the south of Fujian, Taiwan and eastern Guangdong. Nan'ao was still under the jurisdiction of Guangdong and Fujian.

In May of the 10th year of Yongzheng reign of Qing Dynasty, Bingzi (June 12, 1732) set up Nan'ao Hall of Raoping County, Chaozhou Prefecture.

In July 1912, Nan'ao hall was changed to Nan'ao County of Chaozhou.

In October 1914, the county was divided by Guangdong and Fujian, and was under the jurisdiction of Chaozhou, Guangdong Province.

February 13, 1918, Nan'ao earthquake, Shen'ao County leveled to the ground.

In 1927, the county was moved from Bunao to Longao (Houzhai).

geographical environment

Introduction to topography

Nan'ao Island is the main body of the only island county in Guangdong Province of China. Nan'ao County is the only county under the jurisdiction of Shantou City. It is composed of 37 large and small islands, with a land area of 130.90 square kilometers (of which the main island, Nan'ao Island, covers an area of 128.35 square kilometers) and a sea area of 4600 square kilometers. At present, Nan'ao County has more than 70000 permanent residents, and now governs three towns and two management committees. Nan'ao Island was originally a place of Fujian and Vietnam. In order to weaken Fujian and Vietnam, it was assigned to nan'yue in the Qin and Han Dynasties. It was assigned to Fujian in the Liang Dynasty of the Southern Dynasty. Nan'ao Island belonged to Fujian. It was again assigned to Chaozhou in the Sui Dynasty. At that time, it was called Yi'an county

It belongs to East Yangzhou.

Nan'ao Island is located in the sea of eastern Guangdong, the center of the three major ports of Kaohsiung, Xiamen and Hong Kong, and is close to the main international route of the Western Pacific Ocean. The coastline of Nan'ao Island is 77 km, and there are 66 harbors, including Yandun Bay, Changshan Bay and zhuqidu. It has the advantages of building deep-water ports and 10000 ton wharves to develop ocean transportation. Qingao Bay on Nan'ao Island is a gentle slope beach with fine sand, clear water and moderate salinity. It is an excellent natural bathing beach. It is one of the two A-class bathing beaches in Guangdong Province. It also has Huanghuashan National Forest Park known as "natural botanical garden" and Island Nature Reserve known as "migratory bird Paradise". It also has the first island wind farm in Asia. It also has a long history of the general headquarters and the Southern Song Dynasty There are more than 50 ancient wells, taizilou sites and many cultural relics, and more than 30 temples. They have the characteristics of "sea, history, temple and mountain". Blue sky, blue sea, green island, Jinsha and white wave are the main colors of Nan'ao's eco-tourism.

Geographical advantages

Due to its unique geographical location and abundant natural resources, Nan'ao has many practical and potential development advantages. First, superior location advantage. It is 160 nautical miles east of Kaohsiung, 97 nautical miles north of Xiamen and 180 nautical miles south of Hong Kong. It is located in the center of the three major ports of Kaohsiung, Xiamen and Hong Kong. It is only 7 nautical miles away from the main international route of the Pacific Ocean. It is known as the "Chaoshan barrier and the throat of Fujian and Guangdong"

. Historically, it was the necessary berthing point and transit station for trading in the southeast coastal area. It was an important channel for maritime trade and was known as "the land of maritime exchange". With the completion and opening of Beijing Kowloon Railway, Guangzhou Meizhou Shantou railway and Nan'ao sea crossing bridge, Nan'ao, as the second sea going point in South China, is becoming more mature, and its superior location advantage is increasingly apparent. Second, the long-standing advantage over Taiwan. Nan'ao is the most prominent part of Guangdong province close to Taiwan. The two places share the same language and customs. In history, they have very close contacts and have a long history of geographical and human relations. At present, there are more than 100000 South Australian compatriots in Taiwan, more than the population of the island. Every year, more than one third of the Taiwan ships going to Nan'ao for shelter, replenishment and trade account for Guangdong Province, which is an important window for Guangdong Province to work with Taiwan. Third, rich resources. Nan'ao has unique port resources, tourism resources and aquatic resources. The coastline of Nan'ao Island is tortuous, and the coastline coefficient ranks the first among the coastal cities and counties in Guangdong Province. There are 66 large and small harbors, including Yandun Bay, Changshan Bay, butao Bay, etc., which have the advantages of building a deep-water port and a 10000 ton berth. Yandun Bay is an excellent natural deep-water harbor with the most development value in eastern Guangdong and southern Fujian. It can build 100000 DWT berths and wharves. The first phase of its construction has been listed in the Ninth Five Year Plan of Guangdong Province. The tourism resources of Nan'ao have the characteristics of "sea, mountain, history and temple". The beach area for tourism development is more than 2 million square meters. Among them, Qingao Bay, known as "Oriental Hawaii", is a rare shallow beach in China, with clean sand and clean sea water. It is one of the two grade a bathing beaches in Guangdong Province. Nan'ao has a long cultural history and many cultural relics. At present, more than 50 cultural relics and more than 30 temples have been found. Nan'ao Island has a pleasant climate, four seasons like spring, beautiful scenery and mountains, which is an ideal place to build an international tourism and holiday base. There are 50000 square kilometers of fishing grounds near Nan'ao Island, which are rich in grouper, lobster, squid and other high-quality high-end aquatic products. There are more than 1300 species of fish, shrimp, shellfish and algae. The sea area within 10 meters of water depth along the island covers an area of 165.7 square kilometers, with good water quality and abundant plankton population, so large-scale mariculture can be developed. At present, marine cage culture has reached more than 5000 grids, abalone, sea pearl and shellfish culture has begun to take shape.

geographical position

Nan'ao Island is located in the subtropical zone, which is crossed by Tropic of cancer. Warm in winter and cool in summer, the marine climate is very pleasant, and the annual average temperature is only 21

Chinese PinYin : Nan Ao Dao