Dinghushan

Dinghushan

Dinghu Mountain is located in the northeast of Zhaoqing City, Guangdong Province, 18 kilometers away from Zhaoqing City. It is composed of more than 10 mountains, with a total area of 11.33 square kilometers. The main peak is 1000 meters above sea level, the highest in the Pearl River Delta. Dinghu Mountain is known as the first of the four famous mountains in Lingnan for its scenic tourism, scientific research and religious worship

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There are different opinions on the name of Dinghu Mountain. Some say it is Dinghu lake because there is a lake on the top of the mountain and it doesn't dry up in four seasons. Some say it is Dinghu lake because the central peak is round and beautiful, and the peaks at the foot of the mountain are different. It's also called Dinghu Mountain because of the folk legend that the Yellow Emperor once gave Dinghu to it.

In 1979, Dinghushan was the first National Nature Reserve in China, the first World Biosphere Reserve in China, and the UNESCO Man and biosphere (mAb) research station, known as the "Living Museum of nature". Its anion content is the highest in China, and it enjoys the reputation of "natural oxygen bar".

geographical environment

Location context

Dinghushan is located in the northeast of Zhaoqing City, Guangdong Province, 70 kilometers east of Guangzhou and 18 kilometers west of Zhaoqing. It is located at 23 ° 10 'n and 112 ° 31' E. With a total area of 11.33 square kilometers, the top of Jilong mountain is 1000.3 meters high. Because most of the places where the Tropic of cancer passes through are deserts or steppes, only Dinghu Mountain is covered with green vegetation, which is known as the "oasis on the Tropic of cancer".

Geology and geomorphology

Dinghu Mountain is composed of several series of mountains in the same direction (NE-SW). The mountain gradually decreases from northwest to Southeast. According to the height, it can be roughly divided into four levels. The first level has an elevation of more than 800 meters. The main peak, Jilong mountain, is 1000.3 meters above sea level. Its left and right peaks are all higher than 800 meters. The elevation of the second level is 500-800m. The peak of this level is located in the southeast of shiziling. It is located in the northwest of shiziling or its left and right peaks. The height is more than 500m. The altitude of shiziling is 598m. The elevation of the third level is 250-500m, which is less than 500m in the southeast of shiziling. The main peak, Sanbao peak, is 491.3m above sea level, and other peaks are 300-400M high. The elevation of the fourth level is less than 250m, which belongs to the dense hilly area in front of the mountain. It is in the southeast of arboretum, geological sanatorium and mitaling line, including tang'e mountain, Houlong mountain and mitaling mountain.

Geological characteristics

The structures of Dinghushan and Beilingshan are basically the same. The trend of Dinghushan is NE-SW monocline, fold and fault mountain. Within the mountain area, there are dense mountains, overlapping peaks, large undulation, developed fault scarps and clear layered landform. The famous Dinghu fault zone traverses the mountains from northeast to southwest, and connects with Beiling fault zone in the middle, which provides good conditions for the formation of waterfalls and steep mountains.

In the mountains, the slopes of the peaks are mostly between 30 ° and 40 ° and above 60 ° in some parts, while the slopes less than 15 ° are rare. From Jilongshan to the southeast, through shiziling and sanbaofeng to Kengkou, the straight-line distance is 4.4km, and the elevation is reduced from 1000.3m to 8m, with a gradient of 22.5%.

The topography of water erosion on the mountain is obvious. The valley is deep and the ridge is narrow. The depth of V-shaped Valley is 100-300 meters. The ridge between the valleys is prismatic. The narrowest part is only 3-5 meters. The denudation surface is 500, 300-400, 150-200 and 80-100 meters. There are two branches of mountain stream originated in Jilong mountain, which flow from northwest to Southeast and cross the strike line of mountain structure. In the place of rock fracture, cliff and stepped valley are often developed, and the bedrock at the bottom of valley is exposed or the rocks are full of debris. As a result, many rapids, waterfalls and deep pools are developed in the stream. In the South Branch of Yunxi, there are laolongtan, sanyatan, shuiliandongtian, etc After leaving the Tianhu lake, the stepped riverbed is obviously developed, and the feishuitan with the largest drop is 40 meters high. The two streams are separated by ridges in the same direction, forming a watershed from northwest to Southeast.

climatic conditions

Dinghushan area has a subtropical monsoon climate with long sunshine and abundant solar radiation. It is warm all year round without severe winter or heat. Due to the hot and humid southeast or southerly air current prevailing in summer, typhoons frequently patronize, bringing abundant rainfall.

natural resources

plant resources

Dinghushan is rich in plant resources. The nature reserve covers an area of more than 17000 mu, including more than 2000 mu of virgin forest. It is one of the few special forest types in the world and is known as the "Living Museum of nature".

There are 1856 species of wild higher plants in Dinghushan, including 23 species of rare and endangered national key protected plants, and 30 species of plants in Dinghushan. Dinghushan's diverse ecology and rich plants provide sufficient food sources and good habitat for animals.

Animal resources

There are 178 species of birds and 38 species of mammals in Dinghushan, including 15 species of national protected animals.

mineral resources

Dinghu district is rich in mineral resources, including inkstone, gypsum, marble, gold and other 21 kinds of mineral resources.

Main attractions

Qingyun Temple

Dinghushan has been a famous Buddhist holy land and tourist attraction since Tang Dynasty. There are more and more pilgrims and tourists who come to worship and visit. In the reign of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty, that is, in 1633 ad, a lotus nunnery was built at Lianhua peak in Shaochuan. In the second year, qigou monk, a famous monk, came to the mountain to serve as the host. He rebuilt the mountain gate and changed the lotus nunnery into Qingyun temple. In the Qing Dynasty, Qingyun Temple became the largest of the four famous temples in the south of the five ridges.

Baoding Garden

The theme of Baoding garden is to show the ancient Chinese Ding culture, which integrates the famous bronze Ding and Ding culture with nature and landscape culture. Baoding Garden

With the joint planning and design of domestic senior ancient architectural design institutions, experts and bronze experts, the whole Baoding garden is full of Chinese ancient culture. Baoding garden has two best in the world, one is Zhaoqing Jiulong Baoding, and the other is Duanxi longhuang inkstone.

Flying pool

Also known as Longtan waterfall, it is located in the south of Dinghu Mountain and the east of Qingyun ancient temple. Rocky Mountains, waterfalls from more than 40 meters high cliff top from the depths of running, straight down. Under the waterfall, there is a huge stone carved with the word "pillow flow".

Ecological protection

The ecological bottom line of Dinghushan is that the boundaries of core area, buffer area and experimental area can not be changed. As a National Nature Reserve, Dinghushan maintains the lifeline of protection and development of Dinghushan in the mode of district management.

In 1979, Dinghushan became one of the first biosphere reserves in the world to join the UNESCO Man and biosphere program. It was listed in the international moist rain belt forest protection network, and the research center of man and biosphere was established. It has become an international academic exchange and research base.

Since 1956, more than 100 national and local research projects have been carried out here. Behind the beauty of Dinghushan is the hard work of the staff of the four generations of Dinghushan Nature Reserve.

Human history

Celebrity's trace

In 1980, Song Qingling, the former vice president of the people's Republic of China and Mrs. Sun Yat Sen, had a handwritten tablet inscribed "Sun Yat Sen's swimming place" on the cliff; the pavilion of "master Rongrui, a Japanese monk studying in the Tang Dynasty" was set up by the Committee commemorating the 1200 anniversary of the death of monk Jianzhen (the most influential envoy and monk from the Tang Dynasty to Japan) in October 1963.

In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty, Dinghu Mountain was also known as Tianhu mountain, because Zhaoqing was the palace of Yongli emperor of the Southern Ming Dynasty. It is said that when Emperor Yongli was in Zhaoqing, he went to Dinghu Mountain many times.

Praise of poetry and prose

In the early Qing Dynasty, Chen Gongyin, a famous Lingnan poet, once wrote a poem called "send he mengmen, Tao Zhanshan and Wang Zi to visit Dinghu from Huayan Temple in Duanzhou", which added an annotation: "master qigou took (King GUI) palace in Duanzhou and changed Dinghu Mountain into Tianhu." It can be seen that the name of Dinghu Mountain was changed to Tianhu mountain, obviously with the meaning of commemorating the emperor Yongli of the Southern Ming Dynasty. However, with the demise of Yongli regime and the stability of the Qing Dynasty, the name of Tianhu mountain gradually disappeared.

Records in ancient books

"Dinghu Mountain is 40 miles northeast of Zhaoqing City. It is more than 1000 meters high. There is a lake on the top of the mountain. It lasts for four hours. There is an ancient temple in the middle of the mountain. It produces good tea around the temple." "Dinghu tea: there is a lake on the top of Baiyun Mountain in Duanzhou. Monks grow tea on the rocks and cook it with fragrant flowers. The taste is sweet, light and smooth, but the harvest stops at Shixu."

Traffic information

Take the bus from Guangzhou to Zhaoqing every 25 minutes at Guangzhou provincial bus station (the ticket price is 50 yuan), get off at Dinghushan memorial archway of Zhaoqing 321 national highway, and go straight for 2 km or take a taxi (the starting price is 5 yuan, plus 1 yuan fuel fee, without skipping the meter) to get to the gate of Dinghushan.

Take Guangzhou Zhaoqing bus at Guangzhou Yuexiu south bus station or Fangcun Jiaokou bus station, and get off at Dinghu Kengkou bus station,

Chinese PinYin : Ding Hu Shan