Longjia courtyard

Longjia courtyard

Longjia courtyard is a traditional Chinese residence which embodies the architectural style of Ming Dynasty. Located in heinaoling village, Jiantou Town, Xintian County, Hunan Province, 14 kilometers away from the county seat. Because of the long family name of the whole village, it is called the long family compound. The villagers are the descendants of long BOGAO, the governor of Lingling in the early Eastern Han Dynasty. They moved here from Lingling during the Yuanfeng period of emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty, with a history of more than 930 years. Longjia courtyard is the most distinctive brick and wood structure building complex in Yongzhou City in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The ancient village houses and ancient cultural sites are still well preserved. These dwellings and historic sites, located in the geomantic treasure land, are ingenious in design, exquisite in production, extraordinary in bearing, and still in charm, reflecting the wisdom and superb architectural skills of the ancient working people.

The compound is located in the middle of daguanling. The whole courtyard is located in the middle of the mountain. One kilometer from the back of the mountain, there is an ancient castle site. The long family moved here and did not prosper until the end of the Ming Dynasty.

There are 48 existing buildings with typical cultural characteristics of southern Hunan. They are all green brick walls, small green tiles, hard hilltops with wind and fire walls, pavilions and pavilions. The wood carvings are exquisite, the color paintings are gorgeous, and the shadow walls are simple.

There are 128 couplets in the Longjia courtyard, which reflect the farming culture and the idea of seclusion and seclusion. They also inherit longbogao's character of being honest, prudent, modest and thrifty. Couplets not only have exquisite calligraphy, but also have different fonts.

Tourists call the Longjia courtyard "a hundred year old courtyard, a legacy of the Taishou, a paradise and a beautiful village".

Courtyard features

There are more than 60 ancient dwellings, most of which were built in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties. The house is simple and generous, spacious and applicable, no luxury, little decoration, neat streets, no sewage and garbage in the roadway. The most distinctive is the couplet on the building's door wall. The font is graceful and elegant, and the meaning pursues tranquility and nature. One of them reflects the elegant taste of the host. The couplet said, "live in the same residence as Mr. Jingjie, and live in the style of Lingling prefect.". Mr. Jingjie is Tao Yuanming. Tao's residence is "more than ten Mu square house, eight or nine thatched cottages", which can "pick chrysanthemums under the East fence and see Nanshan leisurely". "Eight virtues" such as "Dunhou Zhoushen", the Lingling prefect, have been inherited in the long family. The owner of these houses, Long Yin (long Qibao), is a typical one, which embodies the wisdom and art of the ancient working people.

Historical celebrities of the dragon family

Since the people of the Longjia compound moved over as descendants of longbogao, they have strictly abided by the family motto of "valuing genealogy, respecting ancestors, filial piety and friends, respecting the boudoir, being friendly to the neighbors, being eager to lose, and abstaining from idleness". For hundreds of years, they have attached great importance to farming and despised merchants. There are not many influential figures in the business, political and literary circles. Only during the period from the Republic of China to the liberation, a man named Long Yin was very famous in Xintian.

Longyin, also known as longqibao. He is the first philanthropist in Xintian County. He has never been an official or a member of any political party. Long Yin studied in Wuhan Art College and Shanghai Art College successively. He is good at painting plum and bamboo. He is the master of traditional Chinese painting Liu Haisu

student. Since 1929, he has been the president of the county relief center, and donated 500 stone rent Valley farmland as the expenses of the relief center. He also donated money and advocated the construction of the well preserved Longshan school, which is a famous enlightened gentleman in the county. After liberation, he was appointed as a member of the land reform committee and the CPPCC Committee by the county government as an "enlightened gentleman". Later, because his family owned nearly 8000 mu of fertile land, he was designated as a big landlord during the land reform and was sent home. It is said that he could not bear the pressure and died of suicide. With the death of Long Yin, the origin of the huge wealth of the long family building the village has become a huge secret, no one can solve it!

This building is Longyin's house. It was built in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. On the left is the lobby room, on the right is Longyin's house, and on the upper floor is his studio. The windows made of cast iron and glass in this building can be regarded as very modern at that time. The cast iron windows have not rusted after wind and rain, which shows the exquisite workmanship of that time. Upstairs is Longyin's studio, which can lead directly to the back garden. Longyin is good at painting plum and bamboo, which has a lot to do with it. (coming down from the upstairs) after walking through the corridor which can keep out the sun and rain, we came to the first Hall of the long family courtyard, which is called Dunhou hall, and the long family courtyard is called the hall house. The hall house of the dragon's courtyard is a green brick auxiliary ground. On the back wall there is a place for worshiping ancestors, called Jiaxian. There is a memorial tablet of ancestors on it. On important days or important things, such as marriage, building houses, giving birth to children and so on, they all have to offer a pillar of incense to their ancestors and pray to their ancestors for their blessing. There is a large patio in the lobby, which is generally about 20 square meters, with wing rooms on both sides. The function of the patio is to ventilate and light, gather rainwater in all directions, and make money from water. Like the water in Yuetang, it means that money does not flow out. In ancient times, people raised a turtle in the outfall, and the turtle crawling inside could dredge the sewer. There is the largest Qingshi water tank in the Longjia compound. The water tank is 1.2 meters high, 1.8 meters long and 80 cm wide. It can store water, raise fish and lotus. It also has the function of fire fighting, so it is also called Taiping tank. The opposite wall is the screen wall, on which is painted a three clawed golden dragon, which has the function of exorcism and house prohibition. To draw a three clawed dragon instead of a five clawed dragon means that the ancestor is a dragon surname and does not forget the ancestor. Second, the five clawed dragon can only be used by the emperor for fear of causing death. But it's brave enough to paint the dragon on the wall.

Stories and legends

According to the genealogy of the long family, the villagers of the long family compound are the descendants of long BOGAO, the Lingling prefect in the Liuxiu period of the Eastern Han Dynasty. As the tomb keeper of long BOGAO, the first ancestor of the long family, long self-cultivation, migrated from Lingling during the Yuanfeng period of Emperor Shenzong of the Song Dynasty, with a history of 930 years. Because the ancestors of the long family adored the tranquility and nature, they returned to the plain and returned to the real farm life. For hundreds of years, they lived in peace and enjoyed the family happiness of their children and grandchildren. Until the light year of the Qing Dynasty, long yuncang started with two acres of thin farmland. According to the legend of the village, he had a chance encounter and began to make a fortune. He built a large-scale construction project in the long family compound, basically building the current scale of the long family compound. Later, long yuncang's three sons grew up and separated. Among them, the eldest son, long Dayuan, got several rooms in the middle hall, the second son, long Dapei, got several rooms in the left Hall of the compound, and the third son, long Dashu, got several rooms in the right hall. Since then, the architectural pattern of the Longjia compound has basically taken shape.

favoured policy

Since the outbreak of New Coronavirus pneumonia, tens of thousands of medical workers across the country have been fighting hard to fight the first line of epidemic prevention and control, and have been the most beautiful and backward traveler. To pay homage to the "angel in white" and the kindness of doctors, from the end of the epidemic to May 12, 2021 (nurse's day), medical workers and their parents, spouses and children (including Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) can enjoy the scenic spot with their doctor's qualification certificate, nurse's qualification certificate or hospital work card, their ID card and household register (which can prove their kinship) Tickets are free of charge.

Address: Maoli Township, Jiantou town

Longitude: 112.125243

Latitude: 25.816078

Chinese PinYin : Long Jia Da Yuan