Xiamen University Human Museum

The Chinese mainland China Museum of human history is a famous museum of UNESCO (137 museums in China). It is also the only Museum of anthropology in mainland China. The Museum of human history is the hot blog of Xiamen University. Located in Xiamen University, Xiamen City, Fujian Province. It was prepared in 1952 and officially opened in March 1953.

Anthropology Museum of Xiamen University

synonym

The Museum of Anthropology of Xiamen University generally refers to the Museum of Anthropology of Xiamen University

The Museum of human history of Xiamen University is a famous museum UNESCO. It is also the only Museum of anthropology in Chinese mainland. It is located in Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian. It is one of the museums under the hot blog of the Xiamen University School of humanities.

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The human Museum of Xiamen University is a specialized museum of Chinese anthropology, archaeology and ethnology. There are 4575 cultural relics and 7110 special books in the museum. The exhibition is divided into three parts: the origin and development of human beings, the origin and development of culture, and Chinese and foreign national cultural relics. The origin and development of human shows the panoramic view of the development route from ape to human, including various stages of ancient human models, panoramic view of primitive social life, ancient human and animal fossils and restoration images, and Paleolithic tools in Malaya caves.

Collection

At present, the museum has seven exhibition rooms and a stele Gallery, with a total of nearly 6000 cultural relics, including relics from the Paleolithic, Neolithic, Shang and Zhou dynasties, Warring States, Qin and Han Dynasties, Wei, Jin, southern and Northern Dynasties, Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties, song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, as well as cultural relics from ethnic minorities, Minnan customs and Nanyang nationalities, as well as a series of models and stele galleries of evolution from ape man to modern man. The exhibits show the evolution of human beings and their culture, focusing on the culture of Southeast China and Nanyang culture. Among them, the Neolithic relics in Southeast China reflect the ancient cultural relationship between Taiwan and Mainland China.

The museum's Paleolithic artifacts and models are mainly from North China. Neolithic relics are mainly in Southeast China, especially in Fujian and Taiwan. Among them, Neolithic and pottery of the Yuan Shan site in Taiwan is the only collection in Chinese mainland. Neolithic and Paleolithic artifacts from Southeast Asia and Australia are rare collections in China. The exhibits from Xia, Shang and Zhou Dynasties to Sui, Tang and Five Dynasties mainly include bronzes, irons, coins, jades and ceramics. The exhibits of the song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties are mainly Fujian, especially the ancient export ceramics of Dehua. The minority exhibits are mainly costumes, utensils and instruments of She nationality and Gaoshan Nationality in Taiwan. The folk customs and religious relics of Nanyang people and Australian Aboriginal people are also very distinctive. There are also precious cultural relics in the collection, such as the ancient map of Taiwan during the reign of Emperor Qianlong. The museum displays three parts: the origin and development of human beings, the origin and development of culture, and Chinese and foreign national cultural relics. The origin and development of human shows a panoramic view of the development route from ape to human, including various stages of ancient human models, the panoramic view of primitive social life, ancient human and animal fossils and so on

The origin and development of culture includes Taiwan Neolithic and Fujian Neolithic impression pottery, as well as oracle bone, bronze, Ming ware, currency, porcelain, calligraphy and painting, weapons, religious goods, sculptures, etc., as well as Quanzhou sea boat model, Fujian ancient porcelain and ancient Islamic stone carvings, and Neolithic unearthed in Southeast Asia The cultural relics of North China, Southwest China, she, Gaoshan, Nanyang, India and Australia are listed in the article. In addition to the school teaching reference and practice, the exhibition is also for all walks of life outside the school to visit. The library has compiled or participated in the compilation and publication of Lin Huixiang's anthropological works, Zheng Chenggong and Gaoshan ethnic group, anthropological research, collection of Baiyue ethnic history, brief history of Gaoshan ethnic group, historical manuscript of She ethnic group, etc.

Development history

The Chinese mainland China Museum of human history is a famous museum of UNESCO (137 museums in China). It is also the only Museum of anthropology in mainland China. The Museum of human history is the hot blog of Xiamen University. In the autumn of 1926, Lu Xun and others held an archaeological exhibition in Xiamen University. The next year, the National College of Xiamen University set up a cultural exhibition center. In 1934, Lin Huixiang, a famous anthropologist, founded the Preparatory Office of the (private) Museum of anthropology. In 1952, he donated more than 1000 pieces (one or several pieces) of cultural relics at home and abroad, which he had collected for a long time, to Xiamen University. In the same year, with the approval of the Ministry of education, the Xiamen University Museum of anthropology was established, and the cultural relics of the original cultural exhibition center were incorporated into the museum.

Wish come true

Many anecdotes of the museum are related to Professor Lin Huixiang, the first curator and famous anthropologist. One of Lin Huixiang's students in that year said in the article, "Tan Kah Kee invested in running a school, and Lin Huixiang invested in running a library, which is respected by people."

Lin Huixiang is a legendary figure. The Xiamen University Museum of humanity was built on the basis of his free donation to his private collection. The precious cultural relics that he collected painstakingly and accompanied him in exile finally found a home in this museum.

As a scholar, Lin Huixiang has made great achievements in cultural anthropology, archaeology, national history, folklore and other fields. He was one of the pioneers of Chinese anthropology. He was the first to scientifically demonstrate the origin of prehistoric ethnic groups and cultures between Taiwan and the mainland, the first to study the ethnic minorities in Taiwan, and the first to explore the prehistoric archaeology of Nanyang and the historical records of Nanyang ethnic groups.

In fact, the establishment of a museum is only the first step of Lin Huixiang's plan for the development of anthropology. In a proposal, he mentioned that when conditions are ripe in the future, an Anthropology Research Institute and a department of anthropology can be set up on the basis of a museum to establish a complete system of departments, institutes and museums.

In 1984, with the approval, Xiamen University established the Department and Institute of Anthropology on the basis of the Museum of human beings, and added the only anthropology major in the mainland at that time, realizing Lin Huixiang's last wish.

In 2006, during the 85th anniversary of Xiamen University, the human Museum of Xiamen University will be renovated and opened to welcome guests. It has been designated as a provincial popular science education base. After the renovation, the library will cover an area of more than 2000 square meters and display thousands of items in its collection.

The bronze statue of Professor Lin Huixiang, the first curator of the Museum of human beings and a famous anthropologist, will be placed in the museum. It was created by a famous sculptor in Shanghai invited by Xiamen University to commemorate this scholar who worked hard for the founding of the Museum of human beings in Xiamen University.

Life of Lin Huixiang

In 1921, Mr. Tan Kah Kee founded Xiamen University. Lin Huixiang abandoned his career and returned to Xiamen to apply for Xiamen University. He first took the preparatory course for one year.

He graduated from the Department of Sociology in 1926 and was the first graduate of Xiamen University

He is the only one who graduated from liberal arts. After one year of teaching in Xiamen University, he went to the Philippines to study. He obtained a master's degree in Anthropology from the University of the Philippines in 1928. From the Philippines.

In 1929, entrusted by the Academia Sinica, Lin Huixiang assumed the name of Lin Shiren. He went to Taiwan under Japanese occupation alone to investigate the Gaoshan people (known as the fan people at that time), search for cultural relics related to the life and culture of the Gaoshan people, and found Neolithic artifacts in Yuanshan, Taipei. During the investigation, he was followed by Japanese police and stayed in Taiwan for only two months. Later, he wrote a book named "primitive culture of Taiwan Fan nationality".

In the autumn of 1931, he returned to his alma mater Xiamen University to serve as professor of the Department of historical sociology.

In 1935, when he was teaching in Xiamen University, he changed his name to Lin Tamo. During the summer vacation, he went to Taiwan's Gaoshan Nationality Area for the second time to investigate. Because he was monitored by the Japanese police, he stayed in Taiwan for only two weeks, and returned to Xiamen University with dozens of Gaoshan Nationality Cultural Relics he had collected. The cultural relics he obtained at the risk of his life are precious materials for the study of Anthropology and the culture of Gaoshan Nationality, and have been valued by all walks of life. His words about songs, dances and music of Gaoshan people are fascinating.

After the Japanese invaders occupied Kinmen in 1937, they took refuge in Nanyang.

In the autumn of 1947, he returned to Xiamen University as a professor of history.

In 1953, Xiamen University established the Museum of human beings as its curator, and later served as the deputy director of Nanyang Research Institute.

In the early hours of February 13, 1958, he died of sudden cerebral hemorrhage. In his 58 year career, he spent 25 years in Xiamen University.

Professor Chen Kongli of Taiwan Research Institute of Xiamen University wrote that Lin Huixiang was the first person to study Taiwan in Xiamen University. Xiamen University has made great progress in the study of Taiwan. In addition to the Taiwan Research Institute, many professors from other departments have also participated in this study, and the pioneer of the study of Taiwan in Xiamen University is Professor Lin Huixiang.

Chen Kongli also said that what is particularly valuable is that "the primitive culture of Taiwan's Fanzu" and some later studies have a distinctive feature, that is, they talk about both the commonality of the two sides of the Taiwan Strait and the particularity of Taiwan. His research results strongly show that "Taiwan Neolithic human should have moved from the southeast of the mainland" and "Taiwan Neolithic culture belongs to the southeast system of the mainland". At the same time, it also emphasizes that Taiwan has its "local characteristics".

Collection free donation

As early as 1934, Lin Huixiang set up the Preparatory Office of the museum to collect, excavate and sort out human specimens such as archaeology and ethnic cultural relics from Southeast China and Southeast Asia, and open them to teachers and students of Xiamen University for teaching reference, as well as for people outside the university to visit.

After the outbreak of the Anti Japanese War, Lin Huixiang took his precious cultural relics and fled to Nanyang for refuge. Lin Huixiang's daughter

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