Yanghe building

The temple in front of the building is its special feature. Before the Guandi temple, Liang Sicheng also specially inspected Yanghe building in Zhengding.

Yanghe building

Yanghe building is located in the center of Zhengding County in Hebei Province to the middle of the south gate, across the South Street in the South Gate of Zhengding city. It was built at the end of Jin Dynasty and the beginning of Yuan Dynasty, and was repaired in yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties. Building seven Ying, built on a high open brick platform, under the platform there is a round arch door, one on the left and one on the right, pedestrians and horses can pass, its layout is slightly like the end gate of Tiananmen Square in Beijing, but there is a Guandi temple built on the platform in the middle of the south. It is sad that the Yanghe building was demolished in the 1960s.

On March 18, a consultant appointment ceremony for Yanghe building reconstruction project was held in our county. Zhang Junli, chairman of the county CPPCC, and Wang Jianhua, member of the Standing Committee of the County CPC Committee and Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, attended the appointment ceremony.

brief introduction

Liang Sicheng wrote in a brief account of Zhengding investigation: "in the street, there is a triumphal arch that blocks the way, which is more solemn than that of Constantine in Rome."

Architectural features

The plane of Yanghe building is very simple, which is a seven Ying rectangle. Yanghe building is built on a high open brick platform with a front in the South and a regular script plaque with "Yanghe building" in the middle. There are steps up and down on the east side. The brick platform passes through the left and right openings, and pedestrians, vehicles and horses can pass through. In front of the temple are archways, flagpoles and lions. Inside the archways are gates, and inside the gates are T-shaped temples.

On the brick platform is Yanghe building, 10 meters high, 33 meters wide, 13.5 meters deep, single eaves glazed tile palace building. The plan is rectangular, with seven rooms in total. Five rooms in the middle are open. There are single rooms like bell and drum towers at both ends. There is a stele Pavilion in the East and west of the building.

There is also a Guandi temple within the scope of Yanghe building. Due to the south of Yanghe building, it is small in scale and complete in setting. There is a multi-storey platform in the front, a pair of lions and a pair of flagpoles on the second floor, a pair of stone lions on the second floor, and three archways on the third floor. Behind the archway, there are two platforms surrounded by exquisite stone railings.

The beam frame structure of Yanghe building is the most exquisite, and the wood between the loops can be easily used. In terms of style, the first point worth noticing is the emergence of the four corner column, which is very significant. The head of the corner column is about 23 cm higher than that of the flat column. The second point is that the moon beam is carved on the forehead of the appendix, which is rarely seen in the north. The two ends of the roof are slightly tilted, which is also a kind of practice in the French style of building.

In addition, the most characteristic is the Dougong. Yanghe building and Dougong have many rare features in their division, the balance of their parts, the proportion with the building body, and the connection with the beam frame. Although it is not as strong as the song style, it is much more mature than the Qing style Dougong. Five shop, single arch, double arch, heart building - single arch alone is not the property of Ming and Qing Dynasties. The lower part is false, but the upper part raises its head and raises its tail. Before the Song Dynasty, angduo raised the rear tail, while in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Liujin duels were pretended to be held up, and the head playing and head supporting wood were lengthened to raise the rear tail. What we see here is that one is false, the other is real, and at the same time, playing head and tail is also provoking. This may be said to be the two transitional styles in the late Song Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty. And it can be used as a positive example of the evolution of the high cicada. It was originally made in the Song Dynasty, but when it was made on the head of a column, it was made with a flat false ang, and when it was carved with a false Hua tou Zi, such as the Dougong of Zhihua temple in Beiping.

History

In 1280 (the 17th year of the reign of the emperor Zhizheng of the Yuan Dynasty), xiuyanghe Lou Ji wrote: "Yanghe Lou is the Grand View of Zhenfu. Across the meridian. "Every time you climb here, you can see the HUSHUI River in the south, Hengyue in the north, the sunny haze of Taihang in the right, and the rising sun of the sea in the left. It is like flying out of the world and dominating the sky above the nine clouds.". Emperors, officials and scholars of all dynasties went up to the building to observe the scenery and wrote poems and inscriptions.

Liu Yin, a poet of the Yuan Dynasty, wrote in dengzhenzhouyanghemen: "looking to the north, the clouds open the mountain, and traveling to the East, the air invades the stars. With the presence of the universe, people listen to duckweed. "

Yuan Hongdao of the Ming Dynasty praised this place in Wang Juncheng's invitation to drink in Yanghe building that "ten Zhang Zhu banners shine on water and Yin, and every family plays flute and drum music.". Qianfeng picturesque for a cup of wine, not clear road is leisurely.

Zhu Xi, a neo Confucianist of the Southern Song Dynasty, wrote a square stone named "Rongxi" embedded in the center of the building. During the reign of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty, the horizontal plaque of "Guangda Gaoming" presented by Mingxian Jingsong was hung on the north side of the building.

Many literati, idle and dignitaries built houses near yanghelou. Not far from the north of the building are the imperial archway and the ancestral hall of the Liang family. Liang Qingbiao's "Jiaolin bookstore" is also nearby. According to the records of Heshuo's visit to the ancient times by Yuan people, you can see the prosperity of Heshuo.

The South Street where Yanghe building is located is the historical central axis of Zhengding City, which is called "dragon vein": the dragon head is Yanghe building and Guandi temple, and the dragon tail is the Dragon King Hall at the north end of the city. The eyes of the dragon are the two door openings of Yanghe building. The front face of the dragon is the platform of Guandi temple. The dragon beard is the two flagpoles of Guandi temple. The nose of the dragon is the two semicircular Temple platforms bulging out in front of Guandi temple.

According to Zhengding County annals, in 1489 (the second year of Hongzhi of the Ming Dynasty), "the Hutuo River overflowed and destroyed the city wall, and the flood came in from the southwest corner of the city and flowed out from the northeast corner. Countless people died in the city, and only dozens of survivors were left in yanghelou. It can be seen that yanghelou is a treasure land of geomantic omen and the uplift of "Longji".

Four times, Chinese ancient architecture masters visited Zhengding and studied Yanghe building deeply. In 1933, Liang Sicheng came to Zhengding from Peking. "There are two important discoveries of Yanghe building and the county Confucian Temple", and Mr. Liang is particularly fond of Yanghe building: "along the South Street northbound, he was soon stopped by a tall building. The high brick platform has a Qiying hall on it, which is called Yanghe building. There are two openings under it, dividing the street from left to right This is the place of interest "Yanghe building" in the county annals. At that time, Mr. Liang Sicheng ascended the Yanghe building and wrote down the feelings of "seeing off the four towers by the sill", "looking at Hengyue in the north, overlooking the lake in the south, the sunny haze of Taihang in the right, and the rising sun of Canghai in the left". Mr. Liang Sicheng also took many photos of Yanghe building. Most of the photos he can see now are taken by Liang Sicheng in those years.

Cultural influence

There are many famous buildings in Chinese history, and no one has more influence on culture than Yanghe building in Zhengding.

Yuanqu, which is as famous as Tang poetry and Song poetry, achieved her glory in Zhengding in Yanghe. The massiness of Yanghe building makes the so-called famous buildings which are famous all over the world because of a famous work look like upstarts.

Zhengding was called Zhending in ancient times. In the early Yuan Dynasty, the war moved southward and Zhending's economy and culture recovered earlier. Shi Tianze, the general of the yuan army guarding Zhending, had a high literary accomplishment and liked to fill in Sanqu. His son Shi Zhang once wrote zaju. Their father and son all like to be literati. Bai Pu, who went to Shi in his early days, was brilliant. Inspired by Bai Pu, a large number of literati gathered in Zhending, which strengthened the influence and momentum of his creation and made Zhending the birthplace of Yuan opera.

In the Yuan Dynasty, the surrounding area of yanghelou was the most prosperous area in Zhending. According to the records of Heshuo's visit to ancient times by Yuan people, there were two cities on the left and right, and there were excellent shops and prostitutes, wine and tea stoves, and rich merchants and merchants gathered here. Literati like to go to Yanghe building, drink to the wind, recite poems and write Fu, gather in Yanghe building to discuss works and exchange creative experience. It is in the collision of Yanghe upstairs that Yuanqu changed from folk slang into poetry to a comprehensive transition of literary creation and specialization, and finally became "literature of a generation". It is no exaggeration to say that yanghelou is the cradle of Yuanqu.

In Lu GUI Bo written by Zhong Sicheng of Yuan Dynasty, there are 56 dramatists and 345 kinds of works, among which 7 are Zhending writers and 45 kinds of works. According to Zhong Sicheng, Li Wenwei, Shang Zhongxian, Dai Shanfu, Hou Kezhong, Wang Zemin, Shi Zhang and Hou Zhengqing are all "well-known". In particular, Bai Pu is as famous as Guan Hanqing, Ma Zhiyuan and Zheng Guangzu, and is also known as the four masters of Yuan opera. China Wutong is China's ideal setting for a couple in love with the drama. The "wall of rain" is one of the ten tragedies of Chinese classical drama. It is called the four greatest love dramas of the Yuan drama, the moon Pavilion and Qian Zi soul. Shang Zhongxian's Liu Yi Chuan Shu is a traditional drama of the national drama in China, which reflects the social questions of the Yuan Dynasty profoundly. Ten. Question. And Li Wenwei's "Yanqing fighting fish" and so on, are excellent plays that have been handed down for a long time.

It is the exchange platform of yanghelou that established the historical status of zhendingyuan Zaju and wrote a glorious chapter in the history of Chinese culture. Since then, Zhengding's Opera business has been prosperous for a long time. In the late Qing Dynasty, Lanju society, the country's first organization for fans, was established. Lanju society continued to be Zhengguang Opera Society and erhuangxue. Zhao Zhenduo and Li xiuzhang often organized fans to entertain themselves and perform. Opera has become more and more popular among ordinary people. Up to now, many old people in Zhengding still enjoy talking about the exchange of Zhengding ticket friends with Mei Lanfang, Xi Xiaobo, Mei Baojiu and other masters for many times, and even temporarily saved the performances of the masters in Zhengding.

Mr. Yu Qiuyu said at the right time: This is the hometown of Yuanqu.

However, Yanghe building, a landmark historical and cultural building, has been razed to the ground in the war and cultural revolution. Now, in the ruins of yanghelou

Chinese PinYin : Yang He Lou