Pedestrian Street

Pedestrian Street

This entry is compiled and applied by "popular science China" Science Encyclopedia

to examine

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Pedestrian street refers to the pedestrian Lane set up in the central area of the city with concentrated traffic, and gradually formed a commercial block.

In principle, the car traffic is excluded here, and a parking lot is set up around it, which is a priority activity area for pedestrians. The meaning of pedestrian street and pedestrian shopping street is the same, which can be called pedestrian street. Pedestrian street is a part of urban pedestrian system. It is a kind of urban construction method for revitalizing the old district, restoring the vitality of urban central district and protecting the traditional block.

On December 1, 2017, the English translation standard for public service was officially implemented, which stipulated that the standard English name of pedestrian street was pedestrian street or pedestrian zone.

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Causes

There are many reasons for the construction of pedestrian street

This section is very prosperous, with many commercial buildings on both sides. Pedestrian density, and the road is relatively narrow. Pedestrians cross the road frequently, and there is a great risk of traffic accidents. In order to avoid pedestrians, vehicles will slow down and compete for the road. After changing into a pedestrian street, it can attract more residents and tourists. Prosperity of the road section, for the local value-added, especially the street floor.

Development stage

The first generation of pedestrian street -- pure commercial pedestrian street just to attract customers

The first generation of pedestrian street only refers to the elements of pedestrian street in form, and its fundamental reason is to strengthen the traffic management in the central area of the city, protect and stimulate the development of retail industry in the central business district. It has improved the traffic environment, dredged the flow of people, greatly increased the turnover of the shops in the pedestrian street, and contributed to the revival of the business in the central area and the prevention of the decline of the central area. But at the same time of commercial success, there are also some adverse consequences: first, commercial success at the expense of the types of goods in the pedestrian area, because the difference between the rents of the shops in the pedestrian street and those outside the pedestrian street is very large, in the pedestrian street, some small commodity stores providing basic services are less and less, but at the same time, there are more and more large department stores; second, because of the pedestrian street The concentration of Commerce has attracted a large number of customers, which has reduced the turnover of street shops near the pedestrian area and harmed the interests of these shops; thirdly, some pedestrian streets are poorly planned and the traffic management is chaotic, which makes the streets around the pedestrian streets overloaded and causes more traffic chaos; fourthly, the first generation of pedestrian streets are rigid and lack of interest, and ultimately fail to stay in people's lives In my memory. Their monotonous environment gives people the impression of "leaving without shopping".

The second generation pedestrian street reflects the concern for walkers and the humanized construction of environment.

The second generation of pedestrian blocks in the form of the continuation of the first generation of pedestrian blocks, there are also some forms of pedestrian streets associated, that is, the network pedestrian street. The emergence of the second generation of pedestrian blocks reflects that people attach importance to the quality of urban environment and the relationship between human behavior and environment. On the basis of the first generation of pedestrian street, many decorations have been added, such as green space, colorful road surface, street sculpture, seats, etc., which increase the friendly and pleasant atmosphere of the pedestrian street. After shopping, people still have the interest to stay here, get rest and contact with each other, meet the behavioral requirements of pedestrians, and show their concern for people. The second generation pedestrian street embodies the design idea of "not only emphasizing shopping activities, but also considering the comfort of pedestrians".

The third generation pedestrian street has become the center of social activities

The third generation of pedestrian street has changed a lot in form. It is no longer just a single street, but has added many elements, such as several pedestrian streets connected, with squares at both ends of the street; there are underground pedestrian shopping centers; air overpass pedestrian system, etc., which make the environment of pedestrian Street more pleasant. In a large area of the city center, the establishment of no traffic area is more conducive to the protection of historical buildings and cultural relics in the city center; at the same time, there are many social and cultural activities in the pedestrian area, people are more attracted by the environment and a variety of activities, rather than just shopping activities, showing its social benefits. Here, people's behavior is very rich, enjoy the fun of interpersonal communication in a relaxed environment. The urban pedestrian block strengthens people's regional identity, becomes the symbol of the city, and also becomes the center of social activities in the city.

Main types

There are two types of pedestrian streets: one is the pedestrian street which is transformed from the original central commercial street in the old city through traffic management; the other is the pedestrian street which is designed according to the principle of pedestrian and vehicle diversion in the new area of the old city or the central area of the new city. The central commercial streets in old cities often attract a large number of traffic and people. There are a small number of local residents, a large number of floating population, a large amount of traffic, congested roads, mixed traffic and walking activities, and the environmental quality is declining. We need to transform these blocks.

From the perspective of tourists' consumption behavior, it can be divided into shopping oriented pedestrian street and leisure consumption oriented pedestrian street; from the perspective of core attraction, it can be divided into tourism oriented pedestrian street, business oriented pedestrian street and comprehensive pedestrian street; from the perspective of formation mechanism, it can be divided into urban leisure Commercial Pedestrian Street (District) and Tourism Leisure Pedestrian Street (District); in addition, it can be divided into consumption group, scale and volume, location elements and building type characteristics The street is classified and analyzed.

According to the functional emphasis of pedestrian streets, they can be divided into the following categories:

Commercial pedestrian street

This kind of pedestrian street takes the commercial profit of the central district as the fundamental goal, and pays attention to the quality of the environment in the city center. There is often a friendly and pleasant atmosphere in the pedestrian street. Green space, colorful pavement, street sculpture, seats and so on are set up, so that people are willing to stay in the pedestrian street after shopping.

The traditional commercial pedestrian street is formed in the history, which is in the center of the city and the center of the urban area. It is the name card of the city, reflecting the prosperity of the city, with unique and non renewable. Tourism resources, cultural resources and commercial resources are its core competitiveness.

The characteristic commercial pedestrian street has three characteristics

a. Highlight the characteristics of professional goods, and the shops operating professional goods can account for 50% in the characteristic commercial street;

b. Highlight the national and folk characteristics;

c. It has the characteristics of leisure and amorous feelings.

For example, the tea Street on Malian road in the south of Beijing, the decorative cloth street in Yangcun, the Silk City in Hangzhou, the Panyu electric street in Guangdong Province, and many food bars scattered all over the country.

Indoor pedestrian shopping street

This kind of building is usually a large-scale indoor building integrating shopping, entertainment, leisure and sightseeing, with lights, flowers, trees, sculptures and other comforts. Indoor pedestrian shopping streets usually provide the following places and services: retail (including department stores and various specialty stores), restaurants, bars, cafes, cinemas, theatres, business clubs, children's parks, business and business negotiation rooms, etc. The indoor commercial pedestrian street can provide a good and comfortable small environment, so that commercial activities are free from the impact of natural climate. Large shopping mall and underground commercial street belong to the category of indoor commercial pedestrian street. Indoor commercial pedestrian street has the following special functions:

a. Indoor pedestrian street can provide a good and comfortable small environment, so that consumers are no longer troubled by the natural climate and enjoy the comfortable consumption process at any time.

b. In the traditional business off-season, the indoor pedestrian street has a strong appeal to consumers.

c. The indoor pedestrian street expands the commercial space of the pedestrian street, and meets the requirements of the pedestrian street on the volume to a certain extent.

Tourism and leisure pedestrian street

This kind of pedestrian street often has multiple functions, and the main purpose of this kind of pedestrian street is to provide a pleasant leisure and entertainment environment for pedestrians. In such a pedestrian street, people can often fully feel the fun of communication and entertainment, shopping is no longer the theme.

Sightseeing and leisure streets usually exist in cities with long history and cultural details, including some ancient cities and ancient towns, such as Liulichang in Beijing, old streets in Tunxi, Shanghai new world, or pedestrian streets specially built for tourism purposes, such as Austria's second largest cities, Salzburg's walking area, Italy's water city Venice, Barcelona famous "Anhui city". Lambola Avenue, etc.

This kind of pedestrian street has innate and unique functions of tourism, sightseeing and leisure, which should be built in combination with the historical resources of our city.

Community, life and pedestrian street

This kind of pedestrian street is often not located in the center of the city as the leisure pedestrian street and commercial pedestrian street. It is located in a residential area, or at the junction of several residential areas. It may be a pedestrian street with commercial functions, or it may be a pedestrian street designed purely for residents' leisure and entertainment. Therefore, the life pedestrian street can be regarded as the combination of commercial pedestrian street and leisure pedestrian street, which is the concentration of the two in people's daily life, and is also one of the types of pedestrian street which is most closely related to people's life.

The customer base of the community pedestrian street is fixed, and its scale should be consistent with the community population

Chinese PinYin : Bu Hang Jie