Eight lanes and thirteen lanes

Eight lanes and thirteen lanes

Eight lanes and thirteen lanes are national AAAA tourist attractions

It is located in Linxia city, the capital of Linxia Hui Autonomous Prefecture, Gansu Province. Linxia was called Hezhou in ancient times. People who know Hezhou will also know the Hui people in Linxia, also known as "Bafang people". "Bafang" and "Hezhou" became the nicknames of Linxia at the same time, and Bafang shisan lane is the ancient street area of Hezhou ethnic customs. From the Tang Dynasty to now, around the eight mosques, there have been eight religious squares and thirteen streets, so it is called "eight squares and thirteen Alleys". It integrates Hui brick carving, Han wood carving and Tibetan color painting, integrates ethnic characteristics, leisure tourism, green ecology, humanities, science and education, presents the life picture of Muslims, is the name card of Hezhou ethnic folk culture and the "Grand View Garden" of ethnic architectural art.

Development history

As early as the Tang Dynasty, businessmen and religious figures from Dashi (today's Saudi Arabia), Persia and other countries went to bafangyi to do business, preach and settle down. They gradually built eight mosques and their religious houses, forming a Muslim community of "living around temples and trading around religious houses". Therefore, they got the name "Bafang", which means "religious house" and "Fanfang". According to historical records, the first mosque, Nanguan mosque, was built in 1273. By the early Qing Dynasty, eight mosques had been built inside and outside Nanguan, which led to the saying of "Bafang" (zhemati). In the late Qing Dynasty, although the number of mosques increased to more than ten, people used to call this place Bafang. The name of Bafang has a history of several hundred years. The earliest Bafang was located in the south of Hongshui River in Nanmen square of Linxia city, north of sandaoqiao, west of shangershe in the East and east of Xixiang in the West. Later, Bafang was extended to xiaoxiguan, Nanguan, qianheyan, xiaoxiguan, etc.

Main attractions

Famous scenic spots in the scenic area:

1. Bafang folk custom museum: a provincial cultural relic protection unit, formerly known as "grand mansion", located at No. 80, daga lane. It was originally the private residence of Ma tingzhe, the grandson of Ma Zhanao and the son of Ma Anliang. By 1928, the grand mansion had formed a three or four way courtyard with a very wide area. In the center, there are four main courtyards, which are connected with each other, pavilions and corridors. Besides the main courtyard, there are a wide area of backyard, South courtyard, car courtyard, garden and warehouse, which are connected with the main courtyard. Military supplies are stored in the backyard. The south yard is the chariot and horse yard. There are tall walls and sentry towers around the whole building complex, which have the function of military defense. The building imitates the shape of Beijing siheyuan and integrates many local characteristic architectural cultures, such as Hui brick carving, Han wood carving and Tibetan color painting, which represents the ultimate level of architecture in Linxia area. After several wars and man-made damage, there are only some buildings left in the mansion, which is less than one tenth of the original buildings. In 2012, the municipal Party committee and the municipal government launched the renovation and protection project of No. 80 courtyard in daga lane. On the premise of protecting and repairing the main building of No. 80 residential building, the illegal buildings in the courtyard were demolished, and 19 households in the courtyard were placed in low rent housing. After the renovation, the building of No. 80 compound is mainly composed of main room (north room), east-west ear tower, east-west wing room, hall, veranda and garden. The overall decoration is brick carving and wood carving. The simplicity and elegance of green brick and the elegance of wood carving symbolize the integration and harmony of Hui and Han cultures.

2. Bafang character Story Museum: located at No. 65, daga lane, it shows the famous characters of Bafang in the past dynasties.

3. Bafang handicraft Museum: located at 64 daga lane, it displays the ancient intangible cultural heritage of Hezhou, such as bronze, brick, wood, egg, gourd and so on.

4. Hongshui River: it flows from west to East through Linxia city, and also through eight lanes and thirteen lanes. It is the scenic river in the scenic area. The river is clear, the lotus flowers in the water are colorful, and several fountains are blooming. The pavilions and pavilions are very pleasant.

5. East Palace: national key cultural relics protection unit, national AAA scenic spot, located in qianheyan Road, covering an area of more than 50 mu. In the shape of "Tian", it is a quadrangle building complex integrating western and Chinese traditions. Founded in 1938, it is the residence of Ma Buqing, the former deputy commander of the 40th group army of the Kuomintang and the director of Qaidam reclamation. In the northeast main courtyard, there are seven brick and wood buildings facing south, with two corners, two floors and four rooms. The East and West Wing rooms and the opposite hall are all five rooms with seven beams. The southeast courtyard is a flower viewing building, surrounded by a small and exquisite corridor, which is novel and unique. Both the southwest and northwest are quadrangles. Adjacent to the four courtyards, there is a patio. Due to the north of the courtyard, there is a large screen wall with three screens, on which a picture of rivers and mountains is carved. Northeast, northwest corner door on both sides, there is a pair of brick vase with peony. Each courtyard corridor, viewing wall, screen wall and gallery core wall are inlaid with brick carving. The brick carving art of the East Palace Museum contains and collects the essence of the sculpture art of the river state, which is called the "Grand View Garden" of brick carving works.

6. Xinxi road is a characteristic block integrating Islamic characteristic exhibition, ethnic characteristic product management and ethnic customs tourism. Laohua temple, Xinhua temple, Tiejia temple and qianheyan temple are all located on this road.

7. Red Garden: a national AA level scenic spot, originally a caoshutan on the Bank of Hongshui River, was opened up as a garden in 1958. The buildings in the garden combine the small and exquisite Jiangnan garden style with the tall and magnificent Linxia local ethnic architectural features. The pavilions are exquisitely designed, unique in shape, with cornices and angles, carved beams and painted buildings. They are well-known in Northwest China. It skillfully integrates wood carvings of the Han nationality, brick carvings of the Hui nationality and color paintings of the Tibetan nationality. The whole building is well arranged, simple and elegant. The halls, pavilions, corridors, pavilions, waterside pavilions, and walls have their own characteristics. It is the only park in Linxia that has been recorded in the dictionary of Chinese tourist attractions. Now it is a national AA scenic spot. It is a garden park with classical architecture, bonsai and waterscape as the main body. In the late Ming Dynasty and early Qing Dynasty, "archway gate" was built. In the early Republic of China, "Fengling Pavilion" has been built in the garden since 58 years. It is a treasure of Linxia classical architecture group.

8. Hongyuan Square: covering an area of about 43 mu, Hongyuan square is divided into four areas: the northwest is the assembly area, including brick wall and white marble relief; the southwest is the landscape area, including music fountains, water curtain movies and square main sculptures; the northeast is the fitness area; the southeast is the children's activity area. The north is a tourism and leisure area integrating classical architectural art and garden art.

9. Gongbei group: it is located at the north end of eight lanes and thirteen alleys, on the north side of Hongyuan square, with four or five Gongbei, including dagongbei and guogongbei. Eight lanes and thirteen alleys are effectively connected and integrated with Hongshui River, Xinxi Road, Hongyuan, Gongbei group and other scenic spots, forming an ecological landscape with strong ethnic customs.

Famous mosques in the scenic area:

1. Laowang Temple (Laowang mosque): provincial key cultural relics protection unit, located in wangsi street. It was built in 1368, the first year of Hongwu in Ming Dynasty. It was expanded during the reign of Qianlong in Qing Dynasty. It was burned by the national army in 1928 and rebuilt with the donation of Moslems in Sifang in 1933. The main hall of worship is a traditional Chinese palace, and the bunker building is a four story wooden tower with six cornices. It is exquisitely built. It was the quintessence of architecture at that time, and was once the center of Scripture education of Gedimu school. It was demolished in 1968. It was rebuilt in 1980 with the donation of Moslems in Sifang and completed in October 1984. The main hall is Chinese palace style, which is divided into the front hall, the main hall and the back hall. The three halls are organically linked into one, with cornices and angles, standing tall. The top of the hall is in the shape of a mountain. The inside of the hall is carved with beams and painted buildings. There are carvings made of concrete imitation bricks. On the left is the chapter of the original religion, and on the right is the chapter of praise for saints. It is selected from the ceremony of heaven by Liu Zhi, an Islamic scholar in the Qing Dynasty. Bangke building is a five story hexagonal wooden tower with gorgeous decorations. It is the most tall and majestic Bangke building in Gansu mosque. There are also water room, lecture hall, office, residence, canteen and other facilities.

2. Nanguan Temple (Nanguan mosque in Linxia): a key cultural relics protection unit, located in Jiefang Road. It was built at the end of the Yuan Dynasty. When it was first built, it was also called "liangenzhu ancient temple" because it was built on several ancient pine stumps. It was expanded in Hongwu year of Ming Dynasty, and expanded again in Qianlong year of Qing Dynasty. The structure of the worship hall was exquisite, decorated with brick and wood carvings, which looked like "a boat". It was burned in 1928. In 1933, it was rebuilt with the donation of the Muslim squire Ma Lin, adopting the traditional Chinese palace style wooden structure, which is magnificent. The temple used to be an educational center of the ikhwani sect, which trained a large number of imams. It was demolished in 1968 and rebuilt in 1982. The temple covers an area of 6530 square meters and a building area of 5228.44 square meters. The present Temple adopts the integration system of Chinese modern architecture and Arab traditional architecture. The main hall of worship is located in the west to the East and is built on the basement. The hall is a palace style building of steel and wood structure, with high ridge cornices, carved beams and painted buildings. It covers an area of 2160 square meters and can accommodate more than 2000 people to worship at the same time. There are 10 cement columns with a diameter of about 0.8 meters in the front of the hall. The main door and the left and right sides are inlaid with symmetrical brick carvings of 11 square meters each. On the left side of the brick carvings is engraved with "the ancient temple with connected columns built in the Yuan Dynasty". At the top of the hall is the bunker building, with three hexagonal dome towers in a plane triangle configuration. The first two are smaller, 15.75 meters high, and the second one is larger, 26.8 meters high, in the back seat. The door of the building is decorated with the relief of the ancient text of the Koran. The top of the three domes are decorated with new moon signs. They shine brightly at night, and they are very strong

Chinese PinYin : Ba Fang Shi San Xiang