Residence of Mr. Zhou

Zhou mansion, also known as "No. 50 Zengjiayan", is located at the east end of Zhongshan 4th Road, Yuzhong District, Chongqing. On the right side is Dai Li's residence, director of the Kuomintang military Bureau, and on the left is the police station of the Kuomintang police station. At that time, Comrade Zhou Enlai carried out his work leisurely in this dangerous environment surrounded by great enemies, showing the courage and boldness of a generation of great men. Now there is a bronze statue of Zhou Enlai on the square in the stadium

Residence of Mr. Zhou

Shanghai Zhou mansion, the former site of the CPC delegation office in Shanghai, is located at 73 and 71 Sinan Road, Shanghai. From 1946 to 1947, Zhou Enlai worked and lived here. He received Marshall, special envoy of the US president, exchanged views with Shao Lizi and Wu Tiecheng, representatives of the Kuomintang government, Shen Junru and Huang Yanpei, and held press conferences at home and abroad.

On May 26, 1959, it was announced as a municipal cultural relics protection unit by Shanghai Municipal People's Committee. In February 1979, the Shanghai Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China reported to the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China for approval to restore the site, restore its original appearance, and build a memorial hall. On March 5, 1982, the memorial hall was opened internally. It was officially opened to the outside world on September 1, 1986. In October 2019, it was listed in the list of the eighth batch of national key cultural relics protection units.

Architectural pattern

Zhou mansion, located at 73 Sinan Road, Shanghai, is a Spanish style garden building built in the early 1920s, with one floor and three floors. In Sinan Road, other buildings are three stories, only Zhou mansion is four stories.

The adjacent building, No.71 Sinan Road, is the business office of the memorial hall. No. 73 and No. 71 buildings cover an area of 2345 square meters and a construction area of 1049 square meters.

The exterior wall of Zhou mansion is inlaid with smooth pebbles. In summer, the whole building is hidden in the leaves of green Parthenocissus. In the south of the building, there is a garden covering an area of more than one mu. In the middle of the garden is a square lawn. In the center of the lawn stands a centennial cedar as high as the building. On three sides, there are trees and flowers such as Nvzhen, Chimonanthus praecox, boxwood, holly, Magnolia, Begonia, camellia, and a small fountain. The environment is quiet. Zhou Enlai once met guests in the garden .

On the first floor facing south, a reception room with an area of about 40 square meters is hung on the wall with a picture of the situation of Kuomintang troops attacking the liberated areas. Zhou Enlai held many Chinese and foreign press conferences here at that time. The east facing room covers an area of about 14 square meters. This is Zhou Enlai's studio and bedroom. The interior furnishings are very simple. The quilt on the bed was issued when the office was established. On the desk are the eulogy written by Zhou Enlai and some books and periodicals he read at the memorial ceremony for people from all walks of life in Shanghai on October 4, 1946 when he held the public memorial ceremony for Li Gongpu and Wen Yiduo. Zhou Enlai often works here late into the night. In the middle is a dining room, covering an area of about 20 square meters. This is where the staff of the office eat. Zhou Enlai and Dong Biwu dine with you here.

The second floor is the studio and bedroom of the office's foreign affairs staff. On display are radio, English typewriter, mimeograph and Xinhua weekly. The middle room on the third floor, covering an area of about 40 square meters, is the dormitory of the office. The north facing room, with an area of about 12 square meters, is Dong Biwu's studio and bedroom. In addition, on the ground floor, there are a reception room and a garage. The "Buick" car used by Zhou Enlai (now a copy) is parked in the garage.

Venue protection

On May 26, 1959, the former site of the office of the CPC delegation in Shanghai was announced as a municipal cultural relics protection unit by the Shanghai Municipal People's Committee.

In February 1979, the memorial hall of the Shanghai Office of the CPC delegation was approved by the CPC Central Committee.

At the beginning of the preparation of the memorial hall of the CPC delegation office in Shanghai, it was under the leadership of the Shanghai Museum. In March 1985, under the leadership of the memorial hall of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China, it became a department of the memorial hall of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China, which is still relatively independent from the outside world. In May 1988, according to the instructions of the Party committee of the Municipal Bureau of culture, the memorial hall became an independent organizational unit, with the exception of the party relations still under the leadership of the Party branch at the site of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China. In October 1988, the memorial hall was transferred to the leadership of Shanghai Cultural Relics Administration Committee.

In 1994, eight households in No. 71, adjacent to the former site of No. 73 Sinan Road, moved out and became the business office of the memorial hall.

In April 1998, according to the instructions of the Shanghai Municipal Commission of culture and administration, the memorial hall was abolished and merged with the memorial hall at the site of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China, which was under the leadership of the memorial hall at the site of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China. The original organization of the memorial hall was abolished and became a department of the memorial hall of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China. The cultural relics, materials and photos of the memorial hall are under the unified management of the Department of custody of the memorial hall at the site of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China; relevant personnel are also transferred to the memorial hall of the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China for unified arrangement and use. The memorial hall is still relatively independent, mainly responsible for the protection of the site and open reception.

Exhibition hall display

The exhibition hall of Zhou residence covers an area of about 50 square meters, with more than 70 photos on display, which generally reflects the historical traces of Zhou Enlai and Dong Biwu's leading "office" in Shanghai from June 1946 to March 1947, who actively publicized the CPC's adherence to peace, democracy and the resolutions of the CPPCC, and widely carried out the patriotic united front struggle. The content is divided into five parts.

The first part mainly introduces the historical background of the establishment of the office. Chen listed Zhou Enlai's letter to Song Ziwen, President of the executive yuan of the Kuomintang government; Song Ziwen's Secret telegram to Wu Guozhen, mayor of Shanghai; the contents of which were the exterior photos of spy surveillance points set up to prevent the CPC delegation from setting up offices and surveillance offices in Shanghai.

The second part mainly introduces Zhou Enlai's holding of Chinese and foreign press conferences in Shanghai's leading office to expose the conspiracy of the United States and Chiang Kai Shek to collude with the false peace talks and the real civil war, to publicize the CPC's ideas of peace and democracy, and to expand the CPC's influence in the Kuomintang controlled areas. There are precious historical photos of Zhou Enlai attending Chinese and foreign press conferences, Zhou Enlai's speech at the Conference Commemorating the 10th anniversary of Lu Xun's death in Shanghai.

The third part mainly introduces Zhou Enlai's United Front Work in Shanghai. Chen listed Zhou Enlai's meeting with Song Qingling, Deng Yingchao's group photo with foreign friends, and Zhou Enlai's activity photo with famous democratic personages Guo Moruo, Shen Junru, Ma Xulun, Sheng Pihua, Xu Guangping and Huang Yanpei.

The fourth part mainly displays the historical photos of Zhou Enlai, Dong Biwu, the General Administration for rehabilitation and relief of the executive yuan of the Kuomintang and the General Administration for rehabilitation and relief of the United Nations in the negotiation of the Yellow River mouth blocking and relief materials.

The fifth part mainly introduces the evacuation of the office. There are newspapers and magazines in which the Kuomintang authorities forced the Chinese Communists to leave Nanjing, Shanghai and Chongqing; there are group photos of the last group of members of the office, such as Dong Biwu, Hua Gang, pan Zinian and Qian Zhiguang.

Historical evolution

The exact construction time of Zhou's residence is unknown. It is generally believed that it was built between 1912 and 1936 with brick and wood structure. It is a French (or Spanish) garden house, originally owned by French businessmen in China.

In May 1946, according to the "double ten" agreement, Zhou Enlai led a CPC delegation to Nanjing to negotiate with the Kuomintang. In June, the delegation decided to set up an office in Shanghai, so it rented the house, but the Kuomintang authorities did not allow the sign of "the office of the Chinese Communist delegation in Shanghai". On June 18, Dong Biwu, who came to Shanghai from Nanjing, decisively decided: "if you don't want to set up an office, it's called" Zhou mansion. " Up to now, the Chinese and English doorplate on the door reads "residence of general Chou Enlai".

On November 19, 1946, Zhou Enlai returned to Yan'an, and Dong Biwu was fully responsible for all the work of the "Shanghai Office of the CPC delegation".

On November 30, 1946, the Shanghai Liaison Office of the CPC delegation and the Shanghai Office of Xinhua Daily jointly held a banquet at the Zhou residence to celebrate Zhu De's 60th birthday. Invited to the banquet are: Zhang Bojun, Shi Liang, Liu Yazi, Wang Shaofan, etc.

On March 1, 1947, the Kuomintang authorities sealed off the Zhou residence. Dong Biwu calmly presided over the last party branch meeting, arranged various tasks before leaving.

On March 5, 1947, the Chinese Communists in Shanghai were forced to leave Shanghai for Nanjing. On March 7, they returned to Yan'an with the Chinese Communists in Nanjing under the leadership of Dong Biwu.

On March 19, Shen Junru, on behalf of the NLD, went to the Zhou residence in Shanghai to go through the formalities with the KMT authorities for the custody of the property of the CPC delegation. On October 25, the Zhou residence in Shanghai and other places managed by the NLD were inspected by police officers. On October 30, the Shanghai police sent officers to accept the real estate of the Communist Party of China in Shanghai managed by the Democratic League.

On June 5, 1981, Deng Yingchao and other leaders of the CPC Central Committee visited the site. According to Deng Yingchao's memory, Zhou Enlai's office and bedroom, which had been restored in the east room on the third floor, was moved to the east room on the first floor.

On March 5, 1982, the memorial hall was opened internally. It was officially opened to the outside world on September 1, 1986.

Chinese PinYin : Zhou Gong Guan