Baojia garden of Tangyue memorial archway group

Baojia garden of Tangyue memorial archway group

Tangyue is the residence of Bao family. The family moved here for more than 800 years since Jianyan period of Southern Song Dynasty. There is a calm and dignified dunben hall, which understands the Confucian philosophy of life and cultural connotation. There are inscriptions of clan management system and three steles of Jiaqing Shangyu in the temple, which are rare examples of studying the patriarchal system.

introduce

Baojia garden scenic spot of Shexian memorial archway group in Huangshan is located in Tangyue village of Shexian County, which is composed of ancient memorial archway, ancient ancestral hall, ancient folk house and Baojia garden. It is 10 kilometers away from the ancient Shexian county and 27 kilometers away from Tunxi, where the municipal government is located. Tangyue is the residence of Bao family. The family moved here for more than 800 years since Jianyan period of Southern Song Dynasty. The stone archways with the core of "loyalty, filial piety, chastity and righteousness" are arranged from two ends to the middle in a semi arc. From west to East, they are baocan Xiaoxing archway, cixiaoli archway, baowenling's wife Wang's Jiexiao archway, Leshan Haoshi archway, baowenyuan's wife's Jiexiao archway, baofengchang's Xiaozi archway and baoxiangxian Shangshu archway. The seven archways are solemn and dignified. They are connected in a line and stand upright.

Address of scenic spot

Main task of Tangyue village in she County, Huangshan, Anhui Province: Bao family

Grade

National key cultural relics protection units

The stable and dignified dunben hall, commonly known as men's ancestral hall, faces south from the north, with three entrances and five bays, and the foyer of Wufeng building. The structure of the whole ancestral hall is simple and clear, with Ginkgo biloba as the pillar, camphor wood as the beam, and brick, wood and stone carvings are not complicated. It reveals the Confucian philosophy of life and cultural connotation everywhere, showing the impartial "beauty of neutralization". In the ancestral hall, there are inscriptions of clan management system and the inscription of "Jiazhong" Qingshangyu sandaobei is a rare example to study patriarchal system.

Cixiaolifang was built in 1501 and rebuilt in 1777. The square is 8.57 meters wide, 2.53 meters deep and 9.60 meters high. In the Ming Dynasty, the architrave is lower than the flat architrave, and above the flat architrave is a row of architraves supporting the overhanging eaves. There are two pillars in the Ming Dynasty. The cushion arch plate is simple and unadorned, which strengthens the foundation of overhanging eaves. Bao Xiangxian, the left servant of the xiongbiao military department in shangshufang of Bao Xiangxian, was built in the Ming Dynasty. The four Qingfang are Bao Wenling's wife's day, Bao Shufang's father and son's good fortune, Bao Fuyuan's day and Bao Yunchang's son. All the four blocks are of the style of skyrocketing columns, with similar structures. The large and small squares are not decorated, but the arch plates under the overhanging eaves are engraved with decorative patterns. The tapering and sparrow on the moon beam are also carved with exquisite patterns. The thick beams and columns are smooth and polished, but not carved. Now it is a key cultural relic protection unit in China. One of the most famous memorial archways in southern Anhui, the seven memorial archways in the village are winding in groups, simple and elegant. No matter from the past or from the future, they are all in the order of "loyalty, filial piety, chastity and righteousness". Each memorial archway has a touching story of emotional interweaving. When Emperor Qianlong went down to the south of the Yangtze River, he greatly praised the Bao family, the owner of the memorial archway. He called it "the best hometown in the south of the Yangtze River for its kindness and filial piety.".

Beautiful scenery

The unique Qingyi hall, commonly known as the women's temple, faces north and south, with five bays, three entrances and horse head wall. The whole hall is compact in structure, smooth in shape, elegant in appearance, dignified but not rigid. The carving is elegant and magnificent, especially the eight character wall outside the hall, which is decorated with brick carvings. It is exquisite, clear and colorful. It is known as the most brick carvings in Huidi temple. The Shixiao temple, built for honoring the virtues of the past and encouraging the posterity, has magnificent brick carvings on the gate, four pillars on the third floor, and wooden beams with exquisite components. The plaque "Shixiao Temple" is written by Deng Shiru, a great master of the Qing Dynasty. The Shixiao temple is dedicated to the filial sons of the Bao family under the Song Dynasty. On the walls of the two steps of the temple, there are inscriptions on the taboos and deeds of the filial sons of the Bao family of the past dynasties and the Shixiao Temple records written by tiebao of the Qing Dynasty.

Tangyue memorial archway group is the representative works of architectural art in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The architectural style is integrated. Although the time span is as long as several hundred years, it is in the same shape. The Tangyue memorial archway group in Shexian county has changed the previous characteristics of wood structure, almost all of them are made of stone, and the "Shexian green" stone with good quality is the main one. This kind of blue stone archway is solid, tall, magnificent and dignified. In the Ming and Qing Dynasties, the art of archway architecture was also improving. Architectural experts believe that Tangyue memorial archway is of great value to the study of politics, economy, culture, architectural art, the formation and development of Huizhou merchants, and even the folk custom of dwellings in the Ming and Qing Dynasties.

Memorial archway group

In the feudal society, in order to commend the officials who had made outstanding contributions to the prosperity of the imperial court, the government often approved the construction of "Gongde memorial archway" at the head of their hometown village, in order to call on people to take this as an example to serve the imperial court. Three Ming square are: cixiaoli square, baocan Xiaozi square, baoxiangxian Shangshu square. The first two squares are of the rolling grass type, the second one is of the column type, and the three squares are all of 4 columns, 3 rooms and 3 floors. Engraved with the words "imperial system" and "cixiaoli", cixiaoli memorial archway honors Bao shousun and his father, namely "father's kindness and son's filial piety". The square is 8.57 meters wide, 2.53 meters deep and 9.60 meters high. The whole archway is elegant, simple and heavy. The structure and specifications of the three Ming workshops are basically the same, but the carving contents are different from the rough and simple flowers to the delicate and complicated birds and animals.

The four Qingfang are: Bao Wenling's wife's day and filial piety square, Bao Shufang's good fortune square, Bao Wenyuan's wife's day and filial piety square, and Bao Fengchang's filial son's Square. All the four squares are in the form of skyrocketing columns with similar structure, but the carving is more exquisite than that of Mingfang. The contents include graceful flowers, insects and fish, lifelike lions, cranes, peonies and auspicious festivals. For example, the width of Tongmian is 11.82 meters, the depth is 2.58 meters, and the height is 11.70 meters. The latest building of "Leshan Haoshi" square has corresponding carved patterns on its forehead, arch plate, and moon beam. The thick beams and columns, and exquisite patterns make it more magnificent. There are seven archways in Tangyue archway group, three in Ming Dynasty and four in Qing Dynasty. One of the Ming Dynasty memorial archways was engraved with the words "imperial cixiaoli" on the horizontal plaque, which was built for the emperor to commend the Hui merchant Bao Shouxun and his son. According to historical records, Li Da, the general of Shexian County in Yuan Dynasty, led his troops to revolt, burning, killing and plundering. Tang Yue Bao's father and son were captured by the army and asked them to decide who died and who lived. Who would have expected father and son to fight for death in order to survive? It was so moving that even the army could not bear to fight. After the imperial court to honor them, granted to build this square. Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty also wrote a couplet for Bao's ancestral hall, saying: "benevolence and filial piety are unparalleled in the world, and Jinxiu is the first town in the south of the Yangtze River." It is also said that there were "loyalty", "filial piety" and "chastity" archways in the Bao family of Tangyue at that time, but only "righteousness" archway was missing. When Bao Shufang was in charge of Lianghuai salt transportation, he was in charge of the lifeline of Jiangnan salt industry. He wanted the emperor's permission to build a "righteousness" square to honor his ancestors. He donated 100000 Dan of grain, 30000 liang of silver, built 800 Li riverbanks, and paid military salaries to the three provinces. This was granted by the imperial court. As a result, another memorial archway with the meaning of "charity" was built at the head of Tangyue village. Among the numerous memorial archways in Shexian County, the close relationship between politics and economy is often seen.

The first mahogany archway: it was built in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, more than 450 years ago. The four pillars of the archway fall down on the pier, which is simple and magnificent. On the "dragon and Phoenix board" under the cornice, the word "imperial edict" is inlaid in it. There is a pair of relief lions on both sides of the crossbeam, which is extremely heroic. According to reports, Bao can, who was praised by the emperor, had never been an official in his whole life. Because of his ability to educate his descendants, his grandchildren made many wonderful achievements in defending the Ming Dynasty. He was honored by the emperor for three generations and established a square for his ancestors.

The second archway: the "cixiaoli" archway, which was built in the Yongle period of the Ming Dynasty, was approved by the Emperor himself. Its high political treatment can be seen. The "Ci Xiao poem" engraved on the archway records a touching story.

The third, the fourth and the fifth archways are "Li Jie Wan Gu" archway, "Le Shan Hao Shi" archway, "Jie Jin San Dong" archway and so on. Each archway has many touching stories. It is worth mentioning that the "thrifty three winters" square was built for a stepmother. It is said that after the death of her husband, the stepmother went through all kinds of women's ways and put the son of her ex-wife before her own. When she was old, she poured out her family property to repair the ancestral grave for her dead husband. This move moved the local officials, breaking the convention that the stepwife of "Confucius and Mencius" was not allowed to set up a memorial archway, and making an exception to build a memorial archway of the same scale for her. In spite of this love, the inscription "Jie Jin San Dong" on the forehead of the memorial archway still leaves a foreshadowing. The section of the word of the grass head and the following "zhe" dislocation carving on it, to show that the stepmother and the original match in the status is never equal.. The blue stone archways in Tangyue, Shexian County, do not need to be nailed or riveted. The ingenious combination of stone and stone can last for thousands of years. One by one, they soar to the sky. One by one, they are carefully designed and constructed. One by one, they have been approved by the government. The rulers of past dynasties use this special way to show those who have made "contributions" to the society, which is enough to prove that all dynasties attach great importance to "spiritual culture" The construction of "Ming Dynasty". These not only leave spiritual wealth to posterity, but also leave many aspects of wealth such as culture, art and construction technology. Tangyue memorial archways are magnificent and rare in China. In September 1981, they were listed as the key cultural relics protection units of the province. There are two ancestral halls beside Tangyue memorial archways, one is Bao's dunben hall, commonly known as men's temple, and the other is Bao's Huo temple, also known as Qingyi hall, commonly known as women's temple. It is a vivid teaching material for studying Huizhou patriarchal system and Huizhou merchants' history“

Chinese PinYin : Tang Yue Pai Fang Qun Bao Jia Hua Yuan