Zhongnanshan National Forest Park

Zhongnanshan National Forest Park

Zhongnan mountain, also known as Taiyi mountain, is located in Chang'an District of Xi'an city.

At present, the bus No. 500 starting from Xi'an railway station can reach the terminal point of Shaanxi Guanzhong Folk Custom Museum Station, and then go south for another 100 meters to Zhongnanshan ticket hall.

Development history

It was built in 1992 with a total area of 4800 hectares. The main peak of Zhongnan mountain is 2604 meters above sea level, which is one of the most developed areas of landslide geological process in China, and Cuihua Mountain National Geopark is an important part of Zhongnan Mountain National Forest. As early as 1937, Nanshan Forest Park, the first forest park in China, was established here. In 1992, with the approval of the Ministry of forestry, Zhongnanshan National Forest Park was established in Shaanxi Province, covering an area of 7675 hectares and an altitude of 650-2608 meters.

The park is divided into four scenic spots: Nanwutai, Cuihua Mountain, Shibianyu and Luohanping. There are 208 designed scenic spots and scenery, including 58 main scenic spots.

Main attractions

Introduction to scenic spots

Nanwutai

Nanwutai is one of the holy places of Buddhism. There are five scenic spots on the mountain, namely Qingliang, Manjusri, Sheshen, Lingying and Guanyin. Because they are located in the south of ancient Chang'an City, they are named Nanwutai, which is a provincial scenic spot. Nanwutai Temple began in the Western Han Dynasty and flourished in the Sui and Tang Dynasties. There were more than 50 original temples, known as 72 daotangfang. There are Mituo temple, Shengshou Temple (Ta'er Temple), Wuma temple, Baiyi hall, five Buddha Hall, shengbaoquan (Baoquan Temple), zizhulin temple, Heihu temple, Xilin Temple (big thatched shed), guanyintai temple, small thatched shed, etc.

Cuihua Moutain

It is said that Jingyang Cuihua girl became an immortal here, so she got her name. It is also a provincial scenic spot. Taiyi lake, also known as Cuihua lake and Tianhu lake, is a barrier lake formed by collapse. The water surface is about 600 meters long, 90-300 meters wide, and the water depth is 5-10 meters. It is rippling with blue waves and shuttling by boats. It is the most concentrated scenic spot for tourists. There are Yuquan pool, Shuiyuan pool, Bishui lake, shibapandao, Guimenguan, wangxiangtai, wohushi, yingzuishi, Cuihua peak, Yuan peak, double waterfall and flying rainbow, Yingya pearl curtain, Cuihua temple, Tianchi temple, Laojun temple, Shidong temple, Jiutian Madonna cave and so on, especially the ice cave, wind tunnel and Jinhua cave.

Shibianyu

On the west side of Nanwutai, there is Shibianyu reservoir in the valley, with a total capacity of 28.1 million cubic meters. The water surface is about 4 kilometers long and 100-250 meters wide. It is a good place for fishing and boating. (Shibianyu reservoir has been surrounded by protective net and can't get close to the water)

Luohanping

Luohanping is located in the upper reaches of Shibianyu river. There are more than 1300 kinds of seed plants belonging to more than 100 families, 486 kinds of medicinal plants and 300 kinds of wild flowers and ornamental plants. Takin, leopard, blue sheep, forest musk deer, giant salamander, Eucommia ulmoides and Gastrodia elata are precious wild animals and plants under state key protection.

Introduction to scenic spots

Collapse rock sea

With a total volume of 300 million cubic meters and huge stones, they are concentrated in Cuihua peak, Ganqiu peak and Daping. Huge stones are piled up, stacked on top of each other, or the lion looks at the moon. Or tiger down the mountain, or fairy scattered flowers, or naughty children play, like the sea of stone, waves, waves hit the sky. Famous scenic spots include sword stone, jade rabbit lying drunk, channeling jade seal, etc. During the process of landslides, hundreds of caves, including Tiandong cave, ice cave and bat cave, were formed due to the mutual embedding of rocks. Among them, the ice cave and the wind cave are the most amazing, and the temperature difference inside and outside the cave can reach more than 23 ℃ in summer. The ice cave freezes in summer, and the icicle stands upside down in the heat. The wind tunnel is formed by the top of two boulders, which is about 20 meters high and 3 meters wide. Due to the narrow tube effect and air convection, there is often cold wind in the tunnel, so the wind tunnel is cool in summer and June. There is also a scenic spot in the main scenic area of the landslide, commonly known as the small ice cave. The cold air inside the cave condenses and floats out of the cave. Outside the cave, there are still fresh flowers and grass in the spring. It's really beautiful. Bat cave is more than 100 meters long, tortuous, wide and narrow, and varied in space. At the depth of 30 meters, more than 1000 bats attached to the cave wall. The sound of wings is clear and distinguishable, which is a novelty of Cuihua Mountain.

Porch

It is the only way to visit the ice and wind caves. Two huge stones stand close to each other. There is a small bridge on it. When pedestrians come here, they look up and feel like the gate of heaven. On the northern edge of the Shibapan collapse stone sea, it is about 200 meters high, with huge stones everywhere. The Yingan waterfall pours out. A silver drill is hanging in the mountains and rivers, which has the feeling of Chinese landscape painting.

Landslide dam

Dammed lakes are lakes formed by landslides. There are three dammed lakes in Cuihua Mountain. One is located in Ganqiu pool, under Ganqiu peak, with an area of 0.2 square kilometers. Due to the lack of water, it has seriously leaked and become a dry lake, so it is called Ganqiu pool; the other is located in Daping, where the lake has been alluvial filled up due to sediment accumulation, so it is called Daping; the other is located in Shuiqiu pool, where the mountain collapses and blocks the formation of Taiyi River, also known as Tianchi, Chengyuan pool, Taiyi lake, etc. The barrier lake here is 600 meters long, 100-300 meters wide, 5-12 meters deep, 0.14 square kilometers in water area, and can be used for boating and fishing. It is the only barrier lake in the 72 valley of Qinling Mountains, known as the "Pearl of the Qinling Mountains". It is a fairyland in the world, with vast clouds and magnificent sceneries.

Zhaoyin Temple

Zhaoyin mountain, formerly known as the animal cave mountain, was named after Dai? Who was a famous artist of the Southern Dynasty who lived in seclusion and refused to show benevolence. Zhaoxian temple was first built on the mountain and rebuilt from Dai's former residence. After she died, she was determined not to marry. She gave up her house as a temple, so it was called Zhaoyin temple. There is a poem in luobinwang's visit to the temple in the Tang Dynasty, which says: we are looking for Zhaoyin Temple together, and we have first met Dai's family. It's still spring and gully, but it should be changed. Zhaoyin temple was first founded in 423, the first year of the Song Dynasty. It has a history of 15600 years. At that time, the temple was magnificent and famous. Since the Tang and Song Dynasties, it has experienced several ups and downs. In the Xianfeng Period of the Qing Dynasty, the temple was destroyed by the war. In the Tongzhi and Guangxu periods, monk Huichuan rebuilt the main hall and reading platform, which was not as large as before. During the Anti Japanese War, it was destroyed by the Japanese army again. Now it is being repaired in an all-round way, and most of the victories have taken on a new look.

Tiger running spring

On the left side of the mountain road, it is said that when Zen master fa'an of the Eastern Jin Dynasty first came to the mountain, he had difficulty drinking water. The tiger dug out this spring for him, so it was named Hupao spring. There is a well in the square pool of the spring. The spring is in the well. The water is clear and can be used to cook tea. There is a tiger running Pavilion, a tiger spring Pavilion, rectangular, beautiful design. During the Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, yuan Jizu rebuilt the square pool and renamed it "eternal clear pool", which indicates that the spring water is clear all the year round, so the tiger running Pavilion is also called "eternal clear Pavilion". On the stone wall beside the pool, there is a three character inscription of "Hu Pao Quan", which was written by the magistrate Cheng Que in the Chongzhen period of the Ming Dynasty.

There is also a legend about the origin of tiger spring. It is said that Prince Zhaoming came to Zhaoyin temple to study. The environment is very elegant, but there is no water to drink. In his spare time, he ran all over the mountain looking for the spring. One day, when the prince was walking on the hillside, suddenly a gust of wind passed and the leaves rustled and fell to the ground. As the old saying goes, "the cloud comes from the dragon and the wind from the tiger. "The prince can't help but feel creepy. There is a small hill under the hill. A tiger's front foot falls down and sinks down. The prince was surprised when he saw it. The tiger roared, and its front paws plowed this place, leaving a pond three feet deep. Then the tiger roared away. In an instant, a fresh spring was seeping out of the pond. The prince held the spring in his hands and tasted it. He felt cool, fragrant and sweet. At this time, the spring kept pouring out. The prince was surprised and quickly ordered to store the spring. The stone around the spring was built into a pool. Because the tiger planed the spring, it was named "Hupao spring".

Lu paoquan

On the east side of Tingli mountain house. According to Xia Shenshu, a writer of the Qing Dynasty, in his preface to the summer of recruiting a hermit, there is a pavilion beside the spring, with a triangular shape, big at the bottom and small at the top.

At that time, there were beautiful forests, wild deer, the sound of deer and the sound of cold spring. Zhang Hu, a famous poet of the Tang Dynasty, described it as:

The name of the ancient temple is here, and the deer trail in the clear spring is quiet.

Bamboo light cold closed courtyard, mountain shadow night hidden building.

Yuruiting

In the southeast of Zenghua Pavilion, there is a hexagonal pavilion with couplets on the stone pillars, which says: "if you climb the top together, there will be poets here; if you bow to the three mountains, where can you visit Yushu and qiongzhi. "The original Yurui Temple beside the pavilion has been destroyed for a long time.

In the Tang Dynasty, there were two precious yuleixian flowers, which were only allowed to be planted in the imperial garden and Imperial Academy of the emperor. They were rare flowers in the world. When they were open, they were like Yao Lin qiongshu, so there were myths and legends such as fairy tours. When Li Deyu, the Prime Minister of Tang Dynasty, was appointed governor of Runzhou, he often visited Zhaoyin temple, drank wine and wrote poems under the flowers of Yurui. There is a poem called "watching Yurui tree in Zhaoyin mountain, writing a play book, and sending it to the elder of doctor Shen in Jiangxi Province." the poem is: Yurui tree in the sky, Jinrun past. The falling trees are dancing in the snow, and the dense leaves are hanging low. Old enjoy smoke far away, new love years move. Today, when you think about color, you still remember qiongzhi. And specially built this pavilion for viewing flowers, named "yuruiting".

Prince Zhaoming reading desk and Zenghua Pavilion

Xiao Tong, the prince of Zhaoming, was born in Lanling (now Changzhou) of the Southern Dynasty. He was the eldest son of Emperor Wu of Liang Dynasty. He loved mountains and rivers and was intelligent and studious. After being made Prince, he studied in Zhaoyin temple and collected literary celebrities in reading room. Thirty volumes of Wenxuan, the famous Zhaoming Wenxuan, is the first collection of verse and prose in China, which has a great influence on the literature of future generations. The prince died before he ascended the throne. He was one year old and was named Zhaoming.

The reading platform is built on the mountain

Chinese PinYin : Zhong Nan Shan Guo Jia Sen Lin Gong Yuan