Zhibodiao group

Songgang blockhouse group

synonym

Zhibo blockhouse group generally refers to Songgang blockhouse group

Located in Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture of Sichuan Province, the Zhibo Bajiao ancient blockhouse group in Songgang, which means "GuanZhai at the mouth of Canyon" in Tibetan language, was built in the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty. There are three blockhouses in total, which are of stone and wood structure, and the whole is tapered from bottom to top.

Songgang blockhouses, one of the 43 meter high octagonal blockhouses, has been tilted 2.3 meters for more than half a century. It has survived three major earthquakes and is known as the Chinese version of "Leaning Tower of Pisa".

geographical position

Located in Zhibo village, Songgang Township, 17 km away from the county seat of markang, the scenic spot of Zhibo ancient eight horned blockhouses in Songgang County, which means "GuanZhai at the mouth of Canyon" in Tibetan, was built by the chieftain of Songgang in the Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty. Although it is a blockhouse group, there are three blockhouses. The blockhouses are of stone wood structure, octagonal, and the whole is tapered from bottom to top.

Among them, one is 29 meters high, the other is 41 meters high, and the other is disabled. As the third batch of cultural relic protection units announced by the provincial government, Jiarong area has the reputation of "hometown of a thousand blockhouses", but as a national cultural relic protection blockhouse is only this one.

Malkang County, Sichuan Province, has beautiful scenery. The famous TV play "dust settled" was shot here. In Zhibo village of markang County, there is a 43 meter high octagonal watchtower built during the reign of Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty. For more than half a century, it has been tilted by 2.3 meters and has survived three major earthquakes. It is known as the Chinese version of "Leaning Tower of Pisa".

Cultural relics protection

In July 2001, Zhibo Diaolou was recognized by the State Council as the fifth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Layout structure

Songgang blockhouses, built in Zhibo village in the middle of Qing Dynasty, are two octagonal blockhouses, 50 meters apart. They are made of stone and mud, with wooden stairs inside, round inside and octagonal outside. The inner diameter of nandiao is 8 meters, the length of each corner is 2.05 meters, the wall thickness is 0.95 meters, and the height is adjusted to 29 meters, with a total of 7 floors. The inner diameter of beidiao is 8.5 meters, the length of two sides of each corner is 2.15 meters, and the height is adjusted to 24.7 meters, with a total of 6 floors. There is a gate on the second floor. It is said that there is a tunnel connecting with the river.

The scale

Standing at the end of Songgang bridge, looking up at the two blockhouses, one stands on the ridge of the north mountain of the village, the other stands in the middle of the village, 50 meters apart. The blockhouse is made of stone and wood. The octagonal structure is tapered from bottom to top. One is 31 meters high, like a dust-free ink sword piercing the blue sky. The other is 28 meters high, like falling from the air and jade shoots piercing the air. The other two blockhouses are dilapidated.

When the two blockhouses confront each other, they can defeat all the troops. One man is in charge of the pass, and ten thousand men are not allowed to open it.

It is said that there is a secret passage in the double blockhouses, and there is a well at the bottom of the blockhouse to store grain for months.

The GuanZhai site on the opposite slope is the famous Tusi GuanZhai site in Songgang. At that time, the construction was magnificent, and the manpower and talent consumed were "the best of the four regions" at that time, which was known as "the second Potala Palace". Unfortunately, the fate of such a beautiful and magnificent building is the same as that of Afang palace, which was destroyed by a merciless fire. Today's incomplete double blockhouses and sites can also be regarded as a kind of witness for later generations to pay homage to the sunset.

Construction scale

Built in Zhibo village in the middle of Qing Dynasty, two octagonal blockhouses are 50 meters apart. They are made of stone and mud. There are wooden stairs inside, round inside and octagonal outside. The inner diameter of nandiao is 8 meters, the length of each corner is 2.05 meters, the wall thickness is 0.95 meters, and the height is adjusted to 29 meters, with a total of 7 floors. The inner diameter of beidiao is 8.5 meters, the length of two sides of each corner is 2.15 meters, and the height is adjusted to 24.7 meters, with a total of 6 floors. There is a gate on the second floor. It is said that there is a tunnel connecting with the river.

Introduction to scenic spots

Standing at the end of Songgang bridge, looking up at the two blockhouses, one stands on the ridge of the north mountain of the village, the other stands in the middle of the village, 50 meters apart. The blockhouse is made of stone and wood. The octagonal structure is tapered from bottom to top. One is 31 meters high, like a dust-free ink sword piercing the blue sky. The other is 28 meters high, like falling from the air and jade shoots piercing the air. The other two blockhouses are dilapidated. When the two blockhouses confront each other, they can defeat all the troops. One man is in charge of the pass, and ten thousand men are not allowed to open it. It is said that there is a secret passage in the double blockhouses, and there is a well at the bottom of the blockhouse to store grain for months.

The GuanZhai site on the opposite slope is the famous Tusi GuanZhai site in Songgang. At that time, the construction was magnificent, and the manpower and talent consumed were "the best of the four regions" at that time, which was known as "the second Potala Palace". Unfortunately, the fate of such a beautiful and magnificent building is the same as that of Afang palace, which was destroyed by a merciless fire. Today's incomplete double blockhouses and sites can also be regarded as a kind of witness for later generations to pay homage to the sunset.

Three types

According to the building materials, there are many kinds of Zhibo Diaolou, which can be divided into four types: stone building, rammed earth building, green brick building and concrete building.

According to the function, Zhibo Diaolou can be divided into three types: Zhonglou, julou and genglou.

Prosperous period

The construction of a large number of Diaolou with Chinese and Western characteristics is the most prominent change of Zhibo village in this period, and the numerous Diaolou has become a spectacular cultural landscape of Zhibo village. From the end of the 19th century to the 1940s, the development of watchtowers and villages in Kaiping was prosperous.

Zhibo Diaolou is a multi-storey building, which is much higher than ordinary dwellings, so it is easy to defend from the top. The walls of the Diaolou are thicker and stronger than ordinary dwellings, and they are not afraid of robbers' chiseling or fire attack. The windows of the Diaolou are smaller than those of the dwellings, with iron bars and window sashes, and iron windows outside. The four corners of the upper part of the Diaolou are generally built with overhanging fully closed or semi closed corner fortresses (commonly known as "swallow's nest"), in which forward and downward shooting holes are opened, so as to fight back the enemies who enter the village from a commanding height; at the same time, shooting holes are opened on the walls of each floor of the Diaolou, increasing the attack points of the residents in the building.

The upper part of Zhibo Diaolou is the most expressive. People make great efforts to use the dome, mountain flower, column and other architectural elements of foreign buildings, forming a thousand floor and thousand surface architectural style. According to the upper shape, Kaiping Diaolou can be divided into many styles, such as colonnade style, platform style, back desk style, overhanging style, Castle style and mixed style. These different architectural forms reflect the economic strength, aesthetic taste of the owner and the degree of influence of foreign architectural culture, which is the most fascinating place of Zhibo Diaolou.

Architectural modeling

Diaolou is octagonal outside, from bottom to top into a cone shape, made of stone and yellow mud masonry, the overall height of 43 meters. Inside the watchtower, there are 13 floors, each floor is paved with small logs, and people go up and down with wooden ladders. The bottom floor is completely closed. Doors are set on the second floor, and Tibetan windows are set on the third and fourth floors for daylighting and lookout. The surrounding area is full of Zhibo villagers.

Zhibo Diaolou is a multi-storey building, which is much higher than ordinary dwellings, so it is easy to defend from a commanding position; the walls of the Diaolou are thicker and stronger than ordinary dwellings, and they are not afraid of robbers' chiseling or fire attack; the windows of the Diaolou are smaller than the openings of the dwellings, with iron bars and sashes, and iron windows and doors. The four corners of the upper part of the Diaolou are generally built with overhanging fully closed or semi closed corner fortresses (commonly known as "swallow's nest"), in which forward and downward shooting holes are opened, so as to fight back the enemies who enter the village from a commanding height; at the same time, shooting holes are opened on the walls of each floor of the Diaolou, increasing the attack points of the residents in the building.

The upper part of Zhibo Diaolou is the most expressive. People make great efforts to use the dome, mountain flower, column and other architectural elements of foreign buildings, forming a thousand floor and thousand surface architectural style. According to the upper shape, Kaiping Diaolou can be divided into many styles, such as colonnade style, platform style, back desk style, overhanging style, Castle style and mixed style. These different architectural forms reflect the economic strength, aesthetic taste of the owner and the degree of influence of foreign architectural culture, which is the most fascinating place of Zhibo Diaolou.

Historical function

Prevent theft and waterlogging

The historical function of Diaolou is to avoid bandits. The terrain of Zhibo is low and the river network is dense, which often causes the worry of flood. In 1644, the society was in turmoil. Bandits often harassed the people. In order to protect the safety of the villagers, a watchtower was built in Zhibo village. This building is very strong, with two functions of flood control and anti-theft. Once there is a flood or disturbance by bandits, jingtouli village and adjacent villagers will go to ruiyunlou to take shelter. In 1884, the Tanjiang River was flooded, and many houses were flooded nearby. Zhibo villagers all survived because they boarded the watchtower in time.

Anti Japanese stronghold

Diaolou Zhibo Diaolou played a certain role in preventing Japanese aggressors in the later period of the Anti Japanese war. Among them, the south tower located in Zhibo village is the most famous. The building is 7 floors and 19 meters high, covering an area of 29 square meters. It is of reinforced concrete structure, with rectangular gun holes on each floor, and machine guns and searchlights on the sixth floor for the watchtower. During the Anti Japanese War, the self defense forces of situ's four townships were located here.

Underground activity place of the Communist Party

Many watchtowers in Zhibo played an active role in the revolutionary activities carried out by the party in various revolutionary stages. All kinds of revolutionary activities were studied and arranged in Diaolou. Therefore, the watchtower became the command center of the Anti Japanese and national salvation movement at that time, and played a role in the Anti Japanese and national salvation movement in Kaiping.

Tourism information

Zhibo ancient blockhouse group in Songgang

Songgang town, located 17 kilometers away from the county seat, was built in the early Qing Dynasty. It is composed of four ancient blockhouses with different styles and facing each other on both sides of the river. It is the fifth batch of national key cultural relics protection units. In Songgang town, 15 kilometers away from malkang County, there is a group of Songgang blockhouses

Chinese PinYin : Zhi Bo Diao Qun