Yuyan Academy

Yuyan Academy

Yuyan academy, also known as Luofeng temple, was first built in Song Dynasty by Zhong Suihe, the ancestor of the Zhong family in Luogang. Later, it was carried forward by Zhong Yuyan, his fourth son. It was the site of zhongyuyan's reading and lecturing in Southern Song Dynasty. Later, after successive (expanded) construction, it became one of the 12 famous ancient academies in Guangzhou history. In August 1983, it was listed as a key cultural relic protection unit by Guangzhou Municipal People's government.

Yuyan academy has a collection of poems, books and carvings of celebrities after Song Dynasty. There are mainly inscriptions on "loyalty, filial piety and integrity" by Zhu Xi, a Confucianist in Song Dynasty, four wooden carvings of quatrains written by Wen Tianxiang and bamboo carvings of spring, summer, autumn and winter in Zheng Banqiao in Qing Dynasty.

history

Yuyan academy and Luofeng temple are located in Luogang cave in the Northeast suburb. Luofeng temple, also known as Luokeng temple, was formerly known as Zhongde temple. Zhong Suihe (1106-1185), the ancestor of the Zhong family in Luogang, was born in Kaifeng, Henan Province. He was a successful Confucian businessman in his youth. In his middle age, he abandoned business and became a political official, and was promoted many times. In 1163, his family moved to Keng Village at the foot of Luofeng mountain to settle down, and built a study at the foot of the mountain behind the village, named zhongde'an. It was used to educate the children of the clan and the Confucians in the countryside. When he was near the age of Huajia, he attached great importance to his official career. He went to the Department of household affairs to judge xuanyilang. When he returned to the field, he was old enough to teach again. In his life, he taught two remarkable students: Cui Yuzhi, Jinshiji, guanzhiyou, prime minister, and Zhong Yuyan, his fourth son.

Zhong Yuyan (1155-1225) was named Qichu, Shengde, and Yuyan. He was a Jinshi in the first year of Kaixi (1205) of the Southern Song Dynasty. He successively held the posts of Tongzhi, magistrate of Wuchang, counsellor of Fujian, counsellor of neizhishilang, counsellor of imperial court, etc

. In 1219, ningzong of the Southern Song Dynasty returned to his hometown and built Luokeng jingshe in Anxi old school. At that time, Cui and he also resigned and lived in Zengcheng, only 10 Li apart. They exchanged time and gave lectures in Luokeng jingshe.

Yuyan Academy was originally named Luokeng jingshe. After entering the Yuan Dynasty, Zhong Fuchang, a descendant of the Zhong family, was expanded. Because Zhong Qichu was named Yuyan, it is now called "Yuyan academy" and a statue of Yuyan was made here. Zhong's expansion of the Academy, the extension of famous teachers, Confucianism, aimed at revitalizing Luli. In Ming Dynasty, the folk academies were not popular, so the Yuyan academy declined and became Luofeng temple. On the east side of the original academy, the main hall and the side hall were built, with one wall separated and one door connected. The temple and the Academy formed a trend of combination and separation. The whole building is lined up by mountains and valleys. Up and down into two, the horizontal division of East and West in three, compact structure, exquisite design. On the west side, there are Yuyan hall, Qingyu building, and stone square pool between the halls. On the east side of the temple, the mountain spring winds down and lingers inside and outside the temple. Ding Dong falls into the pool. The pool water is not dry or full, and the bottom is clear. The temple adds a lot of color to it.

Fang Xianfu, a scholar of the Ming Dynasty, inscribed a plaque with "Fang Dai chongzhan". On the 15th of the first month of every year, the people of the Zhong family who are able to be literate can worship their ancestors here. At the end of the ceremony, he wrote a composition and wrote poems, and then left to observe the law. During the reign of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty, Zhong Fengqing wrote poems on the 15th of every month until modern times. This is one of the earliest academies in Guangzhou.

In August 1983, it was announced that Yuyan Academy (including Luofeng Temple) was a cultural relic protection unit in Guangzhou, which was rebuilt in the 1980s. It is now open to the outside world all the year round.

characteristic

Yuyan academy is connected with Luofeng temple in the East, covering an area of 1348 square meters. The Yuqing building, Yuyan hall, Luokeng jingshe and dongxizhai of the academy are connected with the eaves and corridors of Guanyin hall, Tianzun hall, Weituo incense seat, senliao and sengku of Luofeng temple, which are quiet and elegant.

On the main road outside the temple, there is a memorial archway of "entering victory". After that, we will gradually enter the beautiful land of forest green onion cage. Two deep Wenchang temple, "tianmiyun road" stone archway, as well as Hou Xiantai, Millennium ancient Li, strange stone scenery can be enjoyed. Luogang cave is surrounded by green hills. In the deep winter, plum blossoms are like snow. Luogang Xiangxue was once one of the eight sceneries in Yangcheng.

Yuqing tower, a two-story gate tower facing south of the Academy, stands on the hillside with dozens of stone steps in front of the gate and a magnificent platform. The East and West wings are bungalows, slightly protruding forward, with two opposite doors of "Luofeng" and "Zhongde". It is high in the middle and low in the wings, with clear priorities, which sets off the gatehouse with more vigor.

Yuqing building is concave in plane, with a fish watching pond in the middle, surrounded by corridor buildings on three sides, and connected with Yuyan hall. Yuqing building has a double eaves on the top of the mountain. It has a tile surface. The front face is 16.7 meters wide and 3.8 meters deep. Five eaves are connected with two columns, and the outer columns are inserted with Dougong. The wooden box of "Yuyan academy" on the door is in Jiajing year.

Yuyan hall is built on the platform with the same height as Yuqing building. It is 15.2 meters wide and 8.7 meters deep, with 13 frames and 3 columns and a back wall. Lu tube tile surface, hard hilltop big wood small style. The two purlins on the upper half of the front porch are supported by wood carvings such as Ruyi shape. The stone eaves and pillars have official script couplets: "the stone railings on the wall are full of auspicious mist; the water in a pool is clear and fresh."

Guanyin hall, Tianzun hall, Luokeng jingshe and other halls are built on the top of a hard mountain in the Qing Dynasty, with 3 rooms in width and depth, 13 frames and 3 columns and a back wall. The base of the wall, the base of the column and the ground have been replaced with granite, and the decoration is simple. The whole building basically maintains the style of reconstruction in the middle and late Qing Dynasty.

The overall layout is ingenious and varied. Yuqingtang is the main building, and the left and right buildings are complementary. The main and secondary buildings are distinct, but they are not limited by the traditional symmetrical method. Because of the mountain situation, they are scattered high and low, spread horizontally, and connected with the whole by the deep and tortuous corridor, which has endless charm. Here are all kinds of wonderful flowers and trees, full of fragrance, the combination of indoor and outdoor green color, clear mountains and springs, which are introduced into the gourd shaped stone heart washing pool, and then into the fish watching pool. The whole building is in harmony with the mountain scenery.

Collection

There are many couplets and wooden plaques engraved with calligraphy and painting collected here, which were damaged to a certain extent during the "Cultural Revolution". The surviving celebrities' calligraphy and paintings (mostly imitations) include: four seven unique poems signed by Wenshan (Wen Tianxiang), Hai Rui's couplet "shichengquan flies to the mountain to be quiet: clouds cover the door of the cave and the day is overcast", Zhu Xi's inscription, Zheng Banqiao's painting of four Seasons bamboo, etc. the inscription includes Zhan Ruoshui's inscription "mountains are high and rivers are long", the Ming clan Hengyang King's inscription "Yuqing", Lao Zhaoguang's couplet "Qinshu Shize" and zudou's famous mountains ”Wait.

position

Yuyan academy is located in Luogang sub district office, Luogang District, Guangzhou

(former Luogang Town, Baiyun District).

Transportation route: take bus No.534 in Guangzhou to luogangwei, then hire a motorcycle or walk for 2 km.

Address: Xiangxue Park, Luofeng village, Luogang street, Guangzhou

Longitude: 113.52600873623

Latitude: 23.185481200034

Ticket information: market price: 3.0 yuan

Chinese PinYin : Yu Yan Shu Yuan