Jingdong Confucian Temple

Jingdong Confucian Temple

Jingdong Confucian temple is located at the foot of Yuping mountain in the west of Jingdong County. It was built in 1682 and rebuilt in the 1980s. The ancient building complex of Confucian temple is composed of panchi, Kui Pavilion, bell and Drum Tower, Lingxing gate, Dacheng hall and Dacheng gate, with a total area of 5511 square meters. Jingdong County Museum is located here. The main building of Dacheng hall is a single eaves building with a beam on the top of the hill. It is 20.7 meters wide and 14.95 meters deep. It has glazed tile surface. There are 28 brackets under the eaves. The main ridge is set with a crown and a beast kissing. The pillars of the hall are painted with golden dragons. The whole building is solemn and grand. It has been more than 600 years since the Confucian temple was built in Jingdong. The existing Jingdong Confucian temple, founded in 1682, is located at the foot of Yuping mountain in the west of the county seat. It has a history of 323 years. It is one of the well preserved ancient buildings in Southwest Yunnan.

In 1986, it was announced as a key cultural relic protection unit at the county level by the county people's government; in 1987, it was announced as a key cultural relic protection unit in Yunnan Province by the provincial people's government; in 2013, it was announced as a national key cultural relic protection unit by the state Council; in 2004, it was rated as an AA tourist attraction by the provincial tourism administration. In 2016, it was rated as AAA tourist attraction by Pu'er Tourism Development Commission.

In February 2020, in order to thank the national medical staff for their dedication, from the date of the resumption of business to December 31, 2020, the national medical workers and their two family members visited the scenic spot free of charge.

Historical data

Jingdong Yi Autonomous County in Yunnan Province is one of the earliest developed areas in Southwest China. The Neolithic relics unearthed from bingkuang site in Linjie Township on the Bank of Lancang River prove that as early as the Neolithic age, human beings lived and multiplied in this ancient and mysterious fertile land. In the Nanzhao period of Tang Dynasty, it became an important town in the south. Yinsheng festival was once set up, especially in the Ming Dynasty After the establishment of Jingdong Wei, a large number of military, civilian and commercial personnel poured into Jingdong, bringing the advanced culture, science and technology and production experience of the Central Plains. Through joint development with the local people of all ethnic groups, it greatly promoted the economic and cultural development of Jingdong, creating and inheriting the splendid material culture and spiritual culture. Jingdong Confucian temple is one of them.

Gu Yun: "rites and music can serve soldiers, so poems and books cultivate good spirit." Since Emperor Wu of Han Dynasty "dethroned hundreds of schools and respected Confucianism alone", he vigorously advocated Confucianism from the top to the bottom, and Confucius' theory gradually became the spiritual pillar of China's feudal society, resulting in the situation that "the scholars in the world were all in the rage". At the end of the Yuan Dynasty and the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, Confucianism rose in Jingdong, so it began to build Confucian temples, carry out activities of sacrificing Confucius, carry out cultural education and stabilize the society, spread Confucianism, cultivate and select talents, in order to maintain and develop the centralized feudal unified country. As a result, Jingdong Confucian temple became the spreading place of Jingdong Confucian culture, which played a historical role in inheriting ancient Chinese civilization and carrying forward traditional culture, and had a profound impact on Jingdong history and culture. Even the Tao chieftain in Jingdong was deeply influenced by Confucian culture and donated money to build Confucian temples for many times. Cheng Hanzhang, a famous cultural figure in Jingdong in the Qing Dynasty, had been an official for 32 years, but he still did not forget Sangzi. In 1819, he ordered his eldest son Cheng Chengxiu to donate 3790 liang of his salary to Jingdong to repair the Confucian temple for the benefit of the villagers. It is the admiration of the people of all ethnic groups in Jingdong for the great spirit and personality charm of Confucius that makes Jingdong Confucian temple survive and become a relatively intact Confucian temple except Jianshui Confucian temple in Yunnan. Therefore, on August 20, 1986, it was announced by the county people's government as a key cultural relics protection unit at the county level; on December 21, 1987, it was announced by the provincial people's government as a key cultural relics protection unit in Yunnan Province. Jingdong Confucian temple was first built in Tangyao. It was rebuilt in the west of nancangjing in 1442. It was moved to Tangyao in the 15th year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (1587) and burned at the end of Ming Dynasty. In 1660 of the Qing Dynasty, Xu Shuhong, the magistrate of Jingdong County, took his residence as a temple school. In 1682, he moved to the foot of Yuping mountain, and in 1700, he moved to Tangyao. In 1752, Qianlong moved back to the foot of Yuping mountain; in 1806, Jiaqing; 1841, Daoguang; 1862, Tongzhi; in 1874, Tongzhi donated money for reconstruction. It has been more than 600 years since the Confucian temple was built in Jingdong. The existing Jingdong Confucian temple, founded in 1682, is located at the foot of Yuping mountain in the west of the county seat, with a history of 323 years. Because Jingdong is the most important place in history, with constant wars and chaos, it has been repaired and destroyed several times. During the cultural revolution, the Confucian temple was seriously damaged, which made it obsolete, beyond recognition, with leaking houses and sloping walls. It was not until 1978 that the people urgently demanded the restoration of the Confucian temple, which received the attention of the party and the government. In October 1983, funds were allocated for the construction, and by the end of 1986, the construction was basically completed. In 1994, the Dacheng hall, the right wing room and the stone railings of the emperor's platform of the Confucian temple were improved and restored. In 1995, the statue of Confucius was installed. In April 2004, the Lingxing gate was rebuilt, the central axis road was rebuilt, and the whole Confucian temple was painted again. Therefore, the Jingdong Confucian temple is full of light and color, presenting itself in a brand-new and beautiful manner in front of tourists, just like a bottle of exquisitely carved works of art for people to appreciate and ponder.

Construction situation

Jingdong Confucian temple, covering an area of 5292 square meters, faces east from the West. It is mainly built longitudinally. It is a stepped courtyard with central axis symmetry. It is composed of Zhaobi, panchi, hexagonal pavilion, bell and Drum Tower, Lingxing gate, Dacheng gate, tianzitai, Dacheng hall and wing rooms on both sides. In front of the river, behind the pillow jade screen, by mountains and rivers, towering ancient trees, attic corner Pavilion, bell four Yang, simple and magnificent, very spectacular. You can visit the Confucian temple in a variety of ways. Standing on the wall, majestic and solemn. In front of the screen wall, there is an open space. On the right side, there are two ancient Toons. The umbrella is towering, blocking the sky and the sun. In the middle of Zhaobi is the gate of the Confucian temple rebuilt in 1986. In front of the gate, there are two big stone lions, one on the left and one on the right, guarding the Confucian temple like two powerful guards.

In front of the gate are semicircular stone steps with five steps. On both sides of the gate are fine stone carvings. A pair of small stone lions carry the threshold. Above the two vermilion gates are lifelike wood carvings. Stepping into the gate, panchi was restored in 1984. Panchi is crescent shaped, made of stone blocks, surrounded by 45 watchposts and 41 fence boards. In the middle of panchi is the Lingkong stone arch bridge, which is composed of six observation pillars and six guard boards on one side. There are concrete passageways around the pool. The corridor is surrounded by a lawn. On the lawn on the right, there is a pine tree, which adds holy color to panchi. It is said that the Confucian temple used to be a place for the examination of civil servants. It often gathers many poets and poets, which is very lively. The successful examinee will be led by the examiners to visit panchi. Only when they swim over panchi can they be officially employed. Now, as time goes by, panchi has become a place for researchers to study. Across the stone arch bridge, along the stone steps and up 15, is a piece of grass, grass. After walking through the grassland and going up to level 13, it is a flat grassland again. There are towering trees such as ancient toon, ancient plum and poplar eye, which are decorated with grassland. Under the ancient tree, there are two hexagonal pavilions standing opposite each other, like a beauty standing under the tree to enjoy the cool. Built in 1985, the six corner Pavilion is a double eaves six square pavilion with a bucket like structure. The overall design is rigorous, the style is small, exquisite and durable. The pavilion is decorated with carved beams, calligraphy and paintings. Visitors can rest in the pavilion. Across the small bridge on the big ditch, up five steps to the bell and Drum Tower. The bell and Drum Tower was rebuilt in 1985. It has a double eaves and a Xieshan roof. It has two floors up and down. When you climb the tower, you can have a panoramic view of the county. There are bronze bells hanging on the eaves of the roof. The breeze is blowing and tinkling like a spring, which adds elegance to the Confucian temple. Climbing eleven steps is a piece of cement land. In 2004, a stone railing was built, and climbing seven steps is the Lingxing gate.

Lingxing gate, rebuilt in 1983 and 2004, is the core of the Confucian temple. It belongs to the lifting beam type archway wooden frame, and the whole wooden frame stands on the Xumi seat which is 1.55 meters high. Xumizuo is made of huge stones, surrounded by various reliefs, such as dragon flying and Phoenix dancing, fish leaping over the dragon's gate, birds and flowers. On the top of xumizuo, there are rolling stones 1.8 meters high at the front and back. Under the eaves, there are dazzling flat body kedou arches with seven floors. They are placed on the architraves to support the eaves purlin roof. The roof is of Xieshan style, covered with glazed tiles, purple, yellow and green, forming a square pattern. There are precious lions, precious dragons and precious bottles on the ridge of the roof, wind bells on the eaves, colorful lanterns on the zhuanfang, and square beams on the columns to match the poems and paintings. On the front and back plates, there are three dazzling characters - "Lingxing gate". Lingxing gate, with crisscross eaves, stands majestically and splendidly. Through the Lingxing gate, five steps up, and a piece of flat land, two wing rooms opposite each other, built in 1986, belong to the bucket structure, unique and beautiful shape, with beautiful windows, lantern windows, panel windows, roof eaves, are painted, colorful, beautiful. Eleven steps up is dachengmen. It was rebuilt in 1984. It is a bucket like structure with a hill like roof. Inside, there are long bars and benches in front and back for tourists to rest and enjoy. In the middle behind Dacheng gate is an octagonal gate. Beyond the gate, there is a courtyard. There is a wing room in the north and south. The left wing room was built in 1986, and the right wing room was built in 1994. The architectural style is similar to the two wing rooms mentioned above

Chinese PinYin : Jing Dong Wen Miao