Lushan rock paintings

Lushan rock paintings

Lushan rock paintings, located on the Lushan hills of Jianghe Township, Tianjun County, Haixi Prefecture, vividly reflect the ancient Qaidam culture. They not only have high artistic value, but also have high academic significance. They are provincial-level cultural relics protection units.

Brief introduction of cultural relics

Lushan rock painting is located in Lushan hill, Jianghe Township, Tianjun County, Haixi Prefecture, about 8 kilometers away from Jianghe township government. The hill is located on the right bank of the river, with an altitude of 3800 meters and a relative height of about 40 meters. In the south of the hill, the terrain is open and the water and grass are abundant. The rock paintings are scattered in the hill. There are more than 30 granodiorite silts on the south slope. The separate and unconnected rocks with faces are one area, totally 31 areas. The largest is the first area, with rock paintings of about 30 square meters and pictures of about 20 square meters. There are 158 individual images on it. The smallest rock painting is only a few centimeters long, with only one animal. The main contents of the painting are animals (mainly cattle, horses, deer, eagles, leopards and dogs), hunting, war, reproduction and Tibetan characters. It was carved in Wei Jin Sui Tang period (upper limit), Tubo Period (lower limit) or late Tang period. There are two kinds of striking techniques: the vertical striking method and the polishing method after the outline of the Yin line. In the summer of 1985, the Institute of cultural relics and Archaeology of Qinghai Province and the Fine Arts Department of Beijing Normal University cooperated in the investigation and research. In 1986, it was designated as a cultural relic protection unit at the provincial level. Lushan rock painting is located on Lushan hill in Jianghe Township, Tianjun County, Haixi Prefecture. In the south of the hill, the terrain is open, the water and grass are rich, and the rock paintings are scattered in the hill, a total of 31 areas.

In addition, three different forms of animal rock paintings were also found in dongshangen, about 4 km away from the lumanggou in Tianjun county. The whole scene reflects the scene of plateau animals living in groups in a realistic way. The time of rock painting was in the yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties when Buddhism was popular in the area.

Characteristics of rock paintings

Exquisite production techniques, unique drawing style, a wide range of performance content, including animals, characters, hunting, grazing, plants, dance and sex and so on. The animals in the picture are flexible and vivid, including birds, animals, horses, cattle, sheep and other livestock. Shooting pictures are vivid and vividly depict the hunting life of ancient ancestors.

The reproduction pictures in the rock paintings, with symbolism and profound implication, are treasures in Qinghai rock paintings. They show the witchcraft thinking of stimulating animal production, and also reflect the cultural concept of Tubo nationality.

There are 270 individual images in Lushan rock paintings, the largest of which is the first area. The rock paintings are about 30 square meters, and the pictures are about 20 square meters. There are 158 individual images on them. The smallest rock painting is only a few centimeters long, with only one animal. The painting is composed of animals, hunting, war, reproduction and Tibetan characters. It is later than yeniugou rock painting, and was carved in Wei Jin Sui Tang period (upper limit), Tubo Period (lower limit) or late Tang Dynasty. There are two kinds of striking techniques: the vertical striking method and the polishing method after the outline of the Yin line.

Most of the animals are cattle and deer. There are hunting cattle and static cattle in the form of cattle. In the production, the small head, big horn and husky are exaggerated artistically, highlighting the long tail. There are four hunting pictures, including car hunting and single person hunting. There are two war pictures, two people standing opposite each other, two arrows hanging from the waist, and two arrows connected. There is one reproduction picture, with the male side and the female side, highlighting the position of the reproductive organ.

Art techniques

Lushan rock painting is richer than yeniugou rock painting in content, such as reproduction, war and so on. The production techniques are also different. Its age is later than that of yeniugou rock painting. Most of the rock paintings in Lushan are inclined outline striking, while most of the rock paintings in yeniugou are vertical whole body striking. The oblique outline striking method of Lushan is often applied to the vertical whole body striking method similar to yeniugou, that is, many of Lushan rock paintings are processed in two stages. Perhaps because of the later age, Lu Shan rock paintings are more exquisite than yeniugou rock paintings in terms of production techniques and drawing styles.

In Lu Shan's rock paintings, the most concentrated image is No.1 rock painting, which covers an area of about 20 meters and has more than 150 images. People are very interested in car hunting and reproduction map. Car hunting is a horse with two shafts. People stand on the car and bow like the moon. The arrow went at the bison behind the car. In order to vividly express the intention of shooting, the maker chiseled out the arc of arrow flight.

This picture is well made and accurate. Although the picture is not clear, its drawing intention can still be seen clearly. The picture is a man and a woman. Female's front, legs slightly curved to both sides apart. Between the legs and under the buttocks, a round dot with a diameter of about 3cm is chiseled to symbolize the female genitalia; the male is on the left side of the female, drawn from the side, and the genitalia is very prominent. Next to the bottom of the men's and women's chart, there is a standard curve with many dots on both sides. Because of the emphasis on male and female genitalia, it is not easy to show the scene of copulation directly. Instead, it is represented by a set of symbolic symbols (circle represents female, curve represents male). This way of thinking of using symbols to express copulation has also been found in other parts of China, such as Yinshan Mountain in Inner Mongolia, which is the so-called "Hoo Yin" or "Kui Xue" in the field of rock painting. The significance of this painting is to make people understand some of the Tibetan cultural concepts and the expression of ideas. There is no doubt that copulation here has the witchcraft significance of stimulating livestock production, and the expression of symbols and symbols enlightens us on how to understand all the images of rock paintings. For example, what the cattle producers want to express is not necessarily the cattle itself. Perhaps the image of cattle can be used to express the abstract concepts beyond cattle. People have seen in this painting that the producer expresses the concept of "invisible" reproduction by means of "visible" copulation.

Address: more than 30 granodiorites in Lushan hills, Jianghe Township, Tianjun County, Delingha

Longitude: 99.389335632324

Latitude: 37.42252655029

Chinese PinYin : Lu Shan Yan Hua