Nancheng Mosque

Nancheng Mosque

Nancheng mosque in Kunming is commonly known as the worship temple among Hui people. It is the core building and symbol of Islam. It is the central place for Muslims to hold worship (prayer), religious homework, religious education, missionary activities, major festivals and celebrations. Nancheng mosque in Kunming was built by saidianchi weisiding. The appearance of the mosque is obviously influenced by Buddhist culture, showing the architectural style of Chinese temples. In the courtyard of Nancheng mosque in Kunming, there is a printing press, which keeps a large number of Islamic classics and works.

Historical evolution

Initial construction

According to legend, it was built in 1274-1279 between the 11th and 16th years of the Yuan Dynasty (1274-1279) by Sai Dianchi, the governor of Yunnan Province.

In 1694 A.D. and the 33rd year of the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty, the rebuilding of the mosque stele recorded: "it was the sixth year of Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty (632 A.D.) that the mosque was built in Huicheng, and it was rebuilt by Emperor Xianyang of the Yuan Dynasty." In 1817 ad, the 22nd year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty, "Yongning Temple contract stele" contains: "the South Gate mosque in Huicheng was built in the early Tang Dynasty." From 1862 to 1874, during the reign of Tongzhi of the Qing Dynasty, it is recorded in the book of rebuilding the monument of merit of Mosque: "there is a mosque in the south of Yunnan Province, which was built in the early Tang Dynasty." It is said that it was first built in the Yuan Dynasty: in 1540 ad, in the 19th year of Jiajing in the Ming Dynasty, Li Yuanyang recorded the Nancheng mosque in his Yunnan annals, "the temple was founded by siding saidianchi, a political official in Yuanping." In 1842 ad, in the 22nd year of Daoguang reign of the Qing Dynasty, "Kunming county annals" recorded: "there are two mosques, one in the south gate and the other in Yushi street, all of which are the political affairs of saidianchi · weisidingjian in Pingzhang of the Yuan Dynasty."

Renovation and reconstruction

In the early Qing Dynasty, Nancheng mosque was destroyed by war.

It was rebuilt in Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty.

In the early Kangxi period of Qing Dynasty (1673-1677), it was destroyed by war and then rebuilt by local Muslims.

Ad 1817, Jiaqing 22 years, rebuilt.

In 1856, when the Hui people revolted, the temple was burned.

It was rebuilt in 1867.

In the early years of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, Ma Rulong, commander in chief of Linyuan town and governor of Yunnan Province, rebuilt it.

It was overhauled in 1898.

Scale system

In the 24th year of Qing Dynasty, it was renovated into a brick and wood structure complex, covering an area of 2229 square meters. The main building is composed of Chaozhen hall and Jingting. Chaozhen hall is 21.9 meters long from north to South and 17.9 meters wide from east to west, covering an area of about 392 square meters. It is a hall building on Xieshan mountain. The top beams and columns in the middle are only the side pillars of the bucket style, the lattice doors, the door couplets and the long benches outside. The front title is a roll shed roof, and the two sides are painted with architectural drawings of Mecca holy land. The pavilion is a square building of wood structure, 10.2 meters long, with sharp corners, corridors and wooden fences around, as well as seats. East of the pavilion is the gate. On both sides of the door, there are couplets inscribed in regular script: "be afraid of the sage's words, be careful, follow the law of heaven, be healthy and dry all day long." In addition to the main building, there is a bath room behind the hall, houses and storage rooms on both sides of the hall; in front of the hall is a patio, and there are six wooden wing rooms on the second floor on the north and south sides of the patio. (when the mosque was rebuilt in 1996, the Chaozhen hall was demolished and moved to Lihua village, Songming County according to the number, and restored and rebuilt as it was.)

In 1996, the reconstructed Nancheng mosque is a brick concrete structure complex, covering an area of 2557 square meters. Chaozhen hall has three floors of 1200 square meters, and the minaret is 40 meters high. In front of Chaozhen hall is the patio, and in the east of the patio is the Muslim building. The building is a nine storey building with a construction area of 5800 square meters, equipped with elevators, power distribution room, fire pool, etc. Kunming Islamic Association is located here.

Architectural features

The temple covers an area of 5000 square meters, and the whole building looks like a Phoenix. There is a scripture Pavilion in the center of the courtyard inside the gate. Facing the pavilion, there are five worship halls, with five wing rooms on each side. The chapel hall is 5 Ying wide and 3-in-depth, with 4 bright columns in horizontal. A wooden plaque of "Chaozhen hall" is hung on the main door of the hall. The front hall has a roll shed roof, and the pink walls on both sides are painted with architectural drawings of Mecca. The wing rooms on both sides of the hall are two-story buildings, and wooden columns are set in front of the corridor. In front of the hall, the Jingji Pavilion is a single-layer hilltop with four corners protruding. There is a gallery around it, and the wood eaves are carved with patterns of carving holes. It is small and exquisite. In 1895, 30 volumes of wood engraving plates of baomingzhenjing, which were carefully collated by the famous Sutra master and calligrapher Tian Jiapei Haji and Ma Lianyuan, were collected in the temple, with 1946 pieces and 3571 pages. There are also more than 100 kinds of Islamic scriptures in Han, Arabic and Persian, such as zhenquanyaolu, guidaoyaoyan, Dahua Zonggui, Huanyu Shuyao, etc. About 70 species are intact. The temple is listed as a key cultural relic protection unit in Panlong District of Kunming City, where Kunming Islamic Association is located.

Temple culture

Historical influence

In the past 100 years, Nancheng mosque has become the activity center of Islam in Yunnan, including the Muslim Association in the late Qing Dynasty, the Mohamed all progressive Association in Yunnan in 1912, the Yunnan branch of China Muslim all progressive Association in 1913, the Yunnan branch of China Muslim National Salvation Association in 1938, the Yunnan branch of China Muslim Association in 1940, the Hui Federation since 1950, the Hui Cultural Association and the Republic of China In the early years, zhenxue society and others were all located in the temple.

Muslim monthly, founded in 1915, is the first Islamic publication in China, which has a great influence. In 1929, he continued to compile the Muslim duo newspaper until 1949. Both departments are located in the temple.

Mingde middle school, the first ethnic middle school in Yunnan Province founded in 1926, is located in Nancheng mosque. Mingde middle school has trained a large number of excellent talents. The more famous are professor and translator Na Zhong, Na Xun, Ma Jian, Lin Xinghua, etc.

Collection of cultural relics

There are also a large number of Islamic classics, works and woodcut editions of famous Hui scholars, master of Confucian classics Ma Zhu, Ma Fuchu and Ma Lianzhi in Nancheng mosque. The woodcut version of the Koran in Arabic stored in the temple is a unique precious cultural relic in the world. This edition was written by Tian Jiapei, a famous master of Islamic classics, and was carved in the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty. In addition, there are also 50 or 60 kinds of woodcut editions of books such as "guide to halal", "Tianfang Xingli" and "Tianfang ceremony". These are valuable materials for the study of Islam.

In addition, there are 30 volumes of wood engravings of baomingzhenjing, which were carefully collated by the famous Confucian master and calligrapher Tian Jiapei Haji and Ma Lianyuan in 1895. There are 1946 pieces and 3571 pages in total. There are also more than 100 kinds of Islamic scriptures in Han, Arabic and Persian, such as zhenquanyaolu, guidaoyaoyan, Dahua Zonggui, Huanyu Shuyao, etc. About 70 species are intact.

Geographic transportation

Kunming Nancheng mosque is located in the north of Zhengyi Road, dananmen, Kunming City, Yunnan Province.

Address: West Wudao lane, dongcangmen

Longitude: 108.9618006

Latitude: 34.25538442

Chinese PinYin : Nan Cheng Qing Zhen Si