Kaju Temple

Kaju Temple

Tibetan Buddhism Kagyu monastery. It is located in xiayadong Township, Yadong county. It was founded in 1747. The temple is 50 meters long from east to west and 29 meters wide from north to south. It is surrounded by a 3-meter adobe wall. The mountain gate is located at the south end of the west wall. The entrance is a courtyard. The main hall is located in the northeast of the courtyard, facing south from north. It is 25 meters long from east to west and 19 meters wide from north to south. The plane is in the shape of "convex".

brief introduction

There are five stone steps in front of the hall, with two storeys of gatehouse. The bottom floor is the porch, and the porch mural was redrawn in 1985. In the center of the hall is the Sutra hall, with three rooms wide and three rooms deep. At the back of the Sutra hall, there is a 1.2-meter-high Xumi seat with a clay statue of lotus peanut master on it. The murals of the Sutra hall were also redrawn in 1985. On the west side of the Sutra hall is the Dharma protection temple, which has two wide faces and three deep faces. The Buddha statues in the hall were destroyed during the cultural revolution, but the original murals on the East and west walls are still preserved. The main contents are the Dharma protection deities of the tantric sect, including Vajrayana, Yihu, and auspicious Heavenly Mother. The murals are mainly line drawing, and focus on the use of halo dyeing technique to express the level and texture, which is related to the "wet wall painting" introduced from Nepal. The temple on the east side of the Sutra hall belongs to the Gelug Sect's Dharma protection temple. In the south of Gaju temple, there was a Gelug temple, named bashagomba, which was abandoned after the Tushan battle in 1888. In 1890, the 13th Dalai Lama ordered that the Dharma shrine of bashagongba be moved to the Gaju temple. The temple is 2 wide and 3 deep. The Buddha statues and murals were destroyed in the cultural revolution. The main hall has two floors. The upper floor is Gaju pozhang and the living Buddha house. It was destroyed during the cultural revolution and restored in 1985. The living Buddha of Gaju temple has been handed down for 11 generations, and the temple was the most prosperous in the period of the eighth living Buddha. There are many sub temples under the jurisdiction of Gaju temple, six of which are located outside the country. There are Gaju Gongba, Baidong Gongba and dejilin Gongba near karenburg in India, and dangta Gongba in Bhutan. The cultural relics in the Kaju temple were lost during the cultural revolution. The cultural relics in the temple include Thangka, embroidery, bronze Avalokitesvara on all sides and the wooden plaque of "dafangguang" inscribed by Sheng Tai, Minister of Tibet. In 1996, Gaju temple was listed as a cultural relic protection unit of Tibet Autonomous Region.

history

Gaju temple was founded in 1747 (the 12th year of the fire tiger in the Tibetan calendar). It was built under the leadership of zhuwangcang baada and gongmatanzhenida. It has a history of more than 150 years. It belongs to the Kaju temple. It is said that at the beginning of the 18th century, zhuwangcangbaada, a monk of the Xiangba Kagyu sect, came to Yandong renqingang and asked for a mountain, which is said to be formed naturally by Jinhai mother (Guangming tiannv, the princess of Shengle Jingang). A small temple, named cangza temple, was built on a platform at the navel of the mountain. Later, due to the large number of wild animals in renqingang, which often harmed livestock, mountain owner Rengang gongzha asked the Lama danzennida of cangzha temple for advice. Danzennida proposed to build a large temple under cangzha temple to suppress demons. So the Kaju temple was built in 1747.

Living Buddhas of all ages

The living Buddha of Gaju temple has been handed down for eleven generations

The first living Buddha, gongmanida;

The second living Buddha, chadaluo, pursues Qupei;

The third living Buddha, Jawa ciwang Luobu;

The fourth living Buddha, oujin Awang Yixi;

The fifth living Buddha, Awang quzajiacuo;

The sixth living Buddha, Awang qujijiacuo;

The seventh living Buddha, gongsangqumojiacuo;

The eighth living Buddha, gesangqumojiacuo;

The ninth living Buddha, tuden Weidan;

The tenth living Buddha, sangjijiacuo;

Xi Rao Deng Zeng, the 11th living Buddha.

Gaju temple was the most prosperous in the period of the eighth living Buddha, gesangqumojiacuo, with more than 50 lamas. There are many sub temples under its jurisdiction, of which six are outside China: kagyungmba, baidonggongba and dejilingmba near karenburg, India; banggashalin and zhragongba in Sikkim; dangtagongba in Bhutan.

Architectural features

General appearance of Kaju Temple

It covers an area of 1450 square meters (50 meters long from east to west and 29 meters wide from north to South). It is surrounded by adobe walls, up to 3 meters high; the door is at the south end of the west wall. The entrance is the courtyard. The main hall is located in the northeast of the courtyard, facing south from north, covering an area of 475 square meters (25 meters long from east to west and 19 meters wide from north to South), with a "convex" shape. Second floor: the upper floor is kajupozhang and living Buddha's house, which was destroyed during the cultural revolution and restored in 1985; the lower floor has porch, sutra hall, temple and other buildings. There are five stone steps in front of the main hall and two pillars in the porch. The frescoes on the four walls of the porch were redrawn in 1985. Only the original frescoes with a width of one meter are still preserved on the south wall of the porch. In the middle of the frescoes, Sakyamuni sits on the Lotus platform with a disciple holding a staff in front of him. Around the frescoes, Sakyamuni's small-scale sitting statues are painted. In the lower part of the frescoes, White Tara, Green Tara and ox head Vajra are painted.

Sutra Hall

In the center of the hall is the Sutra hall, with three rooms wide, three rooms deep and four columns neutral. At the back of the Sutra hall, there is a 1.2-meter-high Xumi seat, on which a clay statue of master lianhuasheng, newly molded in 1985, is worshipped. The murals on the four walls of the Sutra hall were also redrawn in 1985. Only in the north of the Tibetan wall, the original murals with a width of 2 meters are not preserved: the sitting statue of Sakyamuni Buddha with head light and backlight is painted in the middle; each of them serves a disciple holding a staff to support the alms, surrounded by the sitting statues of all the disciples; the lower row is the statue of White Tara and the four heavenly kings.

Dharma Shrine

On the west side of the Sutra hall is the Dharma protection temple, with 2 wide faces, 3 deep depths and 2 neutral columns. The Buddha statues in the hall were destroyed during the "Cultural Revolution", but the murals on the East and west walls are the most wonderful. The main contents of the murals are the tantric Dharma protectors: vajrangchi, Yihu God, auspicious Heavenly Mother and so on. Vajra sits on a huge white lion, with head light and backlight behind him; he wears a bun, with a naked upper body, a collar and necklace on his chest, a bracelet on his wrist, and a foot bracelet on his feet; he holds a conch in his left hand and a tin rod in his right hand, surrounded by four armored heavenly kings, with a dignified look. Yihushen has nine heads, three eyes on each side and five skull crowns on each head. His hair is strong and looks like a flame. He has a human skin scarf and a snake on his neck and a necklace on his head. He has a python around his waist and numerous eyes on his body. He bares his angry eyes and buckteeth. He also has eyes on his two arms, holding bows and arrows in his left hand and magic weapons in his right hand It sets off the majesty and terror of Yihu God and makes people scared. The mother of auspicious heaven is angry, wearing a skull crown, three eyes, eyes wide open, mouth roaring, four arms holding a staff, Vajra pestle and other magic tools, sitting on a white mule; the white mule has an eye on the hip; the top left of the mother of auspicious heaven is painted with a lion's head and a crocodile's head, which is said to be her two sisters. The murals are mainly line drawing and halo dyeing techniques, which enhance the level and texture. It seems that the "wet wall painting" of Nepal is adopted.

The Dharma shrine of Gelug Sect

On the east side of the Sutra hall is the Dharma Temple of Gelug Sect. In the original dense forest to the south of geju temple, there is a Gelug Temple named "bashagongba". After the Sino British battle of lungtu in 1888, bashagongba was abandoned. In 1890, the 13th Dalai Lama (tudengjiacuo) ordered that the Dharma protection Temple of bashagongba be moved to the Gaju temple and entrusted to the living Buddha gesangqumojiacuo of the Gaju temple. The temple is 2 rooms wide, 3 rooms deep and 2 columns neutral. Buddha statues and murals were destroyed in the cultural revolution.

Cultural relics in the temple

There are many cultural relics in Gaju temple, such as Thangka, embroidery, bronze statues of Guanyin, bronze casting models of Guanyin, etc.

The bronze statues of Guanyin on all sides are 30cm in height and 30cm in width. The statue of Avalokitesvara is in a bun, decorated with round 7-petal round flower earrings; it is semi naked, with a collar on the neck, a necklace and a necklace on the chest, arms and bracelets, with plump breasts, silk draped around the shoulders, arms drooping, hands tied with Zen seal; it is wearing a long skirt and sits on the seat of Yanglian.

The bronze casting model of Guanyin statue is 20 cm high and 12 cm wide at the bottom. The bronze fan is a double leaf fan: one leaf is the front view of Guanyin and the other is the back view of Guanyin. The statue of Avalokitesvara has a high bun, a corolla and round flower earrings; it has a bare upper body, a collar and a necklace on its neck, and a slightly undulating chest; it has silk around its shoulders, arms and bracelets; it has a skirt under it and sits on a lotus seat on its back, holding a Buddha in both hands. A cone whose two lobes meet to form a triangle.

Sakyamuni Thangka: 90CM long and 60cm wide. With blue as the background, it is painted in red, white, yellow and green. The main body is a Buddha statue of Sakyamuni: Luoji, long earrings, shoulders, cassock, holding a bowl in both hands, sitting on the seat of Yanglian, with a round head light and backlight behind. On both sides are the squatting images of Tara. The upper part of Tangka is Xumi mountain, in which there are Han style pavilions; on the left side of Xumi mountain, there are small seated statues of Sakyamuni Buddha, Bodhisattva and Tubo Dharma king and Fubo style pagodas; on the right side, there are small seated statues and Fubo style pagodas of zongkaba and his two disciples; on the lower side, there are Bodhisattva, Dharma protector and Fubo style pagodas. It is a fine product of Qing Dynasty.

Thangka: 90CM long and 60cm wide. With green, white, red, yellow, blue five color drawing, green tone thick. The main body is the king of the north, known as "namsai" in Tibetan. He is dressed in military uniform, helmet and armor, holding an umbrella in his right hand, holding a mouse in his left hand, riding a white lion, with a round head behind him. The king of heaven is surrounded by Han style pavilions, and there are knights in military uniform in the courtyard. There are two rows of small seated Buddha statues in the upper part of Thangka. In the middle of the statues are zongkaba and three statues of his two disciples. It is a treasure of Qing Dynasty.

Address: xiayadong Township, Yadong County, Shigatse City

Longitude: 88.917360917249

Latitude: 27.42801

Chinese PinYin : Ga Ju Si