Yuhui village site

Yuhui village site

Yuhui village site, also known as yuxu, is located in the south of Qianying village, Qinji Town, Yuhui District, Bengbu City, Anhui Province. It covers an area of about 600000 square meters. It is a large site of Longshan culture period. The remains include trench, circular pit, fire pile, square earth platform and rectangular earth pit. Unearthed pottery, grindstone, plant ash, animal bones, animal teeth and so on

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"Zuo Zhuan · the seventh year of AI Gong" and many historical books contain: "Yu Hui (he) princes in Tushan, holding jade and silk in all countries." Yuhui got its name from this. Yuhui village site is the only site selected in the middle reaches of Huaihe River. As a large-scale Longshan cultural site in the Huaihe River Basin, it provides important information for the study of the process of civilization in the Huaihe River Basin

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In 2007, Yuhui village site was listed in the national civilization exploration project. In May 2013, Yuhui village site was approved as the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council.

Historical evolution

The age of yuhuicun site should belong to the late Neolithic age, about 2300 BC to 2000 BC.

In 1981, Yuhui village was found to have a Longshan cultural site.

In the spring of 2006, the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and Bengbu Museum first carried out on-the-spot investigation and general exploration of the site, and determined that the existing distribution area of the site is 500000 square meters. At the same time, through the trial excavation, the site is preliminarily identified as the remains of the late Longshan culture.

From 2007 to 2011, the Institute of Archaeology of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences conducted five large-scale excavations, covering an area of nearly 10000 square meters.

From April to June in 2007, the excavation sites are the eastern part of the northern part of the sacrificial platform base in area I and the residential area in area II, with a total exposed area of 500 square meters.

From April to June 2008, the excavation was carried out simultaneously in areas I, II and III. The total exposed area is 1800 square meters.

From October 2009 to January 2010, it was carried out simultaneously in areas I, II and III. The total exposed area is 2900 square meters.

From April to June in 2010, the sacrificial ditch on the west side of the sacrificial platform was mainly cleared in area I, while a large area of area II was exposed. The total exposed area is 1205 square meters.

From April to June in 2011, the excavation was mainly in area II. The exposed area is 1200 square meters.

Site features

Yuhui village site is adjacent to Tianhe in the East and Tushan in the north. It is distributed from the East Bank of the complex to the embankment, and from the site to the East and south of the village. It is about 300 meters wide from east to west, 2000 meters long from north to south, and covers an area of about 600000 square meters. The large sacrificial platform with an area of more than 2000 square meters preserved in the site is a large-scale alliance place with specific functions after artificial implementation. After trenching, piling up lime soil, paving loess and covering white soil, a huge white soil covering area with a length of 108 meters from north to South and a width of 13-23 meters from east to West was formed. A series of related facilities are attached to the central axis of the sacrificial platform base, which is an important part of the grand altar field, such as nearly 100 square meters of sacrificial surface, 1 meter square earth platform, 50 meters long and 35 column pits in a row, etc.

Cultural relics

There are pottery, stone tools and bone artifacts on the surface of Yuhui village site. The pottery is mainly composed of red brown pottery with sand, and a small number of objects are Jiagu and bengmo pottery. The body of pottery is heavy and the heat is low. The shape of pottery includes pot, bowl and bowl, and the tripod has side triangular flat feet, "ghost face" empty feet and tapered feet. The patterns of pottery are mainly plain, with a small number of lines, strings, ropes and nests. In addition, a large number of ghost faced tripod pottery fragments, animal teeth, carbon particles, stone arrowheads and farming tools were unearthed.

Cultural relic value

In the process of exploring the origin of civilization in Jianghuai area and how to gather and accelerate the formation of Dynasty, the archaeological excavation of Yuhui village site shows great significance. Because Dayu was closely connected with Tushan, and Tushan had an internal connection with the Yuhui princes, the archaeological data of Yuhui village site has provided important signs. If the appearance of Yuhui village site is completely exposed, it is very important for the study of the origin of Chinese civilization. At the same time, the large-scale human built relics in the site have extremely important academic value for the research of the history of "Dayu's flood control" and "Yu's meeting of the princes", and further for the study of the origin and development of ancient Chinese civilization in Jianghuai region.

In the period of Yao, Shun and Yu, the civilization of Huaihe River Basin was relatively backward, but the archaeological discoveries in recent decades have overturned this view. From the Jiahu Site more than 8000 years ago, Shuangdun site 7000 years ago, Yuchi Temple site 5000 years ago to Yuhui village site 4000 years ago, we can see that there was a relatively developed culture in the Huaihe River Basin during the formation of Chinese civilization. Yuhuicun site, as the only selected site and key site in Huaihe River Basin in the second stage of "source exploration project", will play an important role in supporting the research of the second stage of "source exploration project".

Cultural relics protection

In July 2001, Bengbu Municipal People's government announced it as a key cultural relics protection unit at the municipal level.

In 2009, Bengbu City delimited the protection scope and construction control zone of Yuhui village site, and erected the national protection signboard at the site.

In 2012, Bengbu City implemented the system of cultural relic protectors in the whole city. As a key area, Yuhui village site set up special cultural relic protectors to strengthen the daily protection of the site.

In May 2013, Yuhui village site was approved as the seventh batch of national key cultural relics protection units by the State Council. At the end of the same year, Bengbu City closed down and demolished the newly-built illegal buildings near the Yuhui village site, the private Wharf in the Huaihe River dam, and the sand quarry. At the same time, the "Yuhui village site protection plan" was compiled.

In 2015, Bengbu City formulated the city's cultural relics protection purple line plan. All the preparatory projects involving Yuhui village site will be in accordance with the relevant provisions of the cultural relics law, so as to meet the engineering requirements and ensure the safety of cultural relics.

History and culture

Yuxu culture

Yuxu culture can be traced back to the Neolithic Age of about 5000 years. The excavation of the yuxu site was confirmed to be in the late Longshan culture. The laboratory of the Institute of archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences determined the charcoal and other specimens unearthed during Wang Jihuai's trial excavation by carbon 14, and then concluded that the exact age of the specimen was 2350-2190 BC, which provided a scientific basis for the dating of the yuxu site and verified that the unearthed cultural relics were consistent with the age of Dayu. According to legend, more than 4100 years ago, Dayu met the princes here and married a Tushan's daughter. He never entered the family three times. According to the existing archaeological materials, it can be inferred that the age of Dayu's life was the key period for the formation of ancient Chinese state (Xia Dynasty), which was in the middle and late period of Longshan culture.

Yuhui village is not only the place where the great Yu met the princes, but also the seat of Tushan's kingdom. It was here that Dayu gathered the princes, because there was a powerful Fangguo, the Tushan kingdom. The discovery of this ancient city not only reveals the mystery of the ancient Tushan kingdom for thousands of years, but also explains why Dayu, who represents the Xia Hou family in the Central Plains, married Tushan's daughter, which is a political marriage. When Dayu came here, he had to make an alliance with the powerful Huaiyi countries, so as to achieve the goal of controlling the flood together. Dayu's meeting with the princes may be a wedding ceremony, but it must be an alliance meeting. The princes of all countries held jade and silk to celebrate and confirmed that Dayu further consolidated his position as the leader of the alliance with the support of Tushan's country. In the Han Dynasty, the ancient city moved to the south. Matou city in the South became the core area of this area, and the ancient city of Yuhui princes became the yuxu. Yuhui village is inherited from Tushan's country, whether it is Zuozhuan, Hanshu, shuijingzhu or the local records of later generations, all clearly confirm this inheritance relationship.

Tourism information

Location: Yuhui village site is located in the south of Qianying, Yuhui village, Qinji Town, Yuhui District, Bengbu City, Anhui Province.

Traffic information: there are 206 National Road, Jiefu bengning Expressway and 307 provincial road running through the Yuhui village site, and HeXu expressway and 101 provincial road passing by the town.

Address: Yuhui village, Yuhui District, Bengbu City

Longitude: 117.202343

Latitude: 32.891579

Chinese PinYin : Yu Hui Cun Yi Zhi