Nanyue martyr Temple

Nanyue martyr Temple

Nanyue martyr's temple is located at the bottom of Hengshan incense burner peak in Hengyang City, Hunan Province, 4 kilometers away from Nanyue ancient town. Nanyue martyr's temple is built to commemorate the Anti Japanese soldiers. There are 13 large martyrs' tombs in the martyr's temple, which are solemn and solemn. There are temples, stone carvings and artillery shells in the temple. The monument is shaped like five huge shells pointing directly at the blue sky, symbolizing the determination of the Han, Manchu, Mongolian, Hui and Tibetan people to unite as one, to stand up for the war of resistance.

Nanyue martyrs' shrine is one of the earliest and largest memorial sites of Anti Japanese war in China, and also one of the important memorial sites of Anti Japanese War and world anti fascist war. It is here that the general shrine of the Chinese nation's dead soldiers is established.

In 1996, Nanyue Zhonglie temple was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council. In 2009, it was announced as the national patriotic education demonstration base by the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee.

In December 2016, Nanyue Zhonglie temple was listed in the list of national Red Tourism classic scenic spots.

Historical evolution

In the 26th year of the Republic of China (1937), on July 7, the beginning of Japan's invasion of China, the "July 7" incident broke out, and the war of aggression aimed at the destruction of China began in an all-round way.

At the end of 1938, although the Chinese Army resisted tenaciously, Guangzhou and Wuhan were still lost one after another. Hunan Province, which was in the rear area of the Republic of China, had an extremely important strategic position and became another Anti Japanese base camp after Wuhan. Nanyue Hengshan highway, railway and waterway transportation is extremely convenient. Chiang Kai Shek, chairman of the military committee of the national government, personally presided over the "first Nanyue military conference". At that time, Zhou Enlai, vice chairman of the CPC Central Committee, and Ye Jianying, chief of staff of the Eighth Route Army were invited. The two parties attached great importance to national righteousness and joined hands to resist Japan. At this meeting, many generals mentioned that most of the dead officers and soldiers were "violent corpses battlefield" and could not be buried. The speakers were sad and the listeners were restrained. After hearing this, Chiang Kai Shek was very distressed. After the meeting, he called two generals, Chen Cheng and Xue Yue, and solemnly arranged for the cemetery to be built. Later, Chen Cheng was transferred to Sichuan, and Xue Yue was also chairman of Hunan provincial government, so the construction of the cemetery was basically presided over by Xue Yue. During this period, he had been engaged in war with the Japanese army, together with preliminary preparations such as survey, land acquisition and fund-raising,

In the 29th year of the Republic of China (1940), on September 10, the first phase of Nanyue Zhonglie Temple project was officially broken. The second phase was started on November 5 of the following year and completed in June 1943. On July 7, a grand ceremony was held for the completion of Nanyue martyr's Shrine. Xue Yue, the moderator, read the memorial ceremony before the martyr's throne and solemnly announced that "since the Anti Japanese War, every martyr will enter the shrine today and worship at the age of". The first group of generals to enter the shrine are Zhang Zizhong, Hao Menglin, Tong linge, Zhao Dengyu, etc.

In 1944, Nanyue was occupied by the Japanese, and the temple of martyrs in Nanyue was destroyed by the Japanese army.

In 1953, in the early days of the founding of the people's Republic of China and in the "Cultural Revolution" in 1966, Nanyue martyrs' temple was also seriously damaged.

In 1984, Hu Yaobang, then general secretary of the CPC Central Committee, came to Nanyue to pay a visit to the martyrs' temple, and immediately pointed out that the Anti Japanese martyrs "sacrificed for the survival of the country and the nation, which should be paid attention to and commemorated.".

In 1987, the CPPCC National Committee put forward suggestions on restoration. After that, Hengyang municipal government made a comprehensive restoration.

In June 2012, the Hunan Provincial Department of Civil Affairs allocated 2.2 million yuan for the comprehensive restoration of the collective cemeteries of 2128 soldiers and soldiers killed in the Anti Japanese war in Northern Hunan by the 60 division of the 37th army of the national revolutionary army. The entire restoration was completed in August 2013.

In 2013, the 68th anniversary of the victory of the Anti Japanese war in China, the 71st anniversary of the great victory of the Qiang people in ren'an, and the 70th anniversary of the establishment of Nanyue martyrs' temple, the largest Memorial Park for the Anti Japanese soldiers in China. On January 15, 202 soldiers and soldiers of Yan'an Qiang's great victory were sent back to their motherland from Myanmar. Since the soldiers and soldiers of the 113 regiment of the new 38th division in that year were mainly Huxiang's children, their descendants hoped to send them back to their hometown Hunan and let the heroes return to their roots. Therefore, the laying ceremony was held on July 7, in order to remember the painful history, remember the martyrs of the Anti Japanese War, strengthen patriotic education, and promote the great cause of peaceful reunification of the motherland. After 71 years, 202 Hunan martyrs finally returned to their hometown.

In 2015, due to the age-old and wind and rain erosion, the buildings and surrounding tombs of Nanyue martyrs' temple were damaged to varying degrees. The Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee, the State Administration of cultural relics and the Provincial Department of Civil Affairs allocated 14.2 million yuan for the comprehensive maintenance of the buildings, greening, exhibition of cultural relics and martyrs' tombs.

Mausoleum pattern

Nanyue martyr's temple consists of two parts: the temple and the tomb area. The temple is a palace style building with five entrances. The whole temple is south facing, 320 meters deep from north to South and 70 meters wide from east to west. On the central axis, it is divided into five parts according to the layout of low front and high back.

The first entrance is the memorial archway, with a row of arches and three holes, glazed roof and granite square stone wall. Above the middle arch, there is an inlaid white jade vertical forehead, engraved with the five characters "martyr Temple of Nanyue", written by Xue Yue. Within the archway, the square is open, green grass and cypress are symmetrical.

The second entrance is the memorial of "July 7" in the middle of the square. Five huge stone shells point directly at the blue sky. The word "July 7" is embedded in white marble in front of and on the East and west sides of the monument, implying that the whole people should stand up, never forget national humiliation, and resist aggression by force.

The third entrance is the memorial hall, with three bays. A huge stele is erected in the middle of the Ming Dynasty, on which is engraved the inscription of the memorial hall of Nanyue martyrs' temple. The exhibition of Nanyue and the war of resistance between the East and the West. Passing through the memorial hall, there are two parallel stone steps, which are handed up in sections, with a total of 276 steps. The middle lawn is inlaid with six characters of "national martyrs through the ages" with marble pieces. A small square was built between the half slopes of the stone steps.

The fourth entrance is the memorial Pavilion of the battle of Anting in the square.

The fifth entrance is the hall above the pavilion, which is the main building of the whole temple and also the place for sacrificial activities. The hall is in the shape of "ten", and the "martyr's temple" on the forehead of the central hall is Chiang Kai Shek's personal letter. In the back of the hall, the prominent part is the pulpit. The huge stele behind the pulpit is like a screen. In the middle of the stele, "the general shrine of the soldiers killed in the Anti Japanese War" is engraved. On both sides, the shrine of the soldiers killed in 22 battles is engraved. On the East and west sides of the hall, the life stories of 37 generals, including Zhang Zizhong and Tong linge, the will of the prime minister and the inscriptions of important members of the Kuomintang are displayed in the form of white marble tablets.

The cemetery area around the ancestral temple covers an area of more than 200 mu. There are 19 tombs of martyrs, 12 of which are individual tombs and 7 collective tombs. There are 22 large-scale frontal battles in the Anti Japanese War and soldiers who died in 40000 battles in the whole country. There are basic exhibitions of Nanyue and the war of resistance and the life stories of heroes in the war of resistance.

Cultural relics

Main buildings

Main inscriptions

Value significance

The martyrs in Nanyue martyrs' temple are not involved in partisanship. All the Anti Japanese martyrs are the elites and heroes of the Chinese nation. It is engraved with the Chinese nation's history of resisting aggression and fighting bravely, as well as the great sacrifice and indelible historical contribution made by the Chinese people in the world anti fascist war.

The martyr's Shrine is a symbol of the unity of the Chinese nation to resist aggression and go to the national calamity together. It is also an important link and bridge for condensing cross-strait feelings and promoting national reunification. The existence of Nanyue martyr's temple has far-reaching historical and practical significance.

The lofty Hengyue is famous for its loyalty and the general's bravery is brilliant. Nanyue martyr's temple not only accuses Japanese invaders with mountain like hard evidence, but also inspires Chinese descendants with their heroic deeds.

Cemetery protection

In 1983, Nanyue Zhonglie temple was listed as a key cultural relic protection unit in Hunan Province.

In 1996, Nanyue Zhonglie temple was listed as a national key cultural relics protection unit by the State Council.

In 2009, Nanyue Zhonglie temple was announced as a national patriotic education demonstration base by the Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee.

In 2011, Nanyue Zhonglie temple was listed in the list of national key red classic tourist attractions, and served as a national free memorial place.

In 2014, Nanyue Zhonglie temple was listed as one of the first national anti Japanese War Memorial facilities and sites.

List of martyrs

The cemetery with the largest number of dead soldiers in Nanyue martyr's temple is the 60th division of the 37th army of the National Revolutionary Army, in which 2128 soldiers were killed during the Anti Japanese war in Northern Hunan. The 60th division of the 37th army of the national revolutionary army fought with the Japanese in the battle of Songhu, the battle of Xuzhou and the four battles of Changsha, annihilating a large number of officers and soldiers of the 9th and 6th divisions of the Japanese invading army. In the eight years of Anti Japanese War, more than 10000 officers and soldiers of the division gave their lives to defend the Chinese nation.

Zheng zuomin (1902-1940) was born in Xintian County, Hunan Province. After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese war in 1937, he served as deputy commander of the second army and division commander of the ninth division of the Kuomintang army. He took part in the battle of Songhu, the battle of Xuzhou and the guard battle of Tianjia town. In January 1940, he was ordered to help Nanning. After the headquarters arrived at the military important place of Kunlun Pass in Guangxi, they immediately commanded the officers and men to build fortifications to prepare for war. Later, the left wing surrounded the Japanese army and was ordered to move. In order to prevent the Japanese from pursuing, he led a regiment to cover. Later, he was surrounded by Japanese troops. On February 3, the command troops fought back and broke through the encirclement and died in the fierce battle. The national government made a donation to the army lieutenant general. one

Chinese PinYin : Nan Yue Zhong Lie Ci