Bailongdui Yadan

Yalan in bailongdui, one of the three major Yalan groups in Lop Nur, is located in the northeast of Lop Nur. It is a group of saline and alkaline soil. In the hot climate, the environment is very bad. Most of the supplies are used up by people passing by here. If there is a sandstorm for several days, people will be trapped, either starved or thirsty. Therefore, most people will not enter this area from June to August every year. The landform was selected as the second of "China's three most beautiful yadans" by the "beauty China" campaign of National Geographic of China.

Bailongdui is similar to Yadan in Longcheng. Its platform back is smooth, and the gentle slopes on both sides are curved. The long mound is high in the northeast and low in the southwest, which looks like a dragon swimming with its head held high, so it is called "dragon". The earth surface of Sanlong shayadan is relatively flat, and its two sides are mostly cut through the 90 ° cliff. The earthen platform of sanlongsha is slightly higher than that of bailongdui and Longcheng Yadan. Camel spines can be seen in sandiao of Sanlong. Bailongdui is closer to the center of Lop Nur due to more drought. At present, there is no grass, but the surface is hard soil and saline alkali landform, so it is easy to walk or drive by car.

Bailongdui Yadan

Yalan in bailongdui, one of the three major Yalan groups in Lop Nur, is located in the northeast of Lop Nur. It is a group of saline and alkaline soil. In the hot climate, the environment is very bad. Most of the supplies are used up by people passing by here. If there is a sandstorm for several days, people will be trapped, either starved or thirsty. Therefore, most people will not enter this area from June to August every year. The landform was selected as the second of "China's three most beautiful yadans" by the "beauty China" campaign of National Geographic of China.

The earth platform of bailongdui is composed of gravel, gypsum mud and saline alkali. Its color is grayish white. When there is sunlight, it can also reflect a little silver light, which is like scales. Therefore, the ancients called this vast Yadan group "Bailong". From a distance, the white dragon pile looks like groups of white dragons swimming in the sand sea. The white back appears and disappears in the waves, holding the head and tail together, boundless and magnificent. Now this special area has been named "National Geopark" by the Ministry of Geology and mineral resources.

geographical environment

Bailongdui Yadan is one of the three Yadan groups in Lop Nur, and also one of the famous landscapes in Lop Nur. The middle road of the ancient Silk Road into Lop Nor passed through bailongdui, and merchants still passed through it until the Tang Dynasty. Bailongdui is often mentioned in history books, but it is described as a very dangerous area, which means ghosts. In fact, bailongdui is still a dangerous no man's land to this day. It is located in the northeast of Lop Nur. It is a group of saline and alkaline soil. In the hot climate, the environment is very bad. Most of the supplies of people passing by here have been used up. If there is a sandstorm for several days, people will be trapped, either starved or thirsty. Therefore, most people will not enter this area from June to August every year.

Bailongdui is a gravelly mound landform formed by the uplift of Quaternary lacustrine deposits. Due to water erosion and wind erosion, it forms a long strip mound group from northeast to southwest, stretching for nearly 100 kilometers, lying across the northeast of Lop Nur area.

The most beautiful point

Lop Nur has a long history and has many titles, such as youze, Yanze, puchanghai, furihai, laolanhai, Linhai, lopuchi, yuyueerhai and Lopnur. Lop Nur has undergone great changes since ancient times. According to Hanshu Xiyu Zhuan, it is "vast 300 Li", roughly calculated, with an area of at least 56000 square kilometers. In the Northern Wei Dynasty, shuijingzhu called it "Guanglun 400 Li", with an area of about 3000 square kilometers. In the late Qing Dynasty, it was only 80 or 90 Li long, and the area was further reduced. In 1966, it was accurately estimated that the area of Lop Nur was more than 3000 square kilometers It is estimated that "it is only 100 km long from north to South and 3-16 km wide from east to west", covering an area of less than 1000 square kilometers. Due to the increasing use of cultivated land by the Tarim River and Kongque River, the amount of water under the river has decreased dramatically, so that the lake water in Lop Nur has completely dried up.

In the East, West and north of Lop Nur ancient lake basin, there are about 3000 square kilometers of "Yadan" landform, "Yadan" is Uighur, which means "mound of steep wall", also known as "wind erosion ridge trough" in geomorphology. It can be called "one of the best in the world". It is a peculiar landform, which is formed by the erosion of running water. The traces of water erosion in that year are still clearly visible. In the past, it should be a place with rich water and grass.

Bailongdui is a famous and dangerous section of the silk road. Ancient travelers regarded it as a dangerous road, and they were often worried when passing it. Bailongdui is developed on the basis of grayish white sand mudstone intercalated with gypsum layer. It is 10-20 meters high and 200-500 meters long. It is curved and extended. From a distance, it looks like a white dragon crouching on the desert. Bailongdui Chengdong

From the north to the southwest of Yadan, bailongdui has been arranged to the end that people can't see with naked eyes. Its shape is really like a dragon, some hold high the head of the dragon, some lie down on the road, some head Hui Yi, ready to take off at any time. On the "dragon body" observation, we can find that the original "long dragons" are covered with a layer of white saline alkali soil, some are a layer of very thick crystal salt, and some "dragon body" itself is made of white paste mud. In the early morning sun, the long dragons reflect the brilliant silver light, and even crawl. It is appropriate to call them white dragon pile.

Among the three Yadan groups in Lop Nur, bailongdui is the most common place to find antiquities. On the Gobi Desert far to the northeast of bailongdui, there is a vaguely recognizable trace of the ancient road, about 60 cm wide, forming a north-south direction. It belongs to the ancient silk road that camels and horses walked out of that year. On the leeward side of a solitary stone about 80 meters west of the ancient road, a team of investigators found thousands of Kaiyuan Tongbao ancient coins, which were lost here by ancient merchants. When some journalists accompanied the expedition through bailongdui several times, they would find ancient coins, ironware, fragments of cloth and silk, etc. After passing through bailongdui from east to west, the ancient Silk Road bifurcates here, reaching Loulan in the southwest or Yingpan and Yuli in the west, and then crossing kuluktag mountain to Turpan in the north. As a result, it becomes a turning point of traffic and is an important crossing in ancient commercial roads.

At the same time, bailongdui is still an ancient battlefield. Countless wars have happened here. There are countless heroes and ghosts wandering here.

Other highlights

Bazhou Museum of cultural relics, akexiaduo spring, Korla mosque, xikeqin thousand Buddha cave, Qiemo ancient city.

Scientific viewpoint

Bailongdui Yadan

Wild camel, also known as Bactrian camel, is the only extremely rare and endangered wild animal in China and Mongolia. It is a typical desert animal, originated in China and Mongolia, and distributed in Xinjiang, Qinghai, Inner Mongolia and Gansu in China. In Xinjiang, it only exists in the eastern Tarim Basin, that is, the Lop Nur area as the center. The wild camel is a large herbivore in the family camelidae of Artiodactyla. The body size is similar to home, the color of hair is light brown, long curved neck and short tail, with two prominent liposarcoma on the back as the obvious feature. Its four big forked hooves are long and have thick meat pads, which are suitable for walking on the hot desert surface. There are seven parallel calluses in the lower part of the body, so as to support the huge body with a weight of one ton to lie down for a long time. In order to prevent sandstorm, it has double eyelids and eyelashes to protect the eyes; nostrils have movable valves that can be closed in Sandstorm to prevent sand from entering the lungs. Most of the wild camels live in small groups of 7-13 humps, each group is composed of one adult male camel, several female camels and young camels. Bailongdui Yadan - unique culture

On the land of Lop Nor at 90 ° 19'09 ″ E and 40 ° 33'90 ″ n, there is a stone tablet engraved with a person's name. He is a legendary figure, known as Yu chunshun, one of the top ten contemporary explorers in China. Tourists entering Lop Nor are always hard to avoid his name. Many years ago, in the summer, the Explorer decided to challenge to walk through the dry Lop Nur alone in the summer, breaking the myth that he could not enter and cross Lop Nur in June. But he did not succeed, but ended up with the same end as Pengjiamu. On the second day after entering Lop Nur, he lost his way, suffered from high temperature and lack of supplies, resulting in acute dehydration, exhaustion and coma, and died. Yu chunshun only completed one third of his grand plan and then fell down, which can not help but make people lament how small human beings are under the powerful force of nature. Now, the place where Yu chunshun died has become a famous tourist attraction in Lop Nur. Those who enter Lop Nur must visit Yu chunshun's dead here.

Expert comments

Wu Guanghe

There are two advantages for the formation of Yadan in bailongdui. One is that the Quaternary lacustrine strata are widely distributed; the other is that the annual average wind speed is large and the number of gale days is large, so Yadan landform is typical.

Wu Guanghe

Wang Jiuwen

The yardan of bailongdui is typical, and most of them are ridges or grooves extending along the wind direction. There are also ancient cities, ancient tombs and beacon towers, which add some mysterious colors.

Wang Jiuwen

Xia Xuncheng

It is mainly developed on the basis of gray white sand mud with gypsum layer. The mound is generally 10-20 meters high, long and curved, generally 200-500 meters long, and several thousand meters long. From a distance, it looks like white dragons crouching in the desert, so it is called bailongdui.

Xia Xuncheng

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