Keyuan

Keyuan

Located in xiboxha village, Dongguan City, Keyuan is the representative work of Lingnan Garden. Together with Shunde Qinghui garden, Foshan Liangyuan garden and Panyu Yuyin Shanfang, Keyuan is known as the four major Lingnan gardens in Qing Dynasty. It was first built in 1850 A.D. in the thirtieth year of Daoguang reign of the Qing Dynasty, and was basically completed in 1864. With an area of 2204 square meters, Keyuan is characterized by exquisite design, which artistically integrates residence, living room, villa, courtyard, garden and study. In three acres of three (2204 Square) land, pavilions, mountains and rivers, bridges and trees, halls, pavilions and courtyards are all available. The outer edge is triangular, surrounded by a green brick wall. There are one floor, six pavilions, five pavilions, six platforms, five pools, three bridges, nineteen halls, and fifteen rooms in it. Most of them are named after "Ke", such as Ke Lou, Ke Xuan, Ke Tang, Ke Zhou, etc.

The founder of Keyuan, Zhang Jingxiu, is proficient in calligraphy, painting, Qin, chess, poetry and Fu. He also invited scholars to gather together. Ju Chao and Ju Lian, the founders of the Jupai, founded and taught the techniques of making bones and smashing water and powder in the past ten years, so as to carry them forward and create a precedent for Lingnan Painting School. Keyuan has collected works of art by Zhang Jingxiu, founder of Keyuan, Juchao and Julian. Keyuan is a national key cultural relic protection unit.

brief introduction

Located in xiboxha village, Dongguan City, Keyuan is one of the four famous gardens in Guangdong in the Qing Dynasty. It is also a representative work of Lingnan Garden. The predecessors praised it as "a blessed land to be envied in the world, and a fairy palace in the sky". Together with Shunde Qinghui garden, Foshan Liangyuan garden and Panyu Yuyin Shanfang garden, they are known as the four famous gardens in central Guangdong in Qing Dynasty. Founded in 1850 A.D. in the thirtieth year of Daoguang in the Qing Dynasty, it was Zhang Jingxiu, a native of Guancheng

Zhang Jingxiu was sent to Guangxi as an official because he had made great contributions to building the fort in Dongguan. Later, he returned home because of his brother's death and his mother's illness, so he built Keyuan. It was not until 1864 that it was basically completed. With an area of 2204 square meters, the outer edge is triangular and surrounded by green brick walls. There are one floor, six pavilions, five pavilions, six platforms, five pools, three bridges, nineteen halls, and fifteen rooms in the park. Most of them are named after "Ke", such as Ke Lou, Ke Xuan, Ke Tang, Ke Zhou, etc. the buildings are of the same water polished blue brick structure. The highest building, Kelou, is 17.5 meters high. Along the stone steps on the side of the building, you can climb to the top. The pavilion is surrounded by bright windows and cornices. You can see the scenery of Dongguan City from the windows.

Historical evolution

Dongguan Keyuan, Shunde Qinghui garden, Panyu Yuyin Shanfang garden and Foshan Liangyuan garden are known as the four famous gardens in Modern Guangdong. It was built in 1850 A.D. in Daoguang of the Qing Dynasty. It is characterized by small area and exquisite design. It artistically integrates residence, living room, villa, courtyard, garden and study. In three acres of three (2204 Square) land, pavilions, mountains, rivers, bridges, trees, Tang Xuan Yuan, all together. It is made of wood, stone and blue brick, but the architecture is very particular. The windows, railings, beauties and even the floor are all of their own styles. Its layout is high and low, everywhere interlinked, twists and turns, complicated. The keynote is that there is scenery in the empty space, not emptiness in the sparse space, big in the small, dense but not forced, interesting in the quiet, and fragrant in the quiet. In addition, the decoration is fresh and elegant, and flowers are planted in water, which is rich in southern characteristics. It is a treasure of Guangdong gardens. Zhang Jingxiu, the founder of Keyuan, was a military officer. He went to Jiangxi Province to serve as an acting political envoy. He was proficient in calligraphy, painting, music, chess, poetry and Fu. He also invited scholars to gather together, which made Keyuan one of the sources of modern culture in Guangdong. Juchao and Julian founded and taught flower and bird painters in Keyuan for ten years, which is the first time for Lingnan Painting School. Today, Keyuan has become a national key cultural relic protection unit, which has been continuously improved and become even more impressive.

There are different explanations for the name of Keyuan, but one thing is the same, that is, the garden is "can be enjoyed". Keyuan is characterized by its small area and exquisite design. It artistically integrates residence, living room, villa, courtyard, flower bed and study together. In three acres of land, pavilions, mountains and rivers, bridges and pavilions, halls, pavilions and courtyards are all available. Although the structure is made of wood, stone and green brick, the architecture is very particular. The window carving, railing, beauty seat and even the floor are all of their own styles. Its layout is high and low, everywhere interlinked, twists and turns, complicated. The keynote is that there is scenery in the empty space, not emptiness in the sparse space, big in the small, dense but not forced, interesting in the quiet, and fragrant in the quiet. In addition, the decoration is fresh and elegant, and flowers are planted in water, which is rich in southern characteristics. It is a treasure of Guangdong gardens. Today, Keyuan has become a national key cultural relics protection unit. In 1997, with the attention and care of Dongguan municipal Party committee and government, Keyuan scenic area expanded from 5.5 mu (3630 square meters) to 30 mu (20000 square meters), which has been continuously improved and become more attractive.

artistic characteristics

Although Keyuan covers a small area, it is rich in buildings, mountains and pools, flowers and trees. In gardening, the technique of "close mountain forest" is used, so the scenery of nature can be reproduced in the limited space. The garden is adjacent to Zhongda pond in the village in the north. The buildings are divided into southwest and northeast groups, separated by a garden. There are a total of one floor, six pavilions, five pavilions, six platforms, five pools, three bridges, nineteen halls and fifteen rooms in the park. They turn left and turn right to communicate with each other. They are connected by more than 130 different doors, corridors and corridors. The design is exquisite and the layout is novel. The first major feature of Keyuan is that it extends in all directions. Sun Tzu's art of war is integrated into the architecture of Keyuan, which has become a major feature of the whole garden. There are more than 130 entrances and 108 columns in the garden, such as pavilions, pavilions, pavilions, bridges, corridors, embankments, etc. the whole layout is like the eight diagrams of Kongming in the Three Kingdoms. If people are not careful in the garden, they are likely to lose their way, just like entering the eight diagrams.

The second characteristic of Keyuan is its elegant style. Although Zhang Jingxiu holds a military position, he has a deep knowledge of piano, chess, calligraphy and painting. Therefore, although the whole garden tends to be military, part of it is very elegant.

Main attractions

There is a lotus pond in front of the gate of the garden. Beside the pond, there is a servant stone (lost) and the place where the horse stopped the sedan chair. After entering the living room and arriving at the Red Pavilion, the magnificent and deep garden scenery gradually unfolds in front of us. You can see the moon worship Pavilion, Yaoxian cave, Orchid Pavilion, Quchi, arch bridge, as well as the library Pavilion, Diaoyutai, quqiao, Xiaoxie and so on. You can say that there are different views everywhere. Ketang is the main building of Keyuan, and it is also the most solemn building. In front of the building, there is a zigzag pool with a height of more than 15 meters. The hall on the ground floor is named kexuan. There are stone steps on its side, winding up to the Lvqi building, and connecting to the second and third floors of the building. On the fourth floor, you can enjoy the scenery of the garden. The pavilion is made of water milled blue brick structure, with brown and red brick steps on the floor, decorated with flower terrace, flower path and rockery. It is connected by green corridor to form a whole. At that time, the painter Ju Lian often lived here, leaving many chants. It was once abandoned and turned into a park after the founding of the people's Republic of China.

Walking into the garden, you can see the famous huanbi corridor. The corridor surrounds the whole garden, and the whole landscape can be seen in one circle. The beginning of huanbi corridor is located in "Baohong Xiaoxie". "Braohong" means to peel litchi. Braohong Pavilion is the place where the host invites literary friends to taste litchi. The first scenic spot is the osmanthus hall, which is a restaurant in the garden. Its distinctive features are its clear water fish pond and "artificial air conditioning". Shuangqing room is another scenic spot in Keyuan. Its structure is very wonderful: the buildings, floors, ceiling and window sashes in the hall are all illustrated with the word "Ya". It is said that the word "Ya" is auspicious. Shuangqing room is the place used by the master of the garden to recite the wind and the moon. It is named "Shuangqing" according to the scenery of Zhanming bridge and Quchi reflecting the moon in front of the hall. "Shuangqing" is followed by "ask flower courtyard", which is the place for the host to enjoy the flowers. Along the ring green corridor, we step out of the "ask flower courtyard" and come to a vast space. The flower and fruit altar in the garden is full of green, which is called "pot in the sky". "Pot in the sky" without any building, it is relying on the four sides of the building and the formation of an independent space, is the master of the garden playing chess and drinking tea in a small world. From here out of the backyard, the vast lake can be shown in front of you, making you feel good physically and mentally. "Ketang" is the most solemn building in Keyuan. During the Mid Autumn Festival, on the night of full moon, people can enjoy the autumn scenery. If you go further, you will get to the end of huanbi corridor. The highest place of Keyuan is "Yaoshan Pavilion", which is the best place for the host to see the distant and near scenery. "Invited mountain Pavilion" carved beams and painted buildings, beautiful shape, climb here, overlooking the whole garden, the garden scenery are vividly remembered, like a continuous picture. Looking from afar, you can see the beauty of the mountains and rivers in the area of Bo Xia, which is very wonderful. Under the "invited mountain Pavilion" is Lvqi piano building, which is the place where the master plays the piano and where the female family members live. It is called Miss building. It is said that during the Xianfeng Period of the Qing Dynasty, the owner of the garden got an ancient Qin from the Tang Dynasty, named Lvqi Tai Qin. He built this building to collect this Qin, named Lvqi Lou. Lvqi building has set up a piano book meeting project, which reproduces the life of a lady who lived 150 years ago. When people enter the Lvqi building, they seem to have the feeling of going back in time. It is really a place where both refined and popular tastes can be enjoyed.

Historical anecdotes

It is said that before Zhang Jing built the garden, he named it "Yiyuan" in his heart, which means "satisfied" and "agreeable". After the completion of the building, Zhang Jingxiu invited scholars to hold a banquet to let people appreciate it. Zhang Jingxiu invited the poets to visit the whole garden and solicited people's opinions at the gate. I don't know if I was intoxicated by wine, or is this garden really wonderful? The guests couldn't find the right words to praise, and they couldn't express their position first, so they all said, "yes, yes!"

Although the word "can" is a general and empty word to deal with and evade, the speaker has no intention and the listener has intention. Zhang Jingxiu saw that everyone agreed to do it“

Chinese PinYin : Ke Yuan