Hongze Lake Wetland Nature Reserve

Hongze Lake Wetland Nature Reserve

National Wetland Nature Reserve is a natural scenic tourist area. Located in the southeast of Sihong County, Jiangsu Province. It is about 27 kilometers away from Sihong County, 60 kilometers away from Suqian City, 2 hours' drive from Nanjing and 1.5 hours' drive from Xuzhou.

It is a comprehensive national wetland nature reserve integrating science popularization, science and education, tourism and other functions. In 2001, it was approved as a provincial nature reserve, and was officially named as "the first batch of environmental protection education bases in Jiangsu Province" by the environmental protection department. On February 11, 2006, it was approved as a national nature reserve by the State Council.

Basic situation

Hongze Lake Wetland Nature Reserve is located in Hongze Lake, one of the five largest freshwater lakes in China. It is a middle humid wetland in the whole Hongze Lake area

It is the most complete area of ecosystem preservation. It is composed of six functional areas: natural wetland ecosystem centered on yuanyangmaozui wetland, lakeside rare birds protection area, Ecological Forest Park (leisure resort), biodiversity science popularization area, 10000 mu aquaculture ecological demonstration area and 10000 mu pollution-free rice crab three-dimensional culture demonstration area. The core area is nearly 150000 mu. Wetland Nature Reserve is the largest freshwater wetland nature reserve in Jiangsu Province, ranking fourth in East China and 11th in China.

On April 5, 2006, Sihong Hongze Lake wetland was approved as a national nature reserve by the State Council.

In November 2009, Sihong Hongze Lake Wetland Park was established as a national 4A scenic spot and passed the national acceptance.

The topography of Hongze Lake Wetland Nature Reserve and its surrounding areas is complex and diverse, with wetland and plain inlaid distribution, crisscross waterways and tortuous Lakeshore. The landform can be divided into Lake area and lakeside plain. The vegetation is mainly composed of Metasequoia glyptostroboides, Taxodium ascendens and fast-growing poplar. Hongze Lake Wetland Nature Reserve is rich in species, animal and plant resources. There are 91 species of zooplankton belonging to 63 genera and 35 families, including 12 species of high economic value snail, beautiful shrimp and Chinese mitten crab. There are 67 species of fish belonging to 50 genera and 16 families of 9 orders. There are 194 species of birds belonging to 44 families of 15 orders, accounting for 47.5% of 408 species of birds in Jiangsu Province There are 4 species of great bustard, white stork, black stork and Red Crowned Crane under protection, and 26 species of white crane goose, big swan, Little Swan, mandarin duck, grey crane and Raptor under national class II key protection. Recently, the world's endangered bird Sinian finch has been found. The natural resources in Hongze Lake Wetland Reserve are well protected. Many tourist attractions have been built, such as Hongze Lake Wetland Museum, Hongze Lake fish breeding center, Hongze Lake Lotus Garden and Hongze Lake landscape Avenue.

introduce

Hongze Lake Wetland Provincial Nature Reserve was established in 1999 with the approval of the Standing Committee of Sihong County People's Congress of Suqian City, and in 2001 with the approval of the Yangtze River

The people's Government of Jiangsu Province approved the establishment of Hongze Lake Provincial Nature Reserve in Sihong, Jiangsu Province, and established the management committee and Management Office of the reserve to carry out standardized management, so that the area of the reserve continues to expand, including 16663 hectares of core area, 17579 hectares of buffer area, 15123 hectares of experimental area, ranking 11th in China's inland freshwater wetland and 4th in East China. In 2006, it was rated as a national wetland nature reserve. At present, the water area and tidal flat of the reserve are vast, the ecosystem is well preserved, and the biological species are rich. There are 165 species of phytoplankton, 81 species of aquatic higher plants, 91 species of zooplankton, 76 species of benthos, 67 species of fish, 194 species of birds. There are 4 species of birds under the first-class national protection, including bustard, white stork, black stork and Red Crowned Crane, and 26 species under the second-class protection.

No fishing or bird catching is allowed here. Boating in the wetland, breeze blowing, relaxed and happy, look far away, sparkling, driving in the swaying reed marshes, from time to time startled a egret, fly to the distance, the ancients "autumn water together long sky color" poem description. Liu Changhua, deputy director of Sihong County Environmental Protection Bureau, said that the current season was a good time for reed growth and reed flowers floating. However, due to the flood season this summer, the water level of the wetland was high, and the reed in the wetland had been submerged for a long time and basically died. Therefore, only the Yellow reed roots are left, and the birds are much less because of the flood season, In the next year, the reeds will grow again, and all kinds of birds will return to the wetlands.

The reserve is located in Sihong County, Suqian City, Jiangsu Province. The surrounding towns include Shuanggou Town, Chengtou town and linhuai Town, with a total population of 87149. The above three towns have 1790 employees, accounting for about 2% of the total population. Among them, Shuanggou town has no employees in the reserve, Chengtou township has 255 employees in the reserve, and linhuai town has 1535 employees in the reserve.

Environmental protection experts believe that Hongze Lake wetland is a rare "kidney of the earth", with high scientific value, ecological value, social value and economic value. The "China Biodiversity Conservation Action Plan" describes the Hongze Lake wetland as follows: the bird protection in the reserve not only plays an important role in China, but also enjoys a certain reputation in the world. Plants, fish and birds in the reserve not only have a large number of species, but also form an independent and complete three-dimensional ecological chain system of self supply and self circulation, which is the "natural species gene bank" with the most protection value around Hongze Lake. The integrity and systematicness of Hongze Lake wetland ecological chain are very precious.

There are natural planting and breeding industries in the reserve. The breeding area is 620 hectares, accounting for only 4.36% of the water surface area of the reserve and 0.39% of the water area of the whole Hongze Lake. It does not have a great impact on the whole reserve and Hongze Lake. In 2003, the GDP of the three villages and towns involved was 473 million yuan, but the share in the reserve was only 2.4%. Shuanggou town had no fishery production base or other industries in the reserve; the breeding area of Chengtou Township in the reserve was 4800 mu, accounting for 6.5% of the total cultivated land and breeding area of the township; linhuai town had 45.5% of the breeding area in the reserve 00 mu, accounting for 6.9% of the total cultivated land and breeding area of the township. The management department of the reserve attaches great importance to community co construction and actively implements the resettlement project. The local residents also understand and support the construction and development of the reserve, and the community relationship is very good. At present, the main scenic spots of the reserve are: lotus species science and technology demonstration park, water lily pool, bird and lotus symbiosis area and Shili lotus sightseeing belt.

ecological environment

Hongze Lake is located in the southeast of Sihong County, Suqian City, Jiangsu Province. It is developed on the alluvial plain in the middle reaches of Huaihe River,

Post stasis * into many small lakes. In the Qin and Han Dynasties, they were called "Fuling" lakes. Among them, Hongze Lake is the largest, which is the fourth largest among the five largest freshwater lakes in China. Hongze Lake was called broken cauldron pond in ancient times. It was named Hongze Lake in Tang Dynasty. Because Hongze Lake is developed in the depression of alluvial plain, the bottom of the lake is shallow and flat, the bank slope is low and gentle, and the bottom of the lake is 4-8 meters higher than the eastern Subei plain, becoming a "suspended Lake". Hongze Lake is the largest lake type reservoir in the Huaihe River Basin. Viewed from the satellite image, its water area is like a flying swan, inlaid in the land of Jianghuai, so it is also known as "Swan Lake". It is surrounded by six counties of two prefecture level cities, namely Sihong County, Siyang County and Sucheng District of Suqian and Xuyi county, Hongze County and Huaiyin District of Huai'an. In Sihong, the coastline of the lake is 196 kilometers long, covering an area of 732 square kilometers, accounting for 55% and 35% of Hongze Lake, respectively, and Sihong enjoys its unique advantage.

It is estimated that the total value of ecological resources in Hongze Lake wetland is more than 1.5 billion yuan, and only the oxygen produced each year can supply 6 million people to breathe, which is worthy of the name of "big oxygen warehouse" in East China. The future prospects of Hongze Lake Wetland in the new three color tourism blueprint for scientific planning of national Hongze Lake wetland are as follows: after the completion of the ecological restoration project of Hongze Lake wetland, more than 500000 mu of aquaculture water surface can be purified, fundamentally rewriting the history of Hongze Lake, making it a basin of clean water in East China. In the future, traditional pesticides and chemical fertilizers will no longer be used in Hongze Lake Wetland Park. As a result, the problem of high nitrogen and high phosphorus pollution in soil will become history, and the "ecological pure land" pursued by people for many years will become a reality here.

There are long-standing industries around Hongze Lake, such as breeding, fishing, weaving, planting, etc. these traditional industries not only need to develop, but also face the problems of carrying too much population and increasing damage to water resources. With the acceleration of economic activities around the lake, the environmental pressure of the lake is further increased. All counties and cities around Hongze Lake have put forward that tourism should be regarded as a lake economy But how to realize the coordination between tourism and protection, between tourism and other industries, between tourism and farmers' income increase, and between fishermen's changing production is a common problem faced by Hongze Lake.

The Hongze Lake Wetland Nature Reserve is located in the south of the planned 330 provincial highway (Lake ring highway), the east of Shuanggou exit of Ning Su Xu Expressway and xiacaowan site in Jiangsu Province, the west of ancient Bianhe scenic belt, and the north of Laozi Mountain and Ming Zuling scenic spot in Hongze Lake. The total area of land and water is about 100 square kilometers. The five functional areas are wetland core area, ecological tourism area, ecological breeding area and ecological tourism area

Chinese PinYin : Hong Ze Hu Shi Di Zi Ran Bao Hu Qu