xixi national wetland park

Xixi National Wetland Park, Hangzhou, Zhejiang

synonym

Xixi National Wetland Park generally refers to Xixi National Wetland Park in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province

Xixi National Wetland Park is located in the west of Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, less than 5 kilometers away from the West Lake, with a total planning area of 11.5 square kilometers and a total river length of more than 100 kilometers

About 70% of the area is river port, pond, lake, swamp and other waters. The wetland park is rich in ecological resources, elegant natural landscape and profound cultural accumulation. It is also called "three West" together with West Lake and Xiling in Hangzhou.

It is the first national wetland park integrating urban wetland, agricultural wetland and cultural wetland in China.

On July 7, 2009, Xixi National Wetland Park in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province was listed as an important international wetland. On January 11, 2012, Hangzhou Xixi wetland tourist area was officially awarded the title of "national 5A scenic spot", becoming the first national 5A scenic spot in China. On October 31, 2013, it was selected as China's "top ten charming wetlands" by CCTV.

In February 2020, in order to pay tribute to the medical workers who are struggling in the front line of anti epidemic, from the restoration of the park to December 31, 2020, all medical workers (including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) with valid certificates from Zhoujia village, shentankou, Jiaolu farm, lvdixi, Dongmen and lianhuatan can enjoy free park tickets and cruise tickets.

Before May 1, 2020, Xixi National Wetland Park in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province will be open to the public free of charge, implementing the "reservation tour system".

geographical environment

Location context

Xixi National Wetland Park in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province is located in the west of Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province. The park spans the West Lake District and Yuhang District. It is only 6 kilometers away from Wulin gate, the main urban area of Hangzhou, and less than 5 kilometers away from the West Lake. The total planning area is 11.5 square kilometers.

hydrology

Xixi National Wetland Park in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province has a wide range of rivers, with a total length of more than 100 kilometers. About 70% of the area is composed of river ports, ponds, lakes, swamps and other waters. Among them, waterways are like lanes, river branches are like nets, fish ponds are like rows, and islands are scattered.

Geology and geomorphology

In Xixi National Wetland Park in Hangzhou, the land greening rate is more than 85%. The soil mainly includes red soil, lithologic soil and paddy soil, among which red soil and paddy soil are the most widely distributed.

climate

Xixi National Wetland Park in Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province has a subtropical monsoon climate, with an average annual temperature of 15.17 ℃, an average annual relative humidity of 78% and an average annual precipitation of 1399 mm. It has a mild climate, abundant rainfall, long sunshine and four distinct seasons.

natural resources

Animal resources

Amphibians

There are 10 species of amphibians belonging to 1 order, 4 families in Xixi National Wetland Park, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. They are Bufo bufo gargarizans, Rana tanqin, Rana Zelu, Rana nigromaculata, Rana jinxianensis, Rana zhenhailin, Rana maculatus, Rana grandis, Rana rugosa and Rana rugosa. There are 3 species of Palaearctic realm and 7 species of Oriental realm, including 3 species of central China and 4 species of Central South China. Among the 10 amphibians recorded, the big tree frog belongs to the rare species in Xixi wetland, which is the key protected animal in Zhejiang Province; the water frog, the black spot side fold frog, the spotted leg tree frog, the zhenhailin frog and the small arc spot Ji frog have a certain number, which belong to the rare species; while the Bufo gargarizans, the Zelu frog, the golden line side fold frog and the decorative pattern Ji frog have a large number, which belong to the common species, which also belong to the rare species It is the dominant species of amphibians in Xixi wetland.

Reptiles

There are 15 species of reptiles in 8 families, 3 orders recorded in Xixi National Wetland Park, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. There are 15 species of reptiles in 8 families, 3 orders recorded in Xixi wetland (Appendix 7). Among the 14 species of reptiles found in this survey, there are 6 species of Palaearctic and Oriental, 8 species of Oriental, 2 species of central China and 6 species of Central South China. Among them, Phrynocephalus norvegicus, Elaphe hongdianensis, Elaphe heimeiensis, Elaphe macranthoides and ophiocephalus ussuriensis are common species in Xixi wetland, which are the dominant species of reptiles in Xixi wetland; gecko verrucosa, gecko qianshanensis, Chinese Skink, dragonfly, Elaphe macranthoides, Elaphe wangensis and Agkistrodon halys are rare species; Trionyx sinensis is a rare species.

birds

There are 126 bird species belonging to 41 families and 15 orders recorded in Xixi National Wetland Park, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province. Among them, Accipiter virgatus, Accipiter nisus, Buteo Buteo, Falco tinnunculus, Falco subbuteo and Falco Falco are recorded Among them, peregrinus, Centropus sinensis and gluccidium cuculoides are the national second level protected animals. Xixi National Wetland Park is mainly composed of resident birds, with 57 species, accounting for 45.2%; it is summer and winter migratory birds, with 29 species, accounting for 23% respectively; and tourist birds are the least, with only 11 species, accounting for 8.8%. Among them, there are 28 species (22.2%) of wetland waterfowl, including 1 species of greidae, 10 species of Ardeidae, 3 species of Anatidae, 5 species of crayfish, 1 species of pheasant, 4 species of snipe and 4 species of Kingfisher. The spring population of Xixi National Wetland Park is mainly composed of 10 kinds of birds, including sparrow, Bulbul, swallow, magpie, pearl necked dove, tit, pond heron, night heron, blackbird and brown headed javanica Finch, among which the number of sparrow is the largest, with a total of 1024 recorded during the survey period, followed by Bulbul, with a total number of 708, and the species with more than 100 are swallow, magpie and Pearl necked dove. The top 10 species of birds in Xixi National Wetland Park in winter are sparrow, night heron, white Bulbul, brown headed brushbird, magpie, great tit, grey headed babbler, blackbird, egret and Pearl necked dove. The largest number of birds is still sparrow, with a total of 903 recorded; in addition, more than 100 species are recorded, such as night heron, white Bulbul, brown headed Finch, magpie, great tit and grey headed bunting.

The most common water birds in Xixi National Wetland Park in spring are Ardeidae, such as pond heron, night heron and egret; the number of water birds in winter is significantly higher than that in spring, and the most common species are night heron, egret, green winged duck and black water chicken.

Mammals

Xixi National Wetland Park records 14 species of mammals in 7 families, 5 orders, which are erinaceus amurensis, Suncus murinus, Crocidura attenuata, Pipistrellus abramus, Mustela sibirica, melogate moschata, Meles meles and Arctonyx They were collaris, Callosciurus erythraeus, Apodemus agrarius, Rattus flavipectus, Rattus norvegicus, Mus musculus and Lepus sinensis.

fish

There are 45 species of fish recorded in Xixi National Wetland Park, which belong to 6 orders, 14 families and 35 genera. Among them, 10 species are cultivated. Among all fishes, Cypriniformes have the most species, 30 species, accounting for 66.7% of the total. There are 8 species of Perciform, accounting for 17.8% of the total. Siluriformes, 4 species, accounted for 8.9% of the total. Anguilliformes, medalliformes and synbranchiales were the least, each accounting for 2.2% of the total. In Cypriniformes, there are 28 species of Cyprinidae and 2 species of loach. Therefore, Cypriniformes are the dominant fish species in Xixi National Wetland Park. In Cypriniformes, Cyprinidae is the dominant species, while loach is less. Among the 45 species of fishes in Xixi wetland, only one species is introduced, and the others are native fishes. Among them, 10 kinds of fish, such as green, grass, silver carp, bighead carp, Megalobrama amblycephala, minnow and Silurus meridionalis, are cultured artificially, and the rest 35 kinds are wild. The ecological types of fish in Xixi wetland can be divided into four types: pond, river harbor and lake ripple. Among them, there are only 28 species in pond, 34 species in Lake ripple and 45 species in river harbor. According to the analysis of feeding habits of fishes in Xixi wetland, they can be divided into three categories: carnivorous, herbivorous and omnivorous. The main carnivorous fishes are ophiocephalus Argus, Odontobutis obscurus, Siniperca chuatsi and Pelteobagrus fulvidraco. The main herbivorous fishes are Megalobrama amblycephala and grass carp. Most of the other fish are omnivorous, such as carp, crucian carp, Chinese crucian carp, silver carp and so on.

plant resources

There are 254 species of vascular plants in Xixi wetland, belonging to 204 genera and 91 families. Among them, 9 species belong to 9 genera and 8 families;

Chinese PinYin : Xi Xi Guo Jia Shi Di Gong Yuan