Lai Chi Wan Chung

Litchi Bay

synonym

Lizhiwanyong generally refers to lizhiwan (a famous scenic spot in Liwan District, Guangzhou)

Lizhiwan, lizhiyong, full name of lizhiwanyong, is a famous scenic spot in Liwan District of Guangzhou city. Litchi Bay is old and new. The old one is located near the rainbow bridge in Sima Chung, Liwan Road, which is the former site of litchi Bay. New litchi Bay is located in the area from Longjin road to Duobao Road, which is xiguanyong (upper and lower) around pantang. It has been called new litchi Bay since the late Qing Dynasty. Today's "litchi bay" refers to the latter.

The origin of litchi Bay

Historically, litchi Bay is connected with Zhilan Lake (now Liuhua Lake in Guangzhou City) in zhoumen village to the south of Sima Yong. It flows into the Pearl River after reaching Xichang in the west, which is "more than 30 miles wide"

”It is a scenic spot with a long history in Guangzhou.

There are still three places in zhoumen, East, West and south of Lixi (called Liwan in the 1930s), which are wrapped in a bay shape, which is consistent with the record of "seven Li in the west of the city" in the records of Linghai scenic spots. The old road of litchi Bay in zhoumen has a long history. Liwan District and Liwan road are named after it.

The rise and prosperity of litchi Bay:

The history of lizhiwan can be traced back to more than 2200 years ago when Guangzhou was built. In 206 B.C., Liu Bang, Emperor Gaozu of the Han Dynasty, sent Lu Jia to Guangzhou to persuade Zhao Tuo to surrender. At that time, Lu Jia was stationed in today's Xicun village. He built a mud city and planted flowers, lotus roots and lychees along the river. He began to manage this scenic spot, hence the name "lychee bay".

During the period of Nanyue Kingdom, Zhao Tuo built a Yuehua Pavilion (also known as Jianghu building) near the rainbow bridge on today's Xihua road to entertain and welcome Lu Jia. In Tang Dynasty, Zhang Jiuling's poem "walking with Wang Liulv at Xiaowang in Jinting, Guangzhou", and his poem "seeing off the judge of Zhou Dynasty in Guangzhou", there is a sentence that "Haijun is strong and manluo, Jinting is strong and Yuetai is strong". Jinting refers to Yuehua Pavilion.

In the Tang Dynasty, there was a famous garden named "Liyuan".

In the Southern Han Dynasty, Hualin garden was built in pantang, Changhua garden and Xiande garden in today's zhoumen area of Zhongshan eighth Road, and Fanghua garden and Fangchun garden in the north of Zhilan lake

. When the Li was ripe, the emperor Liu Wei and his favorite imperial concubines enjoyed the Li tour in the imperial court

Happy, extravagant, known as the "red cloud banquet.".

In the Yuan Dynasty, there was a lemon Royal Garden in the West Garden of litchi Bay. The lemon was used to make the tribute of the Yuan Dynasty. Zhoumen, located between ximayong and shangxiguanyong, still has the place name of "xiyuandi" and lizhiwan, which proves the location of the garden area since Tang and Song dynasties.

The former site of Zhilan Lake still has "Lan Hu Li" and Liuhua bridge.

In the Ming Dynasty, litchi Bay was praised by literati as "a bay of green water, litchi red on both sides", and "Liwan Fishing Song" was listed as one of the Eight Sights of Yangcheng.

In the late Qing Dynasty, there used to be a Chua's private garden in Nan'an village near Sima Chung, which covers an area of about 23000 square meters. With today's huancuiyuan street as the main axis, it is paved with a 3-meter-wide white stone road, with a boat hall, an Italian style glass hall and a Wangyun thatched cottage on both sides. The three room Yuanshan Caigong ancestral hall in the park covers an area of more than 4000 square meters. The building materials are exquisite, comparable to the Chen ancestral hall, which can be called the most famous ancestral hall in Guangzhou.

Changes of litchi Bay

In the Qing Dynasty, due to the fact that fujiado, a businessman in Xiguan, lived near the pantang section of xiguanyong and built gardens and residences there in succession, tourists came here. Because the fields around pantang village are also widely planted with litchi, xiguanyong near pantang is also known as "litchi bay", which is now known as new litchi Bay. "New" is located relative to the old site of litchi Bay. (the old lychee Bay began to be replaced and gradually became unknown.) During the reign of Daoguang in Jiaqing, there was a famous Lingnan Garden named "haishanxianguan" built by Pan Shicheng, a wealthy businessman in pantang. "In summer, under the green shade of the boat, the branches and leaves are covered. I don't know that there is steam in the world." Whenever "litchi is red and ripe, among the green trees, it is as if it is decorated with silk, and tourists take a boat to go boating in the stream, singing and learning from each other." The scene continued until the early 1950s.

The decline of litchi Bay

In the 1940s, with the expansion of Guangzhou City and the increase of urban population, both sides of litchi Bay became a place where vegetable farmers and poor people lived together. Residents cut down litchi trees to build houses. At the same time, simayong, near the old litchi Bay, became the modern industrial base of Guangzhou. Coking plants, dye plants and electroplating plants were set up, resulting in river pollution and continuous deterioration of water quality, which made it difficult to adapt to the growth of litchi trees.

The demise of litchi Bay: 1958. Liwan Lake Park has been opened up and some lakes and watercourses have been preserved. The watercourse can still be connected to Fengyuan bridge and Duobao bridge in the south, but the tributaries of the water system have been filled up and turned into streets. With the establishment of surrounding factories and population, the new litchi bay water system has become a stinky ditch. Before and after 1985, the watercourse from Liwan Lake to Duobao bridge was covered. In 1992, a watercourse from Panxi restaurant to Fengyuan bridge was built Also covered, the name of liwanyong once became history.

The reappearance of litchi Bay

In 1999, the Political Consultative Conference of Liwan District put forward a proposal on "rebuilding the old road of lizhiwan". In order to welcome the Guangzhou Asian Games and create the Asian Games landscape, the plan was implemented in 2009 and construction started in April 2010. In the early morning of October 16, 2010, the water of Liwan Lake was introduced into the river, and the last section of the river buried in 1992 came to light again. In just six months, the former Lai Chi Wan Chung has ushered in a new life. Lizhiwan project has become the "masterpiece" and precious heritage of Guangzhou Asian Games.

Transformation and rebirth

Phase I Project

How did the new litchi Bay regain its new life and reappear its beautiful scenery?

On the eve of the 2010 Guangzhou Asian Games, in order to create the legendary customs of Xiguan for Chinese and foreign tourists, Liwan District decided to implement the first phase of the project. At this stage, about 100 million yuan will be spent to excavate a 743 meter long part of lichiwan Chung hidden under pantang road. The rivers bring in water from Liwan Lake, and add antique buildings, renovate and whitewash the residential buildings around the scenic spots along the banks to reshape the scenery of lizhiwan.

second-phase project

In order to further reproduce the style and features of Xiguan and build Liwan water town like Venice, the second phase project of 4.26 billion yuan and 4.2 km in length was started in 2011. The river course of Xiguan 100 years ago will be re excavated to see the light again!

As the project needs to be demolished in Xiguan area, most of the funds are used for the resettlement of residents in the area.

The second phase of the project is divided into three sections with a total length of 4235m

The section from Zhujiang River to shiyangfang is 860 meters long, which was completed on December 22, 2012. The section from shiyangfang to shajiyong is restored to xiaxiguanyong, with a construction length of 2381 meters. The reconstruction area of Enning Road, which has attracted much attention, is within the scope of reconstruction.

The excavation of this section of the river will connect Baoqing Daya, Bruce Lee's ancestral residence (Guangzhou), Cantonese Opera Bahe guild hall, Zhan Tianyou's former residence, Li Wentian's tanhuadi Taihua building and Guangfu arcade in Enning Road area.

In addition, it has invested 434 million yuan to build an additional 22000 square meters of Guangdong opera art museum, which combines the style of Jiangsu and Zhejiang gardens, to spread the culture of Lingnan Cantonese opera.

The section from the first phase square of lichiwan to the international jade city of Hualin is restored to shangxiguanyong, passing through the main road Kangwang Road, with a length of 994 meters.

Long term planning

The old moat Hexi Haoyong will also be uncovered and restored

In the plan, the long-term plan of litchi Bay is also mentioned. After the completion of the third phase of reconstruction, some experts suggest that the old city protection Hexi Haoyong should be restored. The location of xihaoyong is parallel to today's Renmin Road. Experts suggest that xihaoyong should be uncovered and restored, and then the upper xiguanyong section should be extended to connect with the north section of xihaoyong, and the extension of dadiyong should connect with the middle section of xihaoyong. The northernmost part of xihaoyong is connected with simayong, and the southernmost part goes straight out of the Pearl River Estuary, with a total length of 2.6 km. At that time, the Qilou Street on Renmin Road and the enterprises and institutions along the line, including Guangzhou Daily, will be dependent on the Pearl River. The Pearl River water can flow in from the west of LiZhi Bay, flow out from Shamian Island, or flow to Xihao Bay and then south out of the Pearl River estuary. Under the action of tide, the Pearl River water will complete the circulation in Xiguan area. A magnificent picture of the ancient Xiguan river system will reappear in Liwan.

Message from leaders

On December 23, 2011, Zhang Guangning, then Secretary of the municipal Party committee, and other leaders spoke highly of the project at the completion ceremony of the second phase of the project.

"It's hard at the beginning. Today, the second phase is completed and the third phase starts at the same time, which is very meaningful. The reason why I have come here is not only to witness history, but also to hope that Liwan District will continue to work hard in the Post Asian Games era. " Zhang Guangning repeatedly stressed that water control in Guangzhou is not only a livelihood project, but also a cultural project, which can restore and refine the history and culture of Guangzhou.

Chen Jianhua: to build lizhiwan into a model of old city reconstruction: "we need to build lizhiwan into a new bright spot for night tour of the Pearl River and in-depth tour of Guangzhou." Chen Jianhua pointed out that it is necessary to combine urban construction with ecological restoration, improvement of people's livelihood, cultural heritage and economic development, and build litchi bay into a specimen of improving people's livelihood, a brand of cultural heritage and an old city reform

Chinese PinYin : Li Zhi Wan Yong