Diku Mausoleum

Diku Mausoleum

Diku mausoleum is located in Nanbo (now Shangqiu, Henan Province), the capital of Diku, one of the five emperors. It is located in Gaoxin Town, 20km south of Suiyang District, Shangqiu City. Founded in 2345 BC, it has a history of more than 4300 years. The existing cemetery is a high hill, 233 meters long from north to South and 130 meters wide from east to west.

According to historical records, the mausoleum of Diku in Shangqiu was repaired in the Western Han Dynasty. After Zhao Kuangyin, the song Taizu, ascended the throne, he ordered the mausoleum of Diku to be overhauled and erected a monument for it. In Yuan and Ming Dynasties, it was restored many times. In front of the mausoleum, there are many ancient buildings, such as Diku temple, Diku ancestral hall, dressing Pavilion, Zen gate, etc. People in Henan, Anhui, Jiangsu and Shandong provinces around the mausoleum of DIHE have offered sacrifices to it for more than 4000 years.

brief introduction

Diku mausoleum is located in Bo (now Shangqiu, Henan Province), the capital of Diku, one of the three emperors and five emperors. It is located in Gaoxin Town, 20 kilometers south of Suiyang District, Shangqiu City. The existing cemetery is a high hill, more than 200 meters long and more than 100 meters wide. Diku mausoleum was built in 2345 BC, with a history of more than 4300 years. It was maintained in the Western Han Dynasty, and restored many times in the yuan and Ming Dynasties. The temple is magnificent, with pines and cypresses and steles. There is an ancient well in the center of the temple. The painted Dragon is painted on the beam. The painted dragon is reflected in the well, which is lifelike. It is said that it is effective to pray for rain in a drought year, so it is known as "Lingjing" There are a large number of inscriptions in the hall. In Han Dynasty, DIHE temple was built, and Cao Zhi wrote praise of DIHE temple. According to historical records, when Zhao Kuangyin failed to succeed, he went to the north to join Guo Wei. He passed by the mausoleum of DIHE and drew lots to ask for divination. When the emperor ordered him to do so, he would have the destiny. Later, as expected, he made a fortune in Shangqiu when he became a governor of guide. After Zhao Kuangyin ascended the throne, Shangqiu was named "song" because it was the state of song in the Western Zhou Dynasty and later the state of song. After Zhao Kuangyin ascended the throne, he never forgot to draw lots to ask divination in the Imperial Hall, so in the first year of Kaibao (968) of the Song Dynasty, he ordered the Imperial Hall to be rebuilt. In front of the mausoleum is a stone tablet with a height of 5 meters and a width of 1.2 meters, a group of Steles for Erlong Xizhu, a stele base, and facilities such as a confession and a censer. And the temple of DIHE was rebuilt. It was rebuilt in yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.

The main hall is planned to be rebuilt in 2006. There is a stone pavilion with hexagonal dragon pillars on both sides of the sacrificial hall. In the east stone pavilion, there is a stele of Diku Temple rebuilt in the 41st year of Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty. In the West stone pavilion, there is a stele of Diku mausoleum rebuilt in 2001 and a green stone corridor. 1.3 hectares of juniper are newly planted on both sides. The whole mausoleum is surrounded by green cypresses, solemn and solemn. Since more than one thousand surnames have been divided after DIHE, the descendants of DIHE at home and abroad have come here one after another to seek their roots and worship their ancestors and pay homage to the royal mausoleum.

Documentation

Records in ancient books

According to the records of the unification of the Qing Dynasty, it is recorded in Gude Prefecture: "the mausoleum of DIHE is forty-five miles southeast of Shangqiu County."

According to the general annals of Henan Province, guide Prefecture: "the mausoleum of Diku is 45 Li south of guide Prefecture, which is the capital of the emperor."

"Songzhou political records" contains: "Diku mausoleum, in Shangqiu County South gaoxinli, there is a temple."

According to the records of guide Prefecture, "the mausoleum of Diku is in gaoxinli, south of guide Prefecture. The capital of the emperor. The emperor tasted the capital of Bo, so he was buried here. In the first year of Kaibao, Emperor Taizu of the Song Dynasty, there was a memorial tablet for the emperor's mausoleum. In Huanglan, Qingfeng County, Huaxian county and Heyang County all have the mausoleum of Diku, which is all wrong. "

Inscriptions

According to the existing stele of Diku temple in the first year of Tianli in the Yuan Dynasty, there is an ancient city in the south of Suiyang (Shangqiu City) and a temple of Diku in the north of the city. There are two steles in the temple. One is the first year of Kaibao in the Song Dynasty, and the other is the first year of Chongqing in the Jin Dynasty

In the Ming Dynasty, the monument of DIHE temple was rebuilt. The temple was in front of the mausoleum. There are many steles erected in front of the original ancestral hall, which have been destroyed for a long time. In 1562, the inscription on the stele of rebuilding Diku temple was written in seal characters with clear patterns along the border. The inscription was written by Wang Ru, a Jinshi, and written by Yang Chengxiu, a county man.

Life story

be born

Diku (2480-2345 B.C.) was born in Gaoxin Town, Suiyang District, Shangqiu City, Henan Province. He was the third emperor in the "Three Emperors and five emperors", that is, the great grandson of the Yellow Emperor. He inherited Yanhuang and later qiyaoshun, and established the foundation of Chinese culture. He was the common ancestor of Chinese culture and the first ancestor of Shang nationality. His grandfather xuanxiao was the eldest son of Lei Zu, empress Gao of the Yellow Emperor. His father's name was jueji. Zhuan Xu was his uncle. DIHE was a noble, intelligent and capable man. When he was 15 years old, he was selected as an assistant by Emperor Zhuan Xu and was granted the title of Xin (now Gaoxin Town, Shangqiu City). After Zhuan Xu died, he inherited the throne at the age of 30. After he became the leader of the whole world, he took Bo (now Shangqiu, Henan Province) as the capital and mude as the emperor. He was deeply loved by the people. After his death, he was buried in gudixin (now Gaoxin Town, Suiyang District, Shangqiu City) and built the DIHE mausoleum.

He was a young, clever and studious emperor. He was famous at the age of twelve or thirteen. He was appointed Xin (now Gaoxin Town, Shangqiu, Henan Province) by Zhuanxu at the age of fifteen. He was the emperor at the age of thirty. He moved his capital to Bo (now Shangqiu, Henan Province). He was in power for seventy years and lived 105 years. After his death, he was buried in Gaoxin Town, 20 kilometers south of Suiyang District, Shangqiu City.

Fan Wenlan, a great master of Chinese culture, wrote in the compendium of general history of China: "before the Han Dynasty, people believed that Huang Di, Zhuan Xu and di Ku were the ancestors of the Chinese people, which should be a fact." He was a member of the DIHE clan. Later, he was Zhuan Xu's "clan son". At the age of 15, he was granted the title of Gaoxin (now Gaoxin Town, Suiyang District, Shangqiu City) because he helped Zhuan Xu in his meritorious service. At the age of 30, Zhuan Xu was the emperor of the Tang Dynasty. He lived in Bo (now Shangqiu, Henan Province). Because he was born in Gaoxin, he was called Gaoxin in history.

Ascend to the throne

After the emperor's throne, he said, "to be wise is to know far, to be wise is to observe micro.". Follow the righteousness of heaven and know the urgency of the people. Benevolence and prestige, benefit and faith, self-cultivation and world service ". He was in power for 70 years, and the people lived and worked in peace and contentment.

After Zhuan Xu's death, his nephew Gao Xin (the grandson of xuanxiao) succeeded to the throne, namely DIHE. DIHE's son: there is Tai's Jiang Yuansheng, a son, and he's daughter Jiandi Shengqi. Chen Feng's (also known as "Chen Feng's" or "Chen Feng's") female Qingdu was born Yao, and Zou Tu's Changyi was born Zhi (namely "Ji"). The culture of the Taihao nationality (which is divided into two branches, the former developed into Huaxia nationality in Huaiyang, and the other developed into Dongyi nationality in Qufu) is called SHAOHAO. Qi was sent to the east of Luanhe River to garrison the frontier and rule the local Dongyi tribe, Youjia tribe. He was sent to Wugong County of Shaanxi Province to garrison the frontier and rule the local Yan Emperor tribe, the Tai tribe.

Meritorious service

The capital moved to Bo. There are several advantages: 1) people's Livelihood: to protect people from floods. 2) Politically: the rest of the Gonggong clan, which is easy to solve the problem thoroughly. The resistance of the rest of the Gonggong family kept on growing, from the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River to the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River. The capital was built in Bo, which made it easy for the generals to quickly drop into the front battlefield.

The leader of success: after repulsing the nomadic enemy, the dog army, he did not take the opportunity to pursue fiercely in order to minimize the risk. Later, he turned his energy to internal affairs and dealt with ethnic issues.

The system of five Zhengs: the goumang clan (Chongshi) is the muzheng, the zhurong clan (Chongli clan) is the huozheng, the zuosu clan is the Jinzheng, the xuanming clan is the shuizheng, and the later Tu clan is the Tuzheng. Goumang's family specializes in astronomy and calendar, and is dedicated to the gods of the East and spring; zhurong's family is dedicated to agriculture, and is dedicated to the gods of the South and summer; zaoshou's family is an ancient branch of SHAOHAO's family, which is in charge of punishment, and is dedicated to the gods of the West and autumn; xuanming's family is dedicated to water conservancy, and is dedicated to the gods of the north and winter; Houtu's family is a major branch of Nuwa's family, and its status is higher than the top four.

Before diho, although people had the concept of four seasons in a year, they only worked at sunrise and stopped at sunset. There was no scientific time sequence for farming and animal husbandry, which seriously restricted the development of agriculture and the improvement of people's quality of life. Therefore, DIHE said that he "observed the Beidou at night, watched the sun as much as he could, and made a push for the calendar string, watch, obscure, new moon, and welcome the sun", or "observed the four points of the Beidou to determine the solar term; observed the heavenly stem to determine the degree of the Zhou Dynasty." Scientific exploration of celestial phenomena, phenological change law, division of four seasons, guide people to engage in agricultural and livestock activities according to seasons, greatly promote the development of social productivity. It made a great revolution in Chinese agriculture, and agricultural civilization entered a new era.

The age of DIHE can be described as a peaceful and prosperous age in ancient times. His general plan of governing the country is: "morality is more important than fraternity, and politics is more important than fraternity. The government should not be greater than faith, and the governance should not be greater than benevolence. " It emphasizes the rule of the world with honesty and benevolence. Therefore, the historical records said that he was "wise to know far, wise to observe micro, obedient to the justice of heaven, aware of the urgency of the people, benevolent and powerful, benevolent and trustworthy, self-cultivation and World Service As the sun and the moon shine and the wind and rain come, we must obey. " DIHE is especially famous for his honesty among the people. The story of "marrying a woman Panhu dog" has lasted for thousands of years. He told the world that anyone who took the head of the house king would get a thousand gold, seal ten thousand households, and give the emperor's daughter as his wife. Later, a man with a head like a dog's was named Panhu. With his bravery and wisdom, he took the head of the house king. DIHE fulfilled his promise and married his daughter and granted the capital to Panhu dog. As a generation of emperors, DIHE can not only cultivate self-discipline and selfless, but also advocate integrity and discern good and evil. He is admired by people all over the world and respected by emperors of all ages. Today, it is still of positive significance.

Chinese PinYin : Di Ku Ling