Lishi Hutong

Former residence of Liu Yong

synonym

Lishi Hutong generally refers to Liu Yong's former residence

Lishi Hutong was first named in the Ming Dynasty. It is said that this place was once a donkey and mule market, so it was named lvshi Hutong, also known as mule market. In the Xuantong period of the Qing Dynasty, the donkey market was abolished and renamed Lishi Hutong with its homonym. Take the meaning of "Li Xian corporal" and "Cultural Revolution" as Ruijin Road 28. At the beginning, there were many high-ranking people in Lishi Hutong. They were all dignitaries in the imperial court. Courtyard 123, north of Dongkou Road, inner lane of Hutong, is the former residence of the great scholar Jingxin in Qing Dynasty. Liu Yong, the Prime Minister of the Qianlong reign of the Qing Dynasty, lived at 129 west end of lvshi Hutong. Now it has become a private house, and only from the appearance, it still retains the luxurious style of that year. On the south wall of the street, there was a horizontal stone engraved with "the former residence of Mr. Liu Shi'an". The stone nunnery is Liu Yong's name, and the horizontal stone has long disappeared.

Introduction to Liu Yong

Liu Yong (1719-1804) was named chongru, Shi'an, Qingyuan, Xiangyan, Dongwu, mu'an, Minghua, and riguanfeng Taoist. He was a calligrapher, painter, and politician in Qing Dynasty. Han nationality, born in Gaomi County, Shandong Province (originally belonging to Zhucheng), is from Fengxian County, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province. Qianlong 16 years (1751) Jinshi, Liu Tongxun son. His father, Liu Tongxun, was a clean and honest official. Liu Yong was a Jinshi in the 16th year of Emperor Qianlong. He was a minister of the Ministry of official affairs and a Bachelor of Ti Ren Ge. Most of Liu Yong's calligraphy works are running script. He died in Beijing on December 25, the ninth year of Jiaqing. Shi Wenqing.

Life experience

Liu Yong became a scholar in 1751. A year later, he left the library and was appointed editor. He entered the official career and then moved to the official position

.

In October 1755, his father Liu Tongxun (then governor of Shaanxi and Gansu) was jailed for his improper handling of military affairs. Liu Yong was arrested because of his involvement in military affairs. He was relieved and reduced to editor. In June of the next year, he was appointed as an examiner of guangxixiang. In October, he was promoted to Anhui Xuezheng. During his term of office, in view of the chaotic management of Gongsheng and Jiansheng at that time, Shangshu "asked prefectures and counties to restrict Gongsheng and Jiansheng, and ordered them to inspect the merits and demerits", and put forward practical remedies, "approved by the Ministry".

In October 1759, he was transferred to Jiangsu Xuezheng. During his term of office, he also went to Shanghai: "those who make trouble and act rashly in the life prison are often looked at by prefectural and county officials, and do not create AI. (the administrative officials) were afraid of both making trouble for the people and living in prison. They were also afraid of Xu service. As a result, they were hesitant and didn't know what was wrong. After they were convicted of crimes, those who should be responsible for the reform were not responsible for the reform. In fact, they were lazy to play. They had to sell their traitors to each other. " This view is profound and to the point of the time, so it was deeply appreciated by Emperor Qianlong, praised his "knowledge of political system", and appointed him as the magistrate of Taiyuan government in 1762.

Qianlong 30 years (1765), promoted to Jining Daotai. In the second year, when he was the magistrate of Taiyuan, Duan, the magistrate of Yangqu County, was found guilty of embezzling the state treasury and money. He was dismissed and sentenced to death. Because of his love for his talent, Emperor Qianlong sent military stations (post stations) to atone. The next year, he was pardoned and ordered to walk in the calligraphy department. Qianlong 34 years (1769), granted Jiangning Prefecture magistrate, has the Qing name. The next year, he moved to Yanyi road in Jiangxi Province. In the 37th year of Qianlong (1772), he was promoted to be an official of Shaanxi Province. The next year, his father Liu Tongxun died and went home to mourn.

In March 1776, Liu Yong returned to Beijing after his funeral. The Qing court read Liu Tongxun's achievements for many years, and found that Liu Yong's knowledge was available. He was awarded a cabinet bachelor's degree and served in the South study. In October, he was the vice president of Sikuquanshu library, and he was also the president of Sikuquanshu library. In July of the next year, he served as the chief examiner of Jiangnan Rural examination, and soon returned to Jiangsu Xuezheng. During his term of office, he impeached Xu Shukui, the Juren of Qinzhou, for his works disobedience and demanded punishment according to the law. At the end of the year (the 43rd year of the reign of Emperor Qianlong), Liu Yong made great achievements in impeaching Xu Shuling's works. He moved to the right servant of the household department and later transferred to the right servant of the official department.

In the 45th year of Qianlong (1780), he was granted the governor of Hunan. At that time, there were many disasters in Hunan Province, and there were many cases of theft in disaster free counties and prefectures. Corrupt officials were rampant, and the people were full of complaints. After Liu Yong took office, he found out the reasons, impeached the corrupt officials according to the facts, and suggested that they should be dealt with strictly; on the other hand, he checked the inventory, built the city walls, built warehouses to store grain, provided relief to the victims, and allowed the people to mine saltpeter. In just over a year, Liu Yong has won the love of the people.

In 1781, Emperor Qianlong moved Liu Yong to be the censor of zuodu. In March of the next year, he still served as the president of Nantong library. At this time, the censor Qian Feng impeached the governor of Shandong Guotai to form a party for personal gain. Liu Yong was ordered to join him in the trial of Shandong governor's fraud case. When Liu Yong came to Shandong, he disguised himself as a Taoist and made a private visit on foot. He found out that Shandong had been affected for three years in a row, and Cathay Pacific offered credit and reward for the disaster. When levying taxes, all those who are unable to pay will be punished, and nine Jinshi and Ju people who came to the province to ask for help for the people will be slaughtered. In Jinan, after interrogation, it was found out that Cathay Pacific was aware of the corruption case, so it gathered money in an attempt to cover up the crime. Liu Yong truthfully reported to the imperial court, ordered to open warehouses to relieve the people, and arrested Cathay Pacific to return to Beijing. At this time, the imperial concubines had interceded for Cathay, some royal censors also echoed, and He Lin also intended to protect Cathay. Liu Yong then used the evidence obtained from the folk investigation to enumerate the crimes of Cathay Pacific, argued with each other, and finally brought Cathay Pacific to justice. In dealing with the case of Cathay Pacific, Liu Yong was not afraid of power, upright, selfless and resourceful. Together with Qian Feng, he defeated the obstruction of the imperial concubine and he Yao, and successfully carried out the laws of the Qing Dynasty. Later, the folk once wrote a popular novel "the case of Liu Gong" based on this incident, which greatly praised the "Bao formula" of Mr. Liu.

At the end of the Cathay Pacific case, Liu Yong was ordered to serve as the Minister of the Ministry of official affairs and concurrently take charge of the supervisory affairs of the state. Soon he was the Minister of the Ministry of industry, and still served as the chief master of the study. In June 1783, Emperor Qianlong appointed the governor of Zhili. In August, he transferred the Minister of the Ministry of official affairs. Soon, he filled Shuntian village for examination. It's the end of the year, and it's the end of the year. In May of the next year, he resumed his duties as a supervisor of Guozi. In June, he was awarded associate degree.

In 1786, he was the vice president of chongyudieguan (the place where the imperial genealogy was compiled).

In April of 1789, Liu Yong, who was the chief teacher of the Imperial Academy, was demoted to be a servant. Soon after, he was awarded a bachelor's degree in the cabinet and the governor Shun Tian studied politics.

At the beginning of the 56th year of Qianlong (1791), he moved the capital to zuoyushi, promoted the Minister of rites, and once again took charge of the supervisory affairs of the state. In May, he was also the Minister of the Ministry of official affairs.

In April of 1797, Liu Yong was granted the title of "Ti Ren Ge". In May, he went to Shandong with Shangshu Qinggui to investigate the breach of the Yellow River. After inspecting the Yellow River, he asked for "blocking" at the breach and "Dredging" at the downstream. The court took his advice.

Jiaqing four years (1799) in March, add Prince Shaobao. Later, he was ordered to deal with the case of Wen Hua Dian's bachelor, he Li, who planted the party for personal gain and accepted bribes without authorization. Undaunted to power, Liu Yong soon found out 20 crimes such as extortion, extortion, corruption and self enrichment committed by he Zhen and his party members. The emperor executed He Lin and confiscated his property.

At the end of the fourth year of Jiaqing, Liu Yong made a statement about the administration of water transport. He had a deep understanding of the loopholes in the water transport and expressed his concern for the country and the people.

In 1801, Liu Yong was the president of the guild hall.

In the seventh year of Jiaqing (1802), the emperor was lucky enough to drive Rehe and ordered Liu Yong to stay in Beijing to preside over the government. At this time, he was more than 80 years old, but he was as light and healthy as ever, his eyes were bright and cold.

In December 1804, Liu Yong died at the age of 85. After his death, he presented his posthumous title to the crown prince, Taibao, Wenqing, to the Xianliang temple, where he was buried.

Historical evaluation

Liu Yong is not only a statesman, but also a famous calligrapher. He is a master of calligraphy and one of the four great calligraphers in Qing Dynasty (the other three are prince Cheng, Weng Fanggang and tiebao). Xu Ke of the Qing Dynasty praised Liu Yong in his Qing barnyard notes: "the calligraphy of the Qing Dynasty, for example, the sound of Huang Zhong and Da Lu, the instrument of the Ming Tang Temple of the Qing Dynasty, is the top of the generation of calligraphers. Gai is a famous calligrapher of all ages. The so-called "golden voice and jade vibration" is the great achievement of the group sage. From the time he entered the ci poetry hall to the time when he ascended the stage Pavilion, his physique was constantly changing and his mind was unpredictable. " Liu Yong is a creative calligrapher who is good at learning from the past. Liu Yong's calligraphy is characterized by thick ink, strong body, solid and unique features. Liu Yong's book is especially good at regular script. Later generations praised his small regular script not only by Zhong Yao, Wang Xizhi, Yan Zhenqing and Su Shi, but also by the style of Wei and Jin small regular script. Liu Yong is also a worker of Wenhan. He is well-known for his knowledge of classics and history of hundreds of schools and his research on ancient Chinese prose. He wrote Shi'an poetry anthology, which was published in the world.

Address: between Dongsi South Street and Chaoyang Men South Street, Dongcheng District, Beijing

Longitude: 116.4219449

Latitude: 39.9219846

Ticket information: no ticket required.

Chinese PinYin : Li Shi Hu Tong