Eight puppet Manchukuo tribes

Eight puppet Manchukuo tribes

The "eight ministries" were the eight ruling institutions of the puppet Manchukuo. Ministry of Public Security (Ministry of military affairs), Ministry of justice, Ministry of economy, Ministry of communications, Ministry of agriculture, Ministry of culture and education, Ministry of foreign affairs and Ministry of people's livelihood. These political institutions, together with the Puppet State Council and the comprehensive law office (judicial and procuratorial organs), were all built near Xinmin Street in Changchun, forming a complex with the geological palace as the center.

brief introduction

Located near Xinmin Street in the center of Changchun, the eight departments of Manchukuo, including the Ministry of public security, the Ministry of justice, the Ministry of economy, the Ministry of communications, the Ministry of agriculture, the Ministry of culture and education, the Ministry of foreign affairs and the Ministry of health, were established in 1936. The architectural styles of each building in the eight major departments are different, which are integrated with western style. There are both grand buildings and courtyard with flower arch. On both sides of Xinmin Street, there are tall and straight poplar trees. The eight buildings with unique architecture are hidden among the prosperous green trees, which make the street elegant and clean.

The "eight ministries" were basically completed in 1936. Only Puyi's "new palace" (today's geological Palace) completed only the underground part, while the magnificent palace was completed at the beginning of liberation. Palace, gorgeous in the ancient simplicity, emerald green glazed tile roof, tall six red columns, so that the whole palace solemn and majestic. The palace covers an area of 31.2 hectares. The square in front of the hall has been transformed into a cultural square, which is an ideal place for sightseeing and leisure. The green lawn, white square pigeon and magnificent sculpture Sunbird attract a large number of tourists every day. Standing on the central axis of the palace, looking south, a broad and straight street is about 60 meters wide, with high poplar trees on both sides, pine, cypress and clove tree belts on the middle line flower beds, and the street is like a green corridor. The "eight departments" office building is located on both sides of the street.

The puppet Manchukuo comprehensive FA ya (now 461 Hospital of the Chinese people's Liberation Army) is close to Nanhu Park, covering an area of more than 100000 square meters. The tower roof in the center is inlaid with purplish red glazed tiles, and the outer wall is overlaid with brown bricks. The design is novel and unique, and the appearance is in a rounded curve shape. It is the supreme judicial organ of the puppet Manchukuo state and one of the main tools for Japanese imperialism and puppet Manchukuo regime to suppress the Chinese people. There are 10 kinds of torture tools, such as torture room and strangler, in the building. Countless outstanding Chinese people were killed here.

Setting up the background

In 1932, the last emperor Aixinjueluo Puyi changed Changchun into Xinjing, the capital of the puppet Manchu state, and established the puppet Manchu State Council (now Bethune Medical University Foundation Building) and its eight departments in Xinjing, namely: the puppet Manchu Ministry of Public Security (now Bethune First Hospital of Jilin University), the puppet Manchu Ministry of Justice (now Bethune Medical Department of Xinmin campus of Jilin University), and the puppet Manchu Ministry of economy (now Jilin University Foundation Building) The eight ministries are the Third Clinical Hospital of Bethune Medical College, the Ministry of communications, the Ministry of agriculture, the Ministry of culture and education, the Ministry of foreign affairs, the Ministry of people's livelihood and the comprehensive law office.

Architectural features

The most advanced ceramic veneering technology of that year was used in all the exterior walls of the eight major departments, and this technology has been popularized in the world for at least half a century. The color of ceramic veneer is mainly coffee, brown, ochre, light yellow and other relatively quiet warm colors, while the floor, stairs and stair enclosure in the hall are all terrazzo with light yellow background, and the wall enclosure is mostly marble with matching color. After more than 70 years, in addition to a few hard injuries, the tiles on the exterior walls, the floors and walls in the interior basically keep their original colors and are as smooth as new. These buildings have also made great efforts in the proportion and quality of concrete, which has increased the strength of concrete many times.

Each building of the eight major departments has its own characteristics. Each of them has its own courtyards, which are all hidden in the green waves. The tall buildings and elegant and quiet courtyards are integrated with the western architectural style. The ribbon gardens and harmonious buildings in the middle of the street make up the long belt scenic spot.

Protection and restoration

The historic buildings on this section account for 71.9% of the total street interface.

Relevant departments will adopt three ways to repair, namely, restoring key buildings, simple restoration, and rebuilding buildings.

The former site of each department

The former site of the Ministry of Public Security (Military Department): No. 1, Xinmin Street, is now Bethune First Hospital of Jilin University.

The former site of the Puppet Manchurian Ministry of Justice: No. 6, Xinmin Street, is now Bethune Medical Department of Xinmin campus of Jilin University.

The former site of Manchukuo economic ministry: No.5 Xinmin Street, now the Third Clinical Hospital of Bethune Medical College of Jilin University.

The former site of the Puppet Manchurian Ministry of Communications: No. 7, Xinmin Street, is now the school of public health of Jilin University.

The former site of the puppet Manchu Ministry of Agriculture: No. 20, liberty Road, is now a middle school affiliated to Northeast Normal University. (the original site has been demolished)

The former site of the puppet Manchu Ministry of culture and education: No. 18, liberty Road, is now the primary school affiliated to Northeast Normal University. (the original site has been demolished)

The former site of the puppet Manchu Ministry of Foreign Affairs: No. 1, Puqing Hutong, now Jilin Academy of social sciences.

The former site of the Ministry of people's livelihood of Manchukuo: 77 Renmin Street, now Jilin Petrochemical Design Institute.

Introduction of each department

Eight large-scale buildings such as the former site of the Ministry are well preserved and distributed in the downtown area. They were basically completed in 1936. These relics have become the witness of the criminal history of Japanese aggression against China and the history of national humiliation.

Ministry of military affairs (Ministry of Public Security)

The building located at No.1 Xinmin Street is the Puppet Manchurian military department in those days. Now it is the first clinical college of Bethune, Jilin University. The original name of the puppet Manchukuo military department was "military and Political Department", which was later renamed "Ministry of public security". In 1943, it was renamed "military department", which was the organ to command the puppet Manchukuo army.

The former site of the Ministry of Public Security (Military Department): No. 1, Xinmin Street, is now Bethune First Clinical Hospital of Jilin University.

Ministry of economic affairs

The Puppet Manchurian Ministry of economy is located at 9 Xinmin Street, the Third Clinical College of Jilin University. This building was built in 1938, reinforced concrete structure, building plane is rectangular. The Puppet Manchurian Ministry of economy, formerly known as "Ministry of finance", was renamed "Ministry of economy" in 1937.

The former site of Manchukuo economic ministry: No. 5, Xinmin Street, is now the Third Clinical Hospital of Jilin University.

Ministry of Communications

Today's School of public health of Jilin University is the Puppet Manchurian Ministry of communications. It manages highways, inland navigation and postal services in the northeast.

The former site of the Puppet Manchurian Ministry of Communications: No. 7, Xinmin Street, is now the school of public health of Jilin University.

Ministry of Justice

The former site of the Puppet Manchurian Ministry of justice is Bethune Medical Department of Xinmin campus of Jilin University. The Ministry of justice has general affairs department, justice department and execution department, which is in charge of judicial administration affairs such as court, procuratorial office and prison administration.

The former site of the Puppet Manchurian Ministry of Justice: No. 6, Xinmin Street, is now Bethune Medical Department of Xinmin campus of Jilin University.

Ministry of Agriculture

The middle school affiliated to Northeast Normal University, located at 8 liberty Road, was the puppet Manchu Ministry of agriculture, which was in charge of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and aquatic products in Northeast China.

The former site of the puppet Manchu Ministry of Agriculture: No. 20, liberty Road, is now a middle school affiliated to Northeast Normal University.

Ministry of culture and education

To the East is the puppet Manchukuo Ministry of culture and education. After the surrender of Japan, this building was occupied by Changchun University at that time. After liberation, it was taken over by Northeast University. It is the teaching building of the primary school affiliated to Northeast Normal University.

The former site of the puppet Manchu Ministry of culture and education: No. 18, liberty Road, is now the primary school affiliated to Northeast Normal University.

Ministry of people's livelihood

The former site of the puppet Manchukuo Ministry of people's livelihood is located at 133 Renmin Street, Jilin Petrochemical Design Institute. The Ministry of people's livelihood was formerly known as the Ministry of civil affairs. It was renamed "Ministry of people's livelihood" in 1937 and "Ministry of health and welfare" in March 1945.

The former site of the Ministry of people's livelihood of Manchukuo: 77 Renmin Street, now Jilin Petrochemical Design Institute.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs

The French style building at No. 30 Jianshe street is the Puppet Manchurian Ministry of foreign affairs. It was built in 1934 with a construction area of 9700 square meters and was designed and constructed by a French construction contractor. After liberation, after several twists and turns, it was used by Jilin Dongfang real estate development company.

The former site of the puppet Manchu Ministry of Foreign Affairs: No. 1, Puqing Hutong, now Jilin Academy of social sciences.

Distribution map of each department

According to the "daxinjing metropolitan plan", most of the office buildings of the administrative organs of Manchuria government are arranged in Shuntian Street (now Xinmin Street, Chaoyang District, Changchun City, Jilin Province, China) and its vicinity, forming a "Guanting Street" with office buildings arranged on both sides of a 1500 meter long and 60 meter wide boulevard (with a belt garden in the center). At the north end of the street is the construction land of the new palace of Manchukuo (Puyi's new palace), at the south side of the street are the office buildings of the State Council and government departments of Manchukuo, and at the south end of the street is the office building of the comprehensive FA Ya beside Anmin square (now Changchun Xinmin Square). Most of the large-scale office buildings were built from 1932 to 1936. These buildings adopt the traditional roof style of China and Japan, and are known as Xingya style buildings with Oriental architectural characteristics. They use land

Chinese PinYin : Wei Man Ba Da Bu