Shuanglong Lake Park

Shanxi Shuanglong Lake National Wetland Park

synonym

Shuanglong Lake Park generally refers to Shanxi Shuanglong Lake National Wetland Park

Shanxi Shuanglong Lake National Wetland Park is located in Xijia Township, Xiangfen County, Shanxi Province, with a total area of 598.75 hectares. The entrance of the park is 500 meters north of Dongmao village. Shuanglong Lake is an artificial lake built in 1950s and 1960s. It is located in the south of Linfen basin and the north of fenyangling mountain. From the sky, the two lakes are like two giant dragons in the shape of "double dragons playing with pearls", so it is called Shuanglong Lake.

On December 25, 2019, it passed the acceptance of the National Wetland Park pilot project of the State Forestry and grassland administration in 2019 and officially became the "National Wetland Park".

geographical environment

Location context

Shanxi Shuanglong Lake National Wetland Park is located in Xijia Township, Xiangfen County, Shanxi Province. Its geographical coordinates are 111 ° 18'29 "- 111 ° 22'24" E and 35 ° 45'07 "- 35 ° 48'42" n. It is composed of East Lake, West Lake and South Lake, with a total area of 598.75 hectares, including 458.99 hectares of wetland area, with a wetland rate of 76.6%.

Geology and geomorphology

The wetland park is high in the north and low in the south, high in the West and low in the East. The altitude is between 417m and 515m. It belongs to Malan Loess terrace. The terrace is hilly terrace with a small amount of cultivated land. The project area is divided into two lakes, qiyigou lake and nanjiagou lake. The water surface formed by the two gullies flows into Fenhe River from north to south.

river system

The wetland park area belongs to Fenhe River system, and the external water is more than 70 million cubic meters per year, which is the main source. It originates from Qiyi canal in Longci village, Jindian Township, Yaodu District and Yuejin canal in Hongdong county. The second channel flows into Shuanglong Lake from northwest to Southeast, with an average annual precipitation of 519.5 mm. The annual average evaporation is 750 mm. The average annual sediment discharge is 300000 tons. The runoff is formed by spring and rainfall, and the water quality is good, which is suitable for farmland irrigation. Shuanglong Lake belongs to the original Qiyi reservoir and nanjiagou reservoir. Qiyi reservoir was built in 1958 and impounded in 1967, with a storage capacity of 28.4 million cubic meters. Nanjiagou reservoir was built and impounded in 1978, with a storage capacity of 20 million cubic meters. The two dams stand side by side across the ridge. From 1979 to 1981, the two dams were heightened and expanded into a unified Qiyi reservoir, with a dam height of 42.5 meters, a length of 1350 meters, and a total storage capacity of 55.78 million cubic meters. The average annual precipitation of Shuanglong Lake is 519.5mm and the average annual evaporation is 750mm. The total storage capacity is 55.78 million cubic meters. The deepest water level is 46 meters, and the average water level is 24 meters.

Climatic characteristics

Wetland park has a warm temperate continental climate with four distinct seasons. It is cold and dry in winter, less windy and rainy in spring, hot in summer, concentrated rainfall, and sunny and cool in autumn. The annual average temperature is 12.6 ℃, the winter average temperature is - 1.4 ℃, the spring average temperature is 13.6 ℃, the summer average temperature is 25 ℃, and the autumn average temperature is 12.2 ℃. January is the coldest with an average temperature of - 3 ℃, July is the hottest with an average temperature of 25.73 ℃, and the average temperature for many years is 12.1 ℃. The extreme minimum temperature is - 18.3 ℃ and the extreme maximum temperature is 41.9 ℃. The annual accumulated temperature is 4649 ℃, sunshine hours is 2500 hours, the average frost free period is 185 days, the first frost period is in late October, and the last frost period is in early April. The average annual precipitation is 519.5mm, and the annual distribution is very uneven, mainly concentrated in July, August and September. The annual average relative humidity is below 65%.

soil

The main types of soil in and around the wetland park are cinnamon soil and meadow soil. According to its vertical distribution, light meadow soil and salinized light meadow soil are distributed below 420 meters above sea level, and carbonate cinnamon soil is distributed above 420 meters above sea level. Cinnamon soil is distributed in Loess Hilly Gully and farmland.

Functional zoning

Wetland conservation area

Wetland conservation area includes the water surface area of the East and West reservoirs, covering an area of 278.33 hectares, accounting for 46.5% of the total area of the park. The conservation area covers all reservoir wetlands. It is mainly water area, which is the area with good integrity and high ecological sensitivity of wetland ecosystem in the wetland park. It is also the habitat and wintering place of migratory birds. It is the core area of wetland ecosystem protection in the wetland park. In addition to the necessary protection and management activities such as protection and monitoring, it is not allowed to carry out any other activities unrelated to the protection and management of wetland ecosystem Move.

Rehabilitation and reconstruction area

The restoration and reconstruction area includes the peripheral areas of Donghu reservoir and Xihu reservoir, mainly the loess gully erosion gully. It covers an area of 132.60 hectares, accounting for 22.1% of the total area of the park. This area is located in the farming zone between the KuTang wetland conservation area and the rural residential area. It is composed of several erosion gullies, some of which are privately reclaimed wasteland, beach land and grazing. Artificial vegetation restoration is carried out in this area to prevent soil erosion and wetland degradation.

Reasonable utilization area

The reasonable utilization area is located in the northeast of wandongmao village, the northwest and south of funingzhuang village, and near the dam, which is an important traffic area. The total area of the park is 187.82 hectares, accounting for 31.4% of the total area of the park. The area is divided into reasonable use area, mainly considering two points: first, the area has certain available resources and human natural landscape, which can attract tourists to stay and experience local characteristics. Second, the area is located around the dam, with convenient transportation and large passenger flow. Third, there is an open beach in the middle and east of the region, which is convenient for tourists.

Resources

plant resources

A total of 357 species of plants were recorded in the Wetland Park, belonging to 71 families and 225 genera, which can be divided into 3 families, 6 genera and 8 species of gymnosperms, 68 families and 219 genera and 349 species of angiosperms. In angiosperms, there are 75 species of monocotyledons belonging to 48 genera of 10 families and 274 species of dicotyledons belonging to 171 genera of 58 families. Among them, Glycine soja is one of the national class II protected wild plants. Salix babylonica is the dominant tree species in Wetland Park.

Animal resources

Wetland Park belongs to the Palaearctic realm of the world's terrestrial fauna and the North China region of China's zoogeographical division. According to the survey, there are 156 species of vertebrates belonging to 63 families and 28 orders in Shanxi Shuanglong Lake National Wetland Park. Among them, there are 14 species in 5 families, 3 orders of Pisces and 142 species in 57 families, 25 orders of terrestrial vertebrates. There are 142 species of terrestrial vertebrates, including amphibia 1 order 2 families 2 species, Reptilia 2 orders 3 families 5 species, ornitha 17 orders 46 families 123 species, mammalia 5 orders 7 families 12 species. Invertebrates are mainly Insecta species, with 732 species in 165 families of 17 orders. Among them, one species is black stork, which belongs to the national level I key protected wildlife, and 14 species belong to the national level II key protected wildlife, including white spoonbill, swan, mandarin duck, osprey, sparrow hawk, big bunting, common bunting, white tailed Harrier, peregrine falcon, Amur falcon, Kestrel, long eared owl, longitudinal belly owl and eagle owl. There are 10 species of key protected animals in Shanxi Province, including heron, pond heron, golden eye bunting, cuckoo, common Nighthawk, crested fish dog, blue jade, star headed woodpecker, wedge tailed Shrike, black naped Oriole and northeast hedgehog. The key protected animals are mainly birds. There are 5 species listed as more vulnerable in the red list of China's biodiversity, among which 4 species are vulnerable: Black Stork, big bunting, webbed gecko and tuanhua snake, and 1 species is endangered: moose weasel.

Main attractions

The planning structure of the scenic spot is as follows: one lake, one island, three areas, four lines and nine docks on both sides of the Strait; twelve theme sightseeing parks, 108 scenes. It mainly includes 12 theme tourist parks, such as Jinnan folk village, Jin culture exhibition area, Nongjiale resort, hot spring resort, northern botanical garden, Jiangnan Water Town, four seasons garden, aquatic botanical garden, etc.

Development and construction

brand building

According to the declaration of Xiangfen County People's government, in 2010, Shanxi Provincial Forestry Department approved it as a provincial Wetland Park, and in 2012, the State Forestry Bureau approved the pilot construction of Shanxi Xiangfen shuanglonghu National Wetland Park.

On December 25, 2019, the State Forestry and grassland Administration issued the notice of the State Forestry and grassland administration on the acceptance of the pilot National Wetland Park in 2019 (linshfa [2019] No. 119). Shanxi shuanglonghu National Wetland Park (pilot) passed the pilot acceptance of the State Forestry and grassland administration and officially became a national wetland park.

Infrastructure

During the construction period, the Shuanglong Lake Wetland Park Management Center was established to be fully responsible for the construction and management of the wetland park. During the construction and operation of the park, the management department of the Wetland Park effectively monitored the hydrology and soil of the key protected areas of the Wetland Park, and formulated the "management measures of Shanxi Shuanglong Lake National Wetland Park", so as to make the management of the wetland park more standardized and institutionalized.

The publicity and education center of the park, the gate tower of the Wetland Park, the publicity and education square, the publicity and education corridor, the publicity and education signs and signboards have been completed. In combination with world Wetland Day, world environment day, bird week and other festivals, the park has held a variety of wetland special activities, enriching the forms of science popularization and education.

Address: Yan'an South Road, Jian'an District, Xuchang City

Longitude: 113.799003

Chinese PinYin : Shuang Long Hu Gong Yuan