Wanyaodun Nature Reserve

Wanyaodun Nature Reserve

Wanyaodun nature reserve is located in Dunhuang City, Gansu Province. It covers an area of 333 square kilometers with east longitude of 92.50-93.30 and north latitude of 40-40.30. The area is low-lying and flat, with a large area of salinized swamp, desert grassland and natural Populus euphratica and Salix koraiensis forests, with an altitude of 820-938m, belonging to a warm temperate arid climate. The main protected objects are desert ungulates and their ecological environment.

Protected objects

In the area, Populus euphratica, Tamarix psammophila and Haloxylon ammodendron are the rare tree species under state protection, and wild animals under first and second level state protection include wild camel, yellow sheep, swan, Relict Gull and kite. There are 1000 hectares of Populus euphratica forest and 6000 hectares of Salix koraiensis forest. There are more than 10 springs in the area, which is the only water source for wild animals in the western desert steppe.

(1) The most representative vegetation types are extremely arid desert and typical desert. There are two ecoclimatic zones in the region, with 9 types and 25 sub types of vegetation,

The four vegetation types in the desert of Central Asia are mainly protected, which are bubble thorn, red sand, black firewood and pearl.

(2) Endemic and endangered species of Gobi plants and their habitats. It mainly focuses on the protection of endemic species in Central Asia and the second class national protected plants, such as gymnocarpous soil, Haloxylon ammodendron and Populus euphratica.

(3) Special landforms and places of interest. There are Yulin grottoes, the national key cultural relics protection unit of Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes, the Suoyang city site of Tang Dynasty, the Neolithic Remains of rabbit gourd, the ancient tombs of Han and Tang Dynasties and the wind erosion landform of bulongji.

(4) Wildlife and its breeding and habitat. Wild animals living in extreme arid desert are precious provenances and should be protected. There are 158 species of higher animals in this area, including 29 species of mammals, 106 species of birds, 9 species of reptiles, 1 species of amphibians, 13 species of fish and more than 120 species of insects. They belong to the second category of animals protected by the state, including North goat, Mongolian wild donkey, snow leopard, lynx, gazelle, argali and rock sheep; birds include black goose, bustard, dark bellied snow chicken, Golden Eagle and falcon.

Wild horses

The first wild horses will be released in wanyaodun nature reserve, Dunhuang city.

Wild horse, also known as proctor's wild horse, is a mammal with horse like body shape, dark brown hair, lighter abdominal hair color, long and many tail hair. It often inhabits in desert steppe and is native to China

The Junggar basin of China and the border area between China and Mongolia are known as animals more precious than giant pandas due to their small number.

In order to protect and rescue the endangered wild horses, the largest research and breeding center of endangered animals in China has been established in Dongshawo, Wuwei City, Gansu Province. From 1987 to 1999, the center introduced 15 wild horses from some zoos in Germany and the United States. After more than 10 years of hard work, the number of wild horses in the center has increased from 15 at the time of introduction to 58 now, laying a solid foundation for the future wild breeding. In recent years, researchers have observed and studied the environmental adaptability, feeding habits, disease resistance and reproductive performance of wild horses. At the same time, on the basis of summing up the experience of stocking in Xinjiang, the researchers believe that the desert vegetation in yaodun area of xihuwan in Dunhuang city is good, and the groundwater is rich, which is in line with the living environment of wild horses. Through repeated demonstration and screening, it is finally determined that the first batch of 17 to 18 wild horses will be raised in wanyaodun nature reserve, and an advanced observation and tracking system will be established at the same time, so as to find a basis for the wild horses to return to nature completely in the future.

At present, the preparatory work for wild horse breeding is ready. After the approval of the State Forestry Administration, another world-class rare animal will be added to Dunhuang.

Tourism information

traffic

At Dunhuang Xijiao passenger station, there is a bus to the reserve every 40 minutes from 6:00 to 18:00 every day. Now most of them have changed into new cars, and the ticket price is 6 yuan,

The journey is one hour and 20 minutes.

get accommodation

It is recommended to live in the urban area. Along the way, there are some small hotels, 30 yuan a day, 24-hour hot water, shower and small color TV. There are more than 100 hotels and restaurants in the urban area, with complete facilities, clean and safe, and low price. Generally, you can live well for 50 yuan.

delicious food

Hezhi is a unique mixed powder soup made by Jiuquan. It's soup is mainly mutton soup, and then add pork soup and chicken soup, mixed preparation, the soup color is required to be clear, no seasoning residue or meat crumbs and other debris.

Stir fried five silk with camel hump

It is famous for its tender and plump meat. Hump fried five silk material selection is exquisite, knife fine. Camel hump as the main ingredient, and with yulanpian, Dongru, chives, ham and chicken breast "five silk" fried. If you have a good command of the fire, the dishes will be good in color, aroma and shape. The road is crooked; the tendons of camel's paw are rotten, the meat is crisp and delicious, the color is light yellow, crystal clear and delicious.

shopping

All the famous shopping malls in the city: Feitian shopping mall, Tianma shopping mall, supply and marketing shopping mall, Shazhou market, Nanguan comprehensive market, jifangzhai, etc. Located in Yang

There are not only local snacks with unique flavor, but also Dunhuang crystal stones, glasses, crystal jewelry, jade white camel, Dunhuang silk carpet, statues, mural reproductions, luminous cups, batik clothes, etc. in the Shazhou market on Guandong road. They are all available and can be priced. But when you buy, you should pay attention to the selection, especially some beautifully packaged mural rubbings, which can be almost true in appearance (however, it's better not to be true, otherwise you will be suspected of reselling cultural relics).

Local customs

Spring Festival is the first festival of the year. Jiuquan people in the first half of the Spring Festival (that is, in the middle of December), have begun preparations for the Spring Festival. First of all, every household must do a general cleaning, which is called "house sweeping" (house sweeping), and then they buy meat, vegetables and other new year's supplies one after another. Farmers often kill pigs and sheep, burn steamed buns and fish for nuts (including offerings for worshiping gods), but they are too busy. On the 30th of December, couplets were pasted. In the evening, every family was burning incense and candles to welcome back the kitchen god and worship the family God. Before that, we should first "clear the house".

"Qingzhaizi" is to choose a small bowl of big round stone from the field in advance, hold it home, then wash the stone, put it in the stove and burn it red, take it out and put it in a spoon, and pour half a bowl of good black vinegar on it. The stone immediately hisses and emits a lot of gas of Carboniferous acid. There must be two or three people acting at the same time. One person leads the way with a torch, opens the door and enters each room. The person in charge of the room follows closely, and turns around the four corners of each room to make the room full of carbon acid smoke. When going out, pour some vinegar on the doorsill. The third person carries a lantern and closes the door immediately. Three people in a row, walk quickly, to avoid the stone cooling, do not smoke; finally send out the door, the stone back to the place. This practice is also called "beating vinegar charcoal".

Kitchen God's Day

The 23rd of December is the kitchen god's day, also known as the new year. On the same day, the housewife baked it into "kitchen dry food" (mooncake shape), and offered it to the kitchen god in the dark. If the conditions are good, the family will kill chickens to offer it. Then take down the old kitchen god and replace it with a new one. Burn the old kitchen god and "kitchen maid" together and send the kitchen god to the heaven to report the diligence and kindness of the master to the Jade Emperor. On the evening of December 30 (New Year's Eve), every household will burn incense and offer sacrifices, set off firecrackers to welcome the kitchen god's return. At the same time, on both sides of the statue of the new kitchen god, a couplet was pasted with the words of "good things from heaven, good luck after returning to the palace".

Wanyaodun Nature Reserve

After the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month, we will enter the preparation stage of the lunar new year. The first thing is to "sweep the house". At this time, the whole family mobilized to do a lot of sanitation. This good custom has been handed down to this day.

A few days before December 30, all men, big or small, have to have their hair cut. "If you have money, you have no money to have a bald head for the new year", has become a catchphrase. This habit has been carried on to this day.

Paste couplets

In Jiuquan Spring Festival custom, pasting couplets is also an important part. No matter rich or poor, people always stick couplets as a visual sign of the festival. Most people put up couplets, door gods and door flowers after cleaning on December 30. Some even cut paper and stick window flowers. They are bright red and glittering, adding a new spring scene. Readers pay more attention to the content of couplets to express their literary talent. In the old days, there were also individuals who could not invite a gentleman to write a couplet, so they used ink on the bottom of the bowl to print seven circles on the couplet. There are also in the door pasted with ink Zhong Kui as in order to get rid of evil spirits. Besides, the short couplets of "go out to see happiness" and "welcome happiness to receive happiness" are also pasted outside the street gate, which is also called "newsprint" of spring. The wall of the housing Kang is pasted with "healthy body", "Fushou Kangning" and "lying on the land of happiness"; on the granary, the "five grain is abundant", "rice grain is full of barn"; even the livestock circle should be labeled with "bad head prosperity", "cattle and sheep full circle", so as to pray for the future life and health, and prosperity of six livestock.

keep vigil in the night

In the old days, there was the habit of sitting at night on December 30. It is said that sitting at night can prolong life, so it is also called "aoshou". On that night, the women rush to make new year's dinner (dumplings), while the male hosts tell their children family rules, family education, historical stories, or ask the literate to read a scroll (folk treasure scroll), one for good advice, and the other for family entertainment. Adults usually sit until dawn and wait for "receiving God".

From the first day of the first month to the fourth day of the first month, they did not do farm work, so after breakfast on the fifth day of the first month, every family in the countryside lit wheat straw in front of the door, offered offerings, set off firecrackers, and rushed cattle, sheep, chariots and horses to the scene

Chinese PinYin : Wan Yao Dun Zi Ran Bao Hu Qu