Luotuodun site
Luotuodun site, located in Tangnan village, Xiajiang village, Xinjie Town, Yixing City, Jiangsu Province, is one of the Neolithic sites in China. Luotuodun site is divided into North and south areas. The south area is in the natural hillock named luotuodun, and the north area is in the north of Tangnan village. The total area of the site is about 250000 square meters
.
About 400 pieces of pottery, stone, bone and jade, and about 2000 pieces of animal bones were unearthed from luotuodun site
. The discovery of luotuodun site promotes the study of the origin of civilization on the West Bank of Taihu Lake
It provides new materials for the study of prehistoric culture in the west of Taihu Lake and proves that the Yangtze River Basin is one of the origins of Chinese civilization
It is of great significance to study the ancient civilization process in Taihu Lake Basin and even the lower reaches of the Yangtze River
.
On May 25, 2006, luotuodun site was announced as the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council of the people's Republic of China
.
Historical evolution
Luotuodun site is an important Neolithic site, which appeared about 7000 to 5000 years ago. At the same time, luotuodun has always been the birthplace of Neolithic culture in Taihu Lake Basin. Taihu Lake was formed in the middle Neolithic age, and luotuodun culture can be traced back to the early Neolithic age
.
In 1959, Nanjing Museum and Yixing cultural relics management committee jointly carried out the first excavation of luotuodun site
.
In 1962, Nanjing Museum and Yixing cultural relics management committee jointly excavated the luotuodun site
.
From November 2001 to July 2002, Nanjing Museum and Yixing cultural relics management committee jointly excavated the luotuodun site, covering an area of 1309 square meters
.
Site features
Scale layout
Luotuodun site covers an area of about 250000 square meters, and the average thickness of cultural accumulation is about 3 meters
. Luotuodun site is divided into North and south areas, which are about 500 meters apart. The Southern District is located in the hilly land commonly known as "luotuodun", which is about 15 meters above the ground and covers an area of nearly 50000 square meters; the northern district is located in the north of Tangnan village, and under the surface is the accumulation of cultural layer. In the west, northwest, North and northeast of the north area, there are semi encircled rivers, and in the southeast, there are flat lands
.
Stratigraphic accumulation
The cultural layers of luotuodun site are unevenly distributed and can be divided into 10 layers. The first layer is the topsoil, gray black, loose soil, 15-35 cm thick; the second layer is mainly distributed in the middle and west of the whole excavation area, gray white soil layer, slightly yellow, with a small amount of red burnt soil particles in the soil, the stratigraphic age is Liangzhu culture period; the third layer is the gray loess layer, with dense soil, 20-70 cm from the surface, 25-45 cm thick, mixed with more red burnt soil particles The fourth layer is gray soil layer, with dense soil, 50-100 cm from the surface, 10-55 cm thick, mixed with a certain amount of burnt soil particles; the fifth layer is mainly distributed in the southeast corner of the whole excavation area, with gray white soil layer, with moist, pure and dense soil; the sixth layer is black soil layer, with soft soil, 90-100 cm from the surface, 0-40 cm thick, mainly distributed in North t5131, North t5131, North t5131, North t5131 North t5132, North t5135, etc.; the seventh layer is yellow green soil layer, the soil is compact and moist, 80-165 cm from the surface, 0-60 cm thick, mixed with a certain number of red burnt soil blocks and red burnt soil particles; the eighth layer is green gray soil layer, The soil is soft and silted, 85-165 cm away from the surface, 0-45 cm thick; the ninth layer is gray loess layer, 130-200 cm away from the surface, 0-65 cm thick; the tenth layer is black peat layer, dense and humid, one layer of peat with one layer of sludge, another layer of peat, forming a sandwich biscuit like accumulation, 135-245 cm away from the surface, 15-65 cm thick; the tenth layer is soil Dense and pure green yellow raw soil
.
Cultural relics
From 2001 to 2002, Nanjing Museum and Yixing cultural relics management committee jointly excavated the luotuodun site, and discovered large settlement sites during the Majiabang culture period, including 52 tombs, 39 urn coffins, 5 ash pits, 3 house sites, 1 large shellfish and shell accumulation, 4 sacrificial relics, including urn coffins, etc. In addition, one tomb and two ash pits in Songze culture period, three tombs and three ash pits in Liangzhu culture period, and cultural accumulation in Guangfulin culture period were found. About 400 pieces of pottery, stone, bone and jade, and about 2000 pieces of animal bones were unearthed in the site. The shape of pottery includes tripod, pot, hoop, bean, bowl, cauldron and cudgel with triangular feet. The decorative patterns include string patterns, cross cut patterns and holes. The pottery pieces include black, gray, brown and red pottery with sand. Stone tools include boot shaped stone knives, etc
.
Research value
Luotuodun site is an important historical and geographical coordinate on the West Bank of Taihu Lake. At the same time, a new cultural type of Neolithic culture in Taihu Lake Basin, luotuodun culture type, was established
. The luotuodun site provides new materials for the study of prehistoric culture in the western part of Taihu Lake, fills the gap of prehistoric archaeological culture in the western part of Taihu Lake, successfully connects the lack of research on the cultural circle in the Taihu Lake Basin, and proves that the Yangtze River Basin is one of the origins of Chinese civilization
. It provides evidence for a more in-depth study of the pedigree, origin, coexistence and exchange of Neolithic archaeological culture in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, as well as the relationship between Majiabang culture, the remains of the cross Lake Bridge, luotuodun culture, Hemudu culture and other cultural communities, as well as the prehistoric cultural pattern they constitute, which is of great significance for the study of the process of ancient civilization in the Taihu Lake Basin and even the lower reaches of the Yangtze River righteousness
.
protective measures
In March 2003, luotuodun site was declared as a municipal cultural relic protection unit by Yixing Municipal People's government
.
On May 25, 2006, luotuodun site was announced as the Sixth Batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council of the people's Republic of China
.
In 2011, the people's Government of Yixing City formulated a protection plan for luotuodun site, which includes ecological greening around the site, setting the protection scope and construction control zone of luotuodun site, including management service area, Museum exhibition area, prehistoric culture exhibition area, agricultural culture exhibition area and waterfront wetland fishing and hunting leisure area
.
History and culture
Luotuodun site culture contains the remains of Majiabang culture, Songze culture and Liangzhu culture. Luotuodun culture, Hemudu culture and Majiabang culture jointly developed the area around Taihu Lake in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, accelerated the process of civilization in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River, and finally led to Liangzhu Culture stepping on the threshold of the era of civilization
.
Tourism information
geographical position
Luotuodun site is located in Tangnan village, Xiajiang village, Xinjie Town, Yixing City, Jiangsu Province. It is 10 km away from Yixing City in the East and 25 km away from Liyang City in the West. Its geographical coordinates are 119 ° 42 'e and 31 ° 21' n
.
Address: Tangnan village, Xiajiang village, Xinjie Town, Yixing City, Wuxi
Longitude: 119.697908
Latitude: 31.361278
Chinese PinYin : Luo Tuo Dun Yi Zhi
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