Nie's ancestral hall

Nie's ancestral hall

Ancestral hall, also known as ancestral hall, is the place where the Chinese people worship their ancestors and sacrifice, and is the symbol of the clan. The system of ancestral temple came into being in Zhou Dynasty. In ancient times, the literati did not dare to build the ancestral temple, which was exclusive to the emperor. Zhu Xi advocated family ancestral halls in Song Dynasty: each family should build a four niche ancestral hall to worship the four gods of Gao, Zeng, Zu and you. Ancestral hall is the center of the interweaving of clan power and theocracy. The chief priest in the ancestral hall is called zongzi. He is also called Zongchang in charge of the affairs of the whole clan. He is also called Zongzheng and Zongzhi. The ancestral temple embodies the characteristics of the integration of family and country under the patriarchal system, and it is a place for national unity.

Historic sites (cultural relic protection units) are the specific heritages or sites of ancestors in history, culture, architecture and art. It includes ancient buildings, traditional settlements, ancient streets, archaeological sites and other historical and cultural relics, covering politics, defense, religion, sacrifice, residence, life, entertainment, labor, society, economy, education and other fields, making up for the lack of written and historical records.

Brief introduction of ancestral temple

Ancestral temple (Z ō NGC í), also known as ancestral temple, ancestral temple and ancestral hall, is a place for setting up the God's memorial tablet of ancestors, holding ancestor worship activities and engaging in family affairs. The folk construction of family ancestral halls can be traced back to the Tang and Five Dynasties. Putian Erythrina jinzifang ancestral hall was built in the late Tang Dynasty. The ancestral hall of Huang family in Huangxiang village of Hanjiang was built in the first year of Ming Dynasty (1032). In the Southern Song Dynasty, the Lin family in Putian "built ancestral temple" and "set up sacrificial products". (Song Lian's complete works of Song Wen Xian Gong, Volume 12) the ancestral hall of the Chen family in Jianyang was built in the Yuan Dynasty. Large scale ancestral halls were built in Ming and Qing Dynasties. At this time, after a long period of development and reproduction, the number of clans in Fujian was increasing. In order to unite the clans, the clans built large-scale buildings and built ancestral temples for a time.

According to the records of Guangze County in the early Qing Dynasty, "there were few ancestral halls of various ethnic groups in the past, but in recent decades, most of the people who gathered their families and lived there built ancestral halls in urban and rural areas. In the spring and Autumn period, sacrificial rites were ordered to show Mu's virtues, respect for the old and respect for the virtuous, and have the legacy of pursuing a distant and harmonious family. " (Guangze county annals of Qianlong, Qing Dynasty, Vol.4 local records and customs) there are not only ancestral halls and ancestral halls (or "general ancestral hall") that are jointly worshipped by one family, but also each room and branch room in the family, often with their own ancestral halls and branch ancestral halls to worship their lineal ancestors. In the old days, Zhaoan County, Zhangzhou Prefecture, said, "if you live in a place where you can live, you will have ancestral hall, ancestral hall and branch ancestral hall." Most of the ancestral temples in this period have been preserved to this day.

Ancestral hall building

Most ancestral hall buildings pay attention to "Feng Shui". They usually rebuild old houses into ancestral halls in the places where their ancestors first lived. When some families build houses, they often build ancestral halls first. Some small villages with single surname in Northern Fujian were unable to prepare for the construction of large ancestral halls, so they set up memorial tablets in front of the villages for their ancestors. Ancestral hall is generally located in the east of the main bedroom (front hall), with three rooms and two outer doors. The main gate is usually not opened, but only opened during the spring and Autumn Festival or when the people discuss important matters. Outside the main hall, there is a small house for storing sacrificial utensils and letters, which is surrounded by an independent building complex. There is only one main hall in an ordinary ancestral hall. There are four niches in the main hall (there are also 8-10 niches). There is a cabinet in the niches, which contains the ancestral tablets (called "God master card"), and the four niches are gaozukao, gaozuhen, Kao, hen's official position and name. In front of each niche, there is a long and low table for offering sacrifices. In some ancestral temples, every new male of the clan should stick a piece of red paper on the column and write ××× the eldest son (or the second son, etc.) and name ×××, so as to report to the ancestors. Nowadays, in the large wooden niches in the middle of some ancestral halls in Southern Fujian, the memorial tablets of the ancestors have been replaced by the portraits of the masters. If the deceased has a son who is married (not died prematurely), his portrait can be taken into the ancestral hall. In Chongwu area of Hui'an, the Dragon walls of almost all ancestral halls are pasted with seal characters, "gold foil" and pictures of mirrors, rulers, scissors and double happiness cut with tinfoil paper, which are used to town houses. Most of the Fu and Zhuan scripts include "Xuanwu God Town in the north", "Baihu God Town in the west", "Qinglong God Town in the East" and "Zhuque God Town in the South". On weekdays, the empty houses of the ancestral hall are lent to people who have no houses, and the coffins of some people are also placed in the ancestral hall. When the people died, they sent ashes to the temple. When people go out to visit their ancestors to find their roots, they must first go to the ancestral hall to worship, and then pack the ashes of the ancestral hall and the soil of their hometown to show that they do not forget the roots.

Nie's ancestral hall

Nie's ancestral hall in Gongchuan, Yong'an City, Fujian Province: it is located in the southern suburb of Gongbao, Yong'an City (wuxiatou). The temple was first built during the reign of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (1628-1644); it was rebuilt in 1688 with the donation of Nie Sheng; it was rebuilt again in 1801. In 1885, the temple was destroyed and rebuilt in 1989.

ancestral hall

Nie's ancestral hall in Anji, Jinxi, Jiangxi

Nie's ancestral hall in Linchuan, Jiangxi Province

Nie's ancestral hall in Jitang, Yongfeng, Jiangxi

Nie's ancestral hall in Xiujiang, Jiangxi

Nie's ancestral hall in Jiujiang, Jiangxi

Nie's ancestral hall in Ninghua, Fujian

Nie's ancestral hall in Shengshan, Fujian

Jinxi Nie clan ancestral hall in Jianning, Fujian

Nie's ancestral hall in Tingping, Fujian

Nie's ancestral hall, Panyang Houlu, Gutian, Fujian

Nie's ancestral hall at Bulou, Lifang, Guangze, Fujian

The ancestral hall of the nies in Zhangyuan, Hufang, Mingxi, Fujian

The ancestral hall of the Nie family in Boluo, Guangdong

Nie's ancestral hall in Jiangmen, Guangdong

Dagang Nie's ancestral hall, HUAIJI County, Guangdong Province

Nie's ancestral hall in Yunmeng, Hubei

The ancestral hall of Nie family in huludun, Huangmei County, Hubei Province

Nie's ancestral hall in Changshou, Chongqing

Nie's ancestral hall in Taihu Lake, Anhui Province

Nie's ancestral hall at Bianhe, Jianli, Jingzhou, Hubei

ancestral hall

Nie's ancestral hall in Yongcheng, Henan Province

Nie's ancestral hall in Huangao, Hunan

Nie's ancestral hall in Xinhui, Guangdong

Nie's ancestral hall in Xingyang, Henan

Nie Zheng ancestral hall in Jiyuan, Henan Province

other

Nie's ancestral residence in Qingzhou, Shandong Province

Nie's courtyard in Yingjing, Sichuan

Old house of Nie family in Cangwu Xindi

Nie's old house in Yaoluoping, Yuexi, Anhui

Renhou Nie culture palace in Minqing, Fujian

Memorial Hall of nieshiyuan clan in Loudi, Hunan Province

Niezu Temple

Nie's ancestral temple in Jianning, Fujian: it is located in Dayuan village, Jinxi Township, Jianning county. The temple was first built in the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty (1796-1820) and rebuilt in 1979.

Address: 089 Heung Road

Longitude: 112.10454300007

Latitude: 27.181990000067

Chinese PinYin : Nie Shi Zong Ci