Qinglongwan River

Jianhe river, Qinglong Bay

synonym

Qinglongwan River generally refers to qinglongwan river

Qinglongwan Jianhe river, qinglongwan River, also known as wangjiawu River and Shangyin River, is a tributary of the North Canal flood diversion channel and chaobaixin River in Haihe River Basin. It starts from the northwest of tumenlou village, Xianghe County, Hebei Province, passes through the flood gate of tumenlou hub of North Canal, and then flows southeast through Wuqing District and Baodi District of Tianjin city. The original length is 65.55 km. After the diversion, to Nanli, from Gubei into Chaobai new river. It is 52.5km long after the diversion.

Jianhe river in qinglongwan was built in Qing Dynasty. After its completion, it can stabilize the water level and protect the navigation channel of the North Canal. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the main task is flood discharge. It played an important role in the flood distribution of the North Canal and the southwest of Beijing.

General situation of main stream

The Jianhe river in qinglongwan is an artificial river channel excavated for the purpose of releasing the flood from the North Canal. Baodi County annals, also known as the qinglongwan River, also known as wangjialiyin River and shangyinhe River, was recorded in the ninth year of Yongzheng reign of Qing Dynasty (1731)

）(1) the eighth year of Yongzheng reign in the Qing Dynasty, 1730

）In order to release the flood of the North Canal and Chaobai River, reduce the flood burden of the main stream of the north canal below tumenlou, and facilitate shipping, qinglongwan Jianhe river was built. The upstream starts from wangjiajia River in Xianghe County, Hebei Province (so it is called wangjiajia Jianhe river. Jianhe river in Qing Dynasty is generally named after the flood diversion port), the wangjiajia gate of the North Canal (Dalongwan) in the north of tumenlou village and the south of Hongmiao village (rebuilt as tumenlou gate in 1973), and flows southeast through Wuqing District, enters Baodi District in the northwest of Pangjiawan village, and leaves in the south of xiaotaozhuang village It is about 70.5 kilometers (65.5 kilometers) in length

）。 This is the old road of qinglongwan river.

From the winter of 1971 to May of 1972, the Haihe River control headquarters of Hebei Province organized Tangshan and Baoding to complete the diversion project of Jianhe river in qinglongwan. The dredging section starts from 5.45 km below langerwo, with a length of 2.95 km. Starting from badaogu, it is diverted to the north of xiaoyangzhuang and the south of dayangzhuang, and then to Nanli, from the north of badaogu to chaobaixinhe, with a total length of 12.15 km (115 km)

）。

The dredged qinglongwan River (from wangjiazhakou in Xianghe County to daliupo North in Baodi County) is 52.45 km long, 32.55 km long in Baodi County, with a dike distance of 250 m to 288 m, a dike top height of 10.79 m to 8 m, a river bottom width of 50 m to 140 m, and a river bottom elevation of 2.46 m to - 1.6 M. After the excavation of "diverting water from qinglongwan to chaobaixin River", the middle and upper reaches of qinglongwan River were diverted from badaogu to chaobaixin river.

The original road below badaogu has been changed into a seasonal river for farmland drainage and irrigation. The existing old qinglongwan River Road in Baodi County (badaogu to Baodi, Ninghe district boundary) is 175 km long, with a dike distance of 300 m to 2100 m, a dike top height of 8.3 m to 4 m, a river bottom width of 15 m to 20 m, a river bottom elevation of - 0.8 m to - 1.45 m, and a discharge of 20 cubic meters.

hydrographic features

Qinglongwan Jianhe river is a man-made channel, and its flow is controlled by the flood flow of each hub. According to the design, the design discharge under tumenlou sluice is 1330 m3 / s, the check discharge is 1620 m3 / s, the design discharge under langerwo flood diversion culvert is 430 m3 / s, the check discharge is 720 m3 / s, and the flood discharge capacity of qinglongwan river below langerwo is 900 m3 / s.

On July 21, 2012, Beijing experienced the largest precipitation in 61 years. The highest water level at langerwo flood diversion gate of Jianhe river in qinglongwan is 8.16m, which is 0.06m higher than the flood diversion level.

Engineering background

Qinglongwan Jianhe river is the flood diversion channel of the North Canal. The North Canal is one of the four rivers in the Haihe River system. In history, the North Canal was mainly controlled by water transport, and no large-scale flood control project was built. Therefore, the river was silted, the dykes were broken, and there were many dangerous works. According to county records: since the Ming Dynasty, the flood disaster in Tongxian county is closely related to this river. From 1883 to 1897, there were 15 consecutive floods, which were the most serious floods in history. During the period of the Republic of China, because of years of warlords' scuffle, no one was involved in the control of water disasters. Around 1935, the river Affairs Bureau moved out of Tongxian County, which made the dilapidated north canal embankment in a state of no management. In 1939, there was a huge flood, the North Canal levee burst, and the flood overflowed. TongZhou hydrological station measured that the maximum peak flow at that time was 1670 cubic meters per second, resulting in the tragic scene of flooding Tongzhou city. After the flood, tens of thousands of victims gathered on the north canal embankment outside Tongzhou City, homeless.

During the 640 years (1271-1912) of yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the development of shipping industry was at its peak. It was not until the reign of Yongzheng that the qinglongwan river was excavated for flood diversion.  

engineering construction

River excavation

In 1729, the Qing government built the qinglongwan Jianhe dam in tumenlou. In 1731, the qinglongwan Jianhe river was excavated. In 1926, on the basis of the Jianhe dam, it was rebuilt into a sluice with 40 holes, 3 meters each. The lower mouth of Jianhe river in qinglongwan was Qilihai, and Dahuangpuwa was the flood diversion area formed by the breach of langerwo.

After the construction of tumenlou to dagoushou qinglongwan approach dike in 1729, the next year, Xianghe, Wuqing and Baodi counties started work to open qinglongwan approach dike in the section from dagoushou to gaozhuanghu for 45 kilometers. Under gaozhuanghu, East and West dikes were built, but there was no channel. After the connection, one part of the North Canal was flooded, from which the river slowly overflowed into the downstream Wadian Qilihai (now in Ninghe county). At this time, there was little danger.

In the fifth year of Qianlong (1740), in order to release the water to the west of Qinglong Bay, from the Li family, through dabaozhuang and Erwangzhuang, through Panzhuang and into Qilihai, a small paili river was dug and named Dongdian River (which does not exist today). In the first year of Guangxu (1875), a stone gate was built from dabaozhuang in the west to gaozhuanghu YueDi in the west of gaozhuanghu village.

In the seventh year of Guangxu (1881), a channel was dug under gaozhuanghu to reach Qilihai. In 1888, it was connected with the lower Ningchegu River and led into beitangkou. At this time, because the North Canal has been silted up for a long time, the upstream water is difficult to accommodate in the rainy season, so the burden of qinglongwan River to reduce water is increased year by year. At the same time, the bottom of qinglongwan river is high, the dyke is not firm, and the end of the river is not smooth, so it is often in danger.

River regulation

In 1890, the new dike in the east of qinglongwan river was destroyed, and only the new dike in the West was left, forming a semi-circular slow water area. In 1927, the North China Water Conservancy Commission conducted a survey and determined the construction, which widened the tail end of qinglongwan approach River, with 570000 cubic meters of earth moving. In 1945, wubaoning and xiangwubao united with the county democratic government to organize migrant workers to clear the lower reaches of qinglongwan River Estuary and repair the residual dike in the upper reaches of qinglongwan river.

After the flood in 1949, the people's Government of Baodi County organized migrant workers to build up the niujiapai and other breach. After that, three large-scale annual repairs were carried out in 1950, 1963 and 1964, with a total earth volume of about 4.56 million cubic meters, and the dike was basically solid. Among them, from 1950 to 1951, the 325 km reach from tumenlou to langerwo of Jianhe river in Qinglong Bay was dredged, which can discharge the flood of North Canal by 1200 m3 / s. The temporary flood diversion gate was modified in langerwo, and Dahuangpuwa below the gate was opened as a flood storage and detention area.  

In 1963, there was a flood in the Haihe River Basin during the flood season. On November 17, Chairman Mao Zedong issued a great call to "eradicate the Haihe River". In the early stage, the backbone rivers of the south line were first treated. From the winter of 1971 to the spring of 1973, the comprehensive construction of the north and South lines was carried out. The north line began to treat the four North rivers Jiyun, Chaobai, Yongding and North Canal.

In July 1971, the Ministry of water and electricity held a meeting of Hebei, Shandong, Henan, Beijing and Tianjin provinces in Beijing, and decided to conduct a comprehensive investigation and Study on the flood control, waterlogging removal and water conveyance of the whole line of the North Canal. In November 1971, the supplementary planning report of the North Canal was put forward, and in June 1972, the preliminary design of the treatment project of the main stream of the North Canal was put forward The design discharge is 850-1330 m3 / s, and the check discharge is 1155-1845 m3 / s. The tumenlou flood diversion sluice of qinglongwan Jianhe river is reconstructed, and all the flood is discharged from qinglongwan Jianhe river.

In 1971, the qinglongwan river regulation project was included in the plan for radical cure of Haihe River. In that year, a 115 km long channel was excavated to lead qinglongwan River into the tide, starting from badaogu and ending at daliupo. The flood in the flood season was discharged from chaobaixin River to the sea, and the old channel below badaogu became a seasonal river. A flood diversion sluice will be built at langerwo on the right bank, with a discharge of 430 second cubic meters. When the discharge above the flood diversion sluice exceeds 1330 second cubic meters, the sluice will be used to divert flood to dahuangbaowa. At the same time, in order to discharge the water along the river, 7 pumping stations have been built successively in Pangjiawan, shizigang, niujiapai, xilaoyakou, donglaoyakou, badaogu, daliupo, etc., with 52 units installed, with a total pumping capacity of 102.65 cubic meters.

In 1973, during the period of radical cure of Haihe River, the tumenlou flood gate and langerwo were rebuilt

Chinese PinYin : Qing Long Wan He