Maixiu National Forest Park

Maixiu National Forest Park

Maixiu National Forest Park is located in Zeku County, Huangnan Prefecture, 32 kilometers away from Longwu Town, which is a primeval forest natural scenic spot. Located in the core area of ecological protection and construction of Sanjiangyuan Nature Reserve in Qinghai, it is the key forest area of state-owned natural forest protection project. In December 2005, it was officially named maixiu National Forest Park, with a total area of 67596 hectares.

Maixiu National Forest Park is rich in forest landscape, natural landscape, historic sites and cultural landscape. The climate is cool and pleasant, which is obviously different from the surrounding areas in landform, climate and landscape.

Location context

Maixiu National Forest Park is located in Zeku County of Huangnan Prefecture in the southeast of Qinghai Province. The park is 220 kilometers away from Xining, the provincial capital, 32 kilometers away from Longwu Town, the capital of Huangnan Prefecture, and 80 kilometers away from Zeku County. The region starts from zaongka in the East, reaches dashna in the west, reaches the confluence of maixiu River and Longwu River in the north, and reaches the confluence of quku River in the south. The geographical coordinates are 101 ° 46 '- 102 ° 04' e and 35 ° 8 '- 35 ° 21' n. The park is about 28 kilometers long from east to west and 24 kilometers wide from north to south, covering an area of 67596 hectares.

geographical environment

topographic features

Maixiu National Forest Park is located in the northern foot of the West leaning mountain on the eastern edge of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau, and in the south of Shanxi Province. The geological structure of the park belongs to the South Qinling Indosinian changgeosynclinal fold belt of Qinling fold system, which is dominated by a single East-West strike fold fault structure belt. The park is a high mountain canyon landform. The territory of mountains, winding ups and downs, high terrain, alternate valleys. Most of the mountain ranges are denudation structural mountains developed by glaciers and eroded by ice water. It is composed of Silurian sandy slices, Triassic sandstone and sand shale. There are residual deposits and slope deposits on the surface, such as rock block, gravel or rock particle, caused by denudation and filling. The whole terrain is high in the South and low in the north. Most of the areas are over 3500 meters above sea level, with large range of mountain uplift and strong terrain cutting. Knife ridges and "U" and "V" shaped canyons are all over the area, forming a high mountain landscape with rocky cliffs and overlapping peaks.

Climatic characteristics

The climate of maixiu National Forest Park is cool, warm and semi humid. Affected by altitude and terrain, it has the characteristics of long and dry cold cold cold season, short and cool warm season, large diurnal temperature range, concentrated precipitation, abundant light, strong sunshine, windy weather and short frost free period. The annual average temperature in the territory is 2.8 ℃, the average temperature in the hottest month is 14.2 ℃, the average temperature in the coldest month is - 10.1 ℃, and the annual temperature range is 24.3 ℃; the extreme maximum temperature is 29 ℃, the extreme minimum temperature is - 31 ℃, and the extreme temperature range is 60 ℃. The annual precipitation is about 530 mm. The rainy season is generally from May to September, accounting for about 85% of the annual precipitation. There is more precipitation in the territory, and the amount of night rain accounts for 58% of the total annual precipitation. The sunshine time is long, the wind is strong, the air is dry, and the annual evaporation is much larger than the annual precipitation. Frost free period is 8 to 74 days, no absolute frost free period. The climate in the territory is extremely cold, and the four seasons are difficult to separate. There is no obvious summer, and there are only a few days in spring and autumn. Generally divided into warm and wet and dry and cold two seasons. May to September is a warm and wet season, with heavy precipitation, concentrated precipitation, strong solar radiation, high temperature, warm weather, forming a rainy and hot season; October to next April is a dry and cold season, with few precipitation, long and cold time, sunny and cloudy, dry climate, windy or snowy disaster. Including snow, rain, clouds, morning light, sunset, Buddha light, mirage, Aurora, rime and other celestial landscape.

Resources

Hydrological resources

Maixiu National Forest Park belongs to maixiu River Basin, the main stream of Longwu River, a tributary of the upper Yellow River. There are many kinds of landscapes in the territory, such as rivers, streams, springs, waterfalls, snow and so on. Longwu River is 144.3 km long, which originates from xiaderi mountain area of qiakori Township in Zeku County. The river flows into the Yellow River from south to north, and the upstream maixiu river is 55 km long. The wet season is from May to August every year. It freezes in November and thaws at the end of March next year. The ice thickness is 2.4 to 2.6 meters. The river course is circuitous, steep slope, rapid flow, concentrated drop and rich in hydropower resources. The surface rivers are all fresh water, and the groundwater reserves are relatively rich. The water sources in the territory are all low salinity water. The water quality is sweet, sweet and refreshing. It is the best choice for tea ceremony lovers. As there are no industrial and mining enterprises in or near the park, there are no pollution sources. There are few residents in the park, and there is little domestic waste. In addition, the forest coverage rate is high, and the water quality is completely in the original state. The water source flow in the area is relatively stable due to small seasonal influence, and the surface water and groundwater are abundant with good water quality, which can meet the needs of human and livestock drinking and various construction water in the park.

plant resources

Maixiu National Forest Park belongs to the temperate semi-arid region. Affected by the altitude, the vegetation of maixiu National Forest Park is mainly of the type of Qinghai Tibet Plateau, which is dominated by mesophyte or thermophilic plants of temperate origin. The natural conditions are diverse, the ecological environment is complex, and the vegetation differentiation is strong. There are not only River Valley grassland, but also cold temperate forest and alpine shrub. Most of the plants are left over from the uplift of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau. The territory is rich in wild plants, common plants about 50 families, more than 100 genera, more than 200 species, of which woody plants have more than 10 families, more than 80 species. There are more than 100 kinds of medicinal plants with economic value; the main fiber plants are Caragana, iris, Stellera chamaejasme, Leymus, etc.; the berry plants are raspberries, strawberries, etc.; the edible plants are fern, mushroom, bracken, etc. The main tree species are Picea crassifolia, Picea crassifolia, Betula platyphylla, Populus davidiana and Sabina przewalskii. Picea crassifolia forest is the only concentrated distribution area in Qinghai Province, with large area, neat forest form, beautiful tree crown and green all the year round. Shrub species are mainly Rhododendron, willow, Spiraea, Caragana, honeysuckle, rose, hemp, seabuckthorn, Sorbus, etc. At present, the vast majority of the forest in the territory is still in a complete natural state. Wild valuable medicinal plants: rhubarb, Cordyceps sinensis, Mabo, Xuelian, Fritillaria, Gentiana, Yinchen, bupleurum, Polygala, Guanzhong, dangshen, Danggui, Shashen, Huangqi, notopterygium, etc. In addition, a large number of edible wild vegetables such as fungi, algae and ferns are naturally distributed in the garden.

Animal resources

The complex terrain, forest and grassland vegetation create a good living environment for wild animals, which shows the complex characteristics of mixed habitation and vertical distribution. For example, rock sheep and snow pheasant are distributed in the meadow and bare rock area above the forest line; flying squirrels, carved numbers and woodpeckers are suitable for living in the forest; marmots and rabbits mostly inhabit in the valley or grass edge grassland. The territory is rich in wildlife resources, which are mainly divided into three main groups: alpine bare rock fauna, forest (shrub) fauna and grassland fauna. There are more than 30 species of wild mammals and more than 100 species of poultry, among which there are more than 100 species of wild economic animals, mainly including:

(1) Precious animals: Sumen antelope, blue eared pheasant, etc;

(2) Rare fur animals: marmot, otter, ferret, ferret, red fox, lynx, leopard, squirrel, etc;

(3) Medicinal animals: snow chicken, flying squirrel, etc;

(4) Carnivorous animals: Stone chicken, plateau partridge, rock pigeon, yellow sheep, rock sheep, hare, etc;

(5) Grassland pests: Wolf, pika, zokor, etc.

In addition, there are many kinds of insects and fish.

Main attractions

The landscape of maixiu National Forest Park mainly includes primeval forest, river, great lake, wildlife habitat, mountain peak, wetland, historical relics and folk customs. The plant landscape of the park is rich and colorful, which constitutes the main part of the park landscape. It has the geological landscape and water landscape, astronomical landscape and human landscape with the characteristics of the Qinghai Tibet Plateau.

Specific scenic spots include:

Geological attractions: Spirit otter looking back, Millennium turtle, double peaks of yin and Yang, changing Mountain God, Luotuofeng, lion Muri, giant stone Scripture, Jinwa xiangtian, yixiantian, Quxian Xigui, proud stone turtle, dolphin moon, jiangjunfeng

Hydrological attractions: Sanhekou, ice waterfall, Guanyin waterfall, Wusuo dangerous pool, dangerous stone beach, Heiquan, Heiqiao pool, maixiuchunzhang, Sanquan.

Cultural attractions: Gongba, DIAOQIAO, spruce forest, fairy cave, dashitan, watchtower, zongmar temple, sightseeing nursery and King Gesar's footprints.

Development and construction

In January 1998, the Department of agriculture and forestry of Qinghai Province approved it as a provincial forest park. At the end of 2005, it was promoted to a national forest park with the approval of the State Forestry Administration. The forest farm has complete water, electricity and heating facilities. There are many small restaurants and shops in the village where the farm is located. There is also a maixiu forest garden.

Traffic and route

traffic

Qinghai maixiu National Forest Park has convenient transportation inside and outside. There are Zeku County on the top and Longwu temple on the bottom. The transportation and location conditions are good. S20363 provincial road leads directly to the park, and there are buses to arrive at any time. At present, there are Xining Henan, Xining Zeku, Henan Lijiaxia, Zeku Linxia buses passing through the park, so it is convenient to get in and out of the park. The internal traffic of the park is mainly by car and walking, which has access to the construction conditions.

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Chinese PinYin : Mai Xiu Guo Jia Sen Lin Gong Yuan