Huang Yaguan the Great Wall

Huang Yaguan the Great Wall

Huangyaguan Great Wall is located in the mountains 28 kilometers north of Jizhou District, Tianjin. In history, there are 18 Shouying piers and abutments in Jizhou city, of which Huangyaguan is one and the most important pass. Founded in 556 ad, Qi Jiguang, a famous general of the Ming Dynasty, once redesigned and renovated the brick when he was the commander in chief of Jizhen. Huangyaguan Great Wall is an important pass of Jizhen Great Wall in Ming Dynasty, and it is also the only pass city in the territory.

General situation

Huangyaguan Great Wall is located in the mountains 28 kilometers north of Jizhou District, Tianjin. It was built in 556 ad. it is a world cultural heritage and one of the first 4A scenic spots in China. Huangyaguan Great Wall, which reaches Malan pass in Zunhua city of Hebei Province in the East and Jiangjun pass in Pinggu of Beijing in the west, is a 42 km long part of the ancient Great Wall of China. It has 66 towers, 52 enemy towers and 14 beacon towers. It is a military dangerous place in Jingdong. From September 1984 to September 1987, the army and the people worked together to repair 3025 meters of side walls and 20 enemy platforms. It is the longest part of the great wall restoration project in China. In 1990, the great wall of Huangyaguan was selected as "ten scenes of Jinmen".

Huangya pass city is an important pass of Jizhen Great Wall in Ming Dynasty, and it is also the only pass city in the county. The rocks on the east side of Guancheng cliff are mostly yellowish brown. When the sun shines, it is resplendent. It is known as "shining yellow cliff at night", so Guancheng gets its name.

geographical position

Huangyaguan Great Wall, with Guancheng as the center, extends to the two cliffs of Weihe River, reaches banlacang mountain in the East with pinghuang cliff, and wangmaoding mountain in the West with Cliff as its leaning. The whole section of the Great Wall is built on the ridge at an altitude of 736 meters. The architectural features of this section of the great wall are: there are bricks and stones in the platform wall, square and round in the enemy tower, hollow and solid in the brick masonry. There is the first Great Wall Museum and a forest of contemporary Great Wall steles.

Huangyaguan Great Wall has a long history, many changes, ingenious layout and complete facilities. It has become a masterpiece in the history of great wall architecture, as well as the Great Wall Museum, "Shuiguan" and "baguacheng" stone inscription forest and other scenic spots.

Since 1994, Huangyaguan Great Wall has been named as "patriotism education base", "national defense education base" and "top ten places for youth cultural activities and entertainment" by Tianjin municipal Party committee and government.

Historical evolution

Huangyaguan Great Wall was built in 556, the seventh year of Tianbao in the Northern Qi Dynasty.

In the Tang Dynasty, Anlu mountain stationed its elite troops here - Xiongwu army. Du Fu wrote in his poem Yuyang: "in the north of Lushan Mountain, the city of Xiongwu was built, and the old defense was defeated and returned to its camp. I'd like to ask Yanqi why he needs 100000 soldiers today. " The Xiongwu city in the poem is Huangyaguan. "Fang Yu minutes" contains: "Xiongwu city in the northeast of the state, Tang Tianbao six years (747 years) built in Anlu mountain."

In the Ming Dynasty, Qi Jiguang was the commander-in-chief of Jiliao and guarded Jizhou for 16 years. During this period, he rebuilt the great wall of Huangyaguan and built Phoenix Tower, Bagua street and many other buildings.

Huangyakou pass was built in Yongle of Ming Dynasty, Taiping village was built in the second year of Chenghua (1466). After overhaul in Longqing and Wanli years, a defense engineering system with complete facilities such as Zhengguan, Shuikou, dongxishaocheng and zhuandun was built.

According to the records of Jizhou written by Kangxi of Qing Dynasty, "the side wall of Huangyaguan is 93 Li, which starts from lanmayu in the East and ends at songpengding in the West. There are 45 buildings and eight piers, and there are 49 Mu and 7 Fen of grain storage land." There have been countless thrilling wars here.

From 1985 to 1987, the Huangyaguan and TAIPINGZHAI open points of the ancient Great Wall in Jixian County were restored. A total of 3025 meters of walls, 20 towers, 1 baguaguan City, 1 Zhengguan building and 1 zhaibao were restored, which is the longest one in the restoration of the Great Wall in China. From October 1986 to September 1987, the third phase of Huangyaguan restoration project was carried out, and Huangyaguan Great Wall Museum was built to display ancient weapons, life relics of garrison soldiers and tablet inscriptions. At the same time, the "forest of hundred generals' ink inscriptions" and "forest of hundred families' ink inscriptions" were built.

From April to July 1992, the Shuiguan was repaired. In September, a forest of inscriptions on Mao Zedong's poems was built.

Architectural features

Guancheng is composed of Zhengguan, Shuiguan, dongxishaocheng and piers. Zhengguan, namely Guancheng, is the main body of Huangya Guancheng, which is in the shape of irregular handle on the West Bank of the river. The perimeter of the city wall is 890 meters, covering an area of 38000 square meters. There is a sub City, a village in the city, and the streets are in the shape of eight trigrams. On the top of the south gate is a white jade plaque with regular script "Huangyaguan". In the south of the building, there is a structure block, with the inscription "Jibei Xiongguan" on the yang side and "Jintang" on the Yin side. The north wall extends eastward to Shuiguan. Shuiguan is a bridge and cave style building with battlements on top and arched water tunnel on the bottom. It is the only Shuiguan in the Great Wall. In 1996, the remaining Guancheng was destroyed again, leaving only the pebbles of the northern wall. Now Huangyaguan has become a tourist attraction, with hundreds of thousands of Chinese and foreign tourists every year.

It's 30 kilometers north of Jizhou district. It starts from banlacang mountain in the East and ends at wangmaoding mountain in the west, with a total length of 3025 meters. Guancheng is an important place for government office and storage. It is adjacent to the river in the East, and a five hole bridge type water gate is built between the river valleys. On the west side of the Great Wall, there are brick walls, stone walls, dangerous Gables, split gables and other forms of walls built according to local conditions. Along the line, there are 20 enemy towers and buttresses, which are square, round, brick and stone. Among them, Fenghuang building, which is located on the isolated peak 1km north of Guan, is a round brick building with a diameter of 16.1m at the bottom and a height of 18.3m. It has two upper and lower floors, and is rarely seen in other places. As a result of years of disrepair, coupled with the "Cultural Revolution" was destroyed, the walls collapsed. From 1984 to 1987, Tianjin Municipal People's government and people from all walks of life raised funds to repair, build the Panshan highway, and build the Great Wall Museum, the Great Wall forest of Steles and resorts.

Great Wall office, warehouse. It is adjacent to the river in the East and wangmaoding mountain in the West. Built in the shape of a mountain, it is shaped like an irregular knife handle. From east to west, it is composed of three parts: the urn City, the outer city and the inner city. The East, West and south sides of the city wall are equipped with thoroughfare gates and towers. Because of the need of defense, the north wall does not have gates, but the Arctic Pavilion is built on the platform. The ground height difference between the inner and outer cities is 4 meters, and one array eye gate is set at the South and North ends to connect the inner and outer cities. Instead of checkerboard layout, the streets in the city are composed of dozens of dead alleys, living alleys and dingtou dislocation, which are called "Bagua Street". During the walk, it gives people a sense of mystery. It was restored in 1987, with the pattern and orientation of Qian, gen, Zhen, Xun, Li, Kun and dou. In the center of the city, the "huangyakou Promotion Office" was set up as the Great Wall Museum. Qiangua district established a forest of 100 generals, 100 schools and Mao Zedong's poems. It is a Great Wall scenic spot with complete domestic tourism facilities.

Main attractions

Huangyaguan Great Wall has 20 towers, one baguaguan City, one Zhengguan building and one zhaibao. Huangyaguan city has distinctive architectural features, which constitutes a complete fortification system. Including the city wall and four gatehouses. The gate tower of the south city is engraved with "Huangya pass", the gate tower of the north city is inscribed with "Huangya pass", and the wall is built with "Arctic Pavilion", also known as "Xuanwu Temple". The streets in Guancheng are the famous "eight trigrams Street", also known as "eight trigrams enchantment array", which are composed of the dead lane and the living lane, which are easy to get out. Outside Guancheng, there is a round hollow enemy tower, the famous Phoenix Tower. From then on, to the south is the huangyashuiguan pass across the Weihe River; to the west is the Great Wall mountain tourist area with the main contents of the wall and the beacon on the top of Wangmao mountain; to the East is the TAIPINGZHAI Great Wall tourist area, where there is an eye-catching square enemy tower, called "widow tower". On the top of the mountain is a black circular stone tower, which was built during the Tianbao period of the Northern Qi Dynasty.

Huangyaguan Great Wall tourist area includes three wonders: "sunset on Huangya", "Erlong Xizhu" and "Yanbo in the sea of clouds", which has four major characteristics: majestic, dangerous, beautiful and ancient. After restoration, the great wall of Huangyaguan has restored its ancient simplicity and grandeur, and on this basis, a number of cultural landscapes have been built. The first Great Wall Museum in China was built on the basis of the central office of the governor of Bagua street. A large-scale stele forest of Huangyaguan Great Wall was built in the street, including Baijiang and Baijia stele forest, Mao Zedong's poetry and ink inscription stele forest and seal cutting stele forest, as well as baisongyuan and bamboo carving mingliantang. A stone statue of Qi Jiguang was also built on the stone platform of the square inside the great wall of TAIPINGZHAI On the east side of Huangya pass, Baxian lake water playground has been built. The main attractions are:

Huangya Zhengguan

It is also called xiaoyanmen pass. Built in the Ming Dynasty, it is a famous pass along the great wall and the only pass city in Jixian County. The wall is 2152 meters long, connecting widow building in the East and wangmaoding mountain in the West. It includes the city wall of Wengcheng pass, four gate towers in the East, West, North and south, as well as the turret, gate hole, water gate, water gate, memorial archway, Bagua street, zuomakeng, tidiao office and Phoenix Tower outside the city. Above the river, there is a water gate connected by a five hole bridge, with crenels and perforations on the top and iron fences on the bottom. Water can flow, but people and horses can't cross it. Huangya Zhengguan, on the west side of Shuiguan, is built with the building "Arctic Pavilion", commonly known as Guandi temple.

Taiping Village and dianjiangtai

Taiping village is located in xiaoping'an village, 1km southeast of Huangyaguan. The altitude is 400-500m. The total length is 873 meters. Taiping Village controls Chongshan Valley to the east of Huangyaguan city. The Valley Road in the north of the village is called the tartar valley. During the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, tartar once broke the city and entered the pass, so it was named. On the east side of the great wall of TAIPINGZHAI, a new entrance style access road to the city is built, and the stone forehead of "TAIPINGZHAI" is embedded on the door. Taiping village has six arched structures, one pier and one access gate. There is a road in front of the access road to the city

Chinese PinYin : Huang Ya Guan Zhang Cheng