Kunming Botanical Garden

Kunming Botanical Garden, founded in 1938, is a multi functional comprehensive botanical garden with obvious regional characteristics, integrating scientific research, popular science, tourism and teaching practice. It is the largest research base of subtropical plant diversity and Germplasm Conservation in Southwest China, and the introduction and cultivation center of Camellia, Magnolia, Begonia and other plants.

Kunming Botanical Garden

Kunming Botanical Garden, founded in 1938, belongs to Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences. It is located on the Bank of Heilongtan in the north urban area of Kunming, the capital of Yunnan Province. It is located at 102 ° 44'15.2 "- 102 ° 44'47.3" E, N25 ° 07'04.9 "- N25 ° 08'54.8" n and 1914-1990 m above sea level. It is a comprehensive botanical garden integrating scientific research, species conservation, science popularization and public cognition, with an annual average temperature of 14.7 ℃, annual average rainfall of 1006.5mm and annual average relative humidity of 73%.

Kunming Botanical Garden, with an open area of 44 hectares, is divided into two parks: East and West. It has built 15 special gardens (districts) including camellia garden, rock garden, bamboo garden (water garden mainly composed of bamboo), Yuxi Rhododendron Garden, foliage and fruit garden, Baicao garden, magnolia garden, Hamamelis garden, mini population botanical garden and gymnosperm botanical garden, and collected more than 7000 species and varieties of conservation plants.

Kunming Botanical Garden has been successively named as "national science popularization education base", "Yunnan science popularization education base", "National Youth Science and technology activities demonstration base", "National Youth Science and technology education base", "Kunming Science Popularization base", etc.; camellia garden has won the title of "international outstanding tea garden".

Development history

From 1958 to 1974, Lijiang botanical garden was established in the south foot of Yulong Snow Mountain.

In 1986, the "greenhouse group" of Kunming Botanical Garden was built and put into use. Academician Wu Zhengyi, a famous botanist, borrowed the allusion to name the greenhouse group "Fuli Palace".

In 2001, Kunming Institute of Botany, Edinburgh botanical garden and Lijiang Institute of Alpine Economic Botany of Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences started to rebuild Lijiang Alpine botanical garden. Kunming Institute of botany has adjusted the research system and supporting system departments to form the layout of scientific research institutions with "three rooms, one garden and one reservoir". Lijiang Alpine botanical garden and its Lijiang forest ecosystem positioning research station are included in the management of Kunming Botanical Garden.

At the end of 2010, Kunming Institute of Botany, Lijiang Municipal People's government, Lijiang Institute of Alpine Economic Botany, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming Institute of zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences and other institutions jointly prepared to build Lijiang forest ecosystem positioning research station on the basis of Yulong Snow Mountain field work station of Lijiang Alpine botanical garden.

In 2011, the reconstruction and expansion project of "Fuli Palace" was supported by the special funds of the Ministry of finance of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, with an investment of more than 26.4 million yuan (self raised funds of more than 12.8 million yuan) for the renovation and maintenance of 4200 square meters of new main greenhouse and three independent greenhouses.

In 2015, Kunming Institute of Botany signed a strategic cooperation agreement with Beijing Minghong science and Trade Co., Ltd. (Phytologist), in which the Phytologist invested 30 million yuan in cash to jointly carry out the overall planning, species conservation facilities, plant introduction and landscape construction of "Fuli Palace". In December 2015, the small automatic weather station of Kunming Botanical Garden of Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences was completed and put into use.

geographical environment

geographical position

Kunming Botanical Garden is located on the Bank of Heilongtan in the north of Kunming City, Yunnan Province. It is located at E102 ° 44'15.2 "- E102 ° 44'47.3" E, N25 ° 07'04.9 "- N25 ° 08'54.8" n.

Climate conditions

Kunming Botanical Garden is 1914-1990 meters above sea level. It belongs to the mid subtropical inland plateau climate, with annual average temperature of 14.7 ℃, annual average rainfall of 1006.5mm and annual average relative humidity of 73%.

plant resources

With an open area of 44 hectares, the park has collected more than 6000 species and varieties of conservation plants, and has built 14 special parks, including mountain tea garden, Yuxi Rhododendron Garden, guanye Guanguo garden, Baicao garden, Mulan garden, Fuli Palace (wenshiqun), gymnosperms garden and arboretum.

In 2015, there were 173 species and subspecies in monocotyledon area, totally 152900 plants (clumps); 81 species and subspecies in bamboo garden, totally 6908 clumps (clumps), 55 species and subspecies in bamboo; 267 species and subspecies in rock garden; 302 species and subspecies in tea garden; 352 species and subspecies in foliage and orchard. There are 350 species of national key protected plants (grade I and II) in Kunming Botanical Garden, 1887 species of red plants in Kunming Botanical Garden and 33 species in China and 34 species in Yunnan.

Main attractions

overview

The park is divided into East and West parks, and has built 15 special parks (zones) including camellia garden, rock garden, bamboo garden (water landscape garden dominated by bamboo), Yuxi Rhododendron Garden, guanyeguan orchard, Baicao garden, magnolia garden, Hamamelis garden, mini population plant special garden and gymnosperm plant garden.

Botanical Garden

Fuli Palace

Fuli palace is one of the earliest recorded greenhouses in the world. It was built in Shanglin garden during the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, and was used to plant good fruits and exotic flowers and trees in the south. As a key construction project of the Chinese Academy of Sciences during the Seventh Five Year Plan period, the "greenhouse group" of Kunming Botanical Garden was built and put into use in 1986, covering an area of 35 mu, with a building area of 2726 square meters and more than 2000 species of plants preserved. At that time, Academician Wu Zhengyi, a famous botanist in China, borrowed this allusion to name the greenhouse group "Fuli Palace".

 

Bamboo Garden

Kunming Botanical Garden East Garden, bamboo garden covers an area of more than 2200 square meters, including water area of more than 90 square meters, viewing platform and cultural corridor of more than 150 square meters. The viewing platform and other buildings are decorated with Chinese classical architectural style, which complement the bamboo landscape. There are more than 1200 square meters of lawn in the planting area, 13 kinds of ground cover plants and 50 kinds of bamboo (including varieties and forms). In the landscape gallery of Shuixie, there are three large-scale popular science exhibition boards to display culture, pictures and scientific knowledge related to bamboo.

 

Rose District

The rose area covers an area of 30 mu, with more than 100 species belonging to 25 genera of Rosaceae trees, shrubs and vines collected and displayed, including cherry blossom and plum blossom in winter, cherry blossom and crabapple in Yunnan in early spring, peach and Chaenomeles in mid spring, Japanese cherry blossom and Aucklandia in late spring, Pyracantha fortuneana, red fruit tree and creeping Cotoneaster in autumn, < / I in the park, there are many kinds of wild fruit trees with health or medicinal value, such as Yunnan hawthorn, shanlihong, Yunnan Jueyi, loquat, etc.

 

Fengxiang Avenue

Located in the West Garden of Kunming Botanical Garden, Fengxiang Avenue is about 500 meters long, with 50 year old Liquidambar trees planted. In addition, nearly 800 small trees have been planted in recent years. The "Maple Leaf Festival" of Kunming Botanical Garden is held on Fengxiang Avenue in the garden from October to November every year. Fengxiang Avenue is a unique seasonal scenic spot of the park.

Tea garden

Tea garden is one of the most characteristic special gardens in China. It collects nearly 40 species of tea plants and more than 100 varieties of Camellia in Yunnan. It is one of the earliest special gardens to collect Camellia at home and abroad. Rhododendron Garden mainly collects evergreen rhododendron, including beautiful Rhododendron and big tree Rhododendron. There is a Avenue composed of Ginkgo and maple trees in the garden. In late autumn, yellow leaves are flying and red maple is burning. The scenery is intoxicating. There are more than 320 species. There are nearly 90 species of Magnoliaceae plants in Mulan garden, such as longnvcha, Manglietia honghuaensis, Michelia yunnanensis, etc. There are more than 1000 kinds of valuable Chinese herbal medicines in BaiCaoYuan, such as notoginseng, Paris polyphylla, yunmuxiang, etc. There are more than 1170 kinds of trees and shrubs in the arboretum, such as Taxus chinensis, Lysimachia fortunei and cherry blossom in Yunnan. There are more than 380 species of national protected plants such as pigeon seed flower, Yellow Peony and apricot Paphiopedilum in the rare and endangered plant area. There are more than 2000 tropical and subtropical plants in the exhibition greenhouse.

Rhododendron Garden

The Rhododendron Garden covers an area of 60 mu. Nearly 100 species of Rhododendron, more than 10000 plants, are introduced and cultivated in Yunnan. The whole garden is divided into YINGSHANHONG and Jinxiu Rhododendron area, Lantana area, Dewdrop Rhododendron area, evergreen rhododendron area and yehuang garden. The Rhododendron research group has carried out the introduction experiment of Rhododendron at middle altitude, and the Rhododendron Garden has become another special garden with wide influence.

Greenhouse area

The greenhouse flower area covers an area of 30 mu, of which the greenhouse building area is about 3000 square meters

Chinese PinYin : Kun Ming Zhi Wu Yuan