Rat mountain

Rat mountain

Rat mountain is located in Yancang street, Dinghai District, southwest of yadanshan ferry terminal. The land area is 0.02 square kilometers. Zhoushan corrosion test station of iron and Steel Research Institute of Ministry of metallurgical industry is set up on the island, and the staff of the test station live all the year round.

geographical position

The mouse mountain site is located in Dutou village, Lucheng District, Wenzhou City, Zhejiang Province. The prehistoric human activity site of mouse mountain has been excavated. Through further excavation and research, researchers hope to reveal the living conditions of human beings from 5000 years ago to Shang Dynasty in Wenzhou.

summary

Excavation of mouse mountain site mouse mountain site (provincial cultural relic protection unit) date: Neolithic time: March 16, 2005 mouse mountain site is located in the mouse mountain prehistoric human activity site of Dutou village, Lucheng District, Wenzhou City. Recently, excavation has begun. Cultural relics and Archaeology researchers hope to reveal the human living conditions between 5000 years ago and Shang Dynasty in Wenzhou through further excavation and research. The mouse mountain site was discovered. Archaeologists are investigating the Neolithic pottery site in this area. With the guidance of nearby villagers, they found this black belt, which is about 10 meters long and about 0.20 meters high. It is preliminarily determined that it may be a prehistoric human activity site. The Neolithic accumulation of the mouse mountain site (a provincial cultural relic protection unit) is mainly concentrated in the Hilltop of mouse mountain, covering an area of about 10000 square meters. There are also relics on the hillside. 635 square meters have been excavated in the hilltop hilltop hilltop. In the west of the hilltop is the residential area, and continuous stone foundation building sites have been found. In the southeast is the burial area, 35 tombs have been cleared. The burial objects are mainly pottery, including cauldron, tripod, steamer, pot, bean, pot and stone. A handle shaped ware inlaid with jade pieces symbolizing power and status has also been found. Mouseshan site is the first site with clear cultural accumulation found in Wenzhou area of southern Zhejiang Province. Its cultural connotation is the same as Haochuan site, and it has distinct regional characteristics. It is of great value to further study the characteristics of Neolithic settlement layout and social structure in southern Zhejiang.

Haochuan culture

The late Neolithic pottery "Haochuan culture" unearthed from the mouse mountain site was named by Zhejiang archaeologists after the excavation of Haochuan cemetery in Suichang, upper reaches of Oujiang River, in 1997. The excavation of mouse mountain site established the name of "Haochuan culture", which makes us clearly understand that "Haochuan culture" is mainly located in Oujiang River basin after "Hemudu", "Majiabang" and "Liangzhu" culture A prehistoric culture in the distribution area. After excavation by experts in cultural relics and archaeology, a series of stone column based architectural remains of "Haochuan culture" were found at the mouse mountain site. 35 tombs of "Haochuan culture" and 6 tombs of earth pits in the Tang Dynasty were cleared, and more than 1000 pieces of various cultural relics and a large number of pottery specimens were obtained. Experts point out that mouse mountain site is the first settlement site of Haochuan culture in our city. The site provides a stratigraphic basis for the cultural development sequence and archaeological chronology of the pre Qin period in Wenzhou, southern Zhejiang, and has the significance of "scale". The archaeological excavation of rat mountain lasted more than four months. The excavation covers an area of 635 square meters. The stone architecture remains of Haochuan culture have been found. 35 tombs of Haochuan culture and 6 tombs of Tang Dynasty have been cleared. More than 1000 pieces of stone tools, pottery, porcelain, bronze and a large number of pottery specimens have been obtained.

survey

The jade mouse mountain prehistoric cultural site, covering an area of nearly 10000 square meters, is a large-scale hillock settlement site from the late Neolithic era to the Xia and Shang Dynasties. The top of the mountain is the center of the settlement, and remains are also distributed on the hillside and hillside. Its discovery is a breakthrough in Archaeology of pre Qin sites in Wenzhou, southern Zhejiang Province. According to modern people's point of view, the burial area and the living area should be far apart. It was thought that it had been since ancient times, but it was not. The public burial area excavated in rat mountain is adjacent to the living area. The residential area is in the southwest of Gangding, and the burial area is in the southeast, which is as close as courtyard and house. In this regard, archaeologists speculate that on the one hand, it may be because the ancestors were afraid of nature and thought that the souls of relatives could be protected. It is also believed that burying the dead around can better take care of them. There are dozens of long pit tombs, some of which are like the superposition of several long pits. Those short pit tombs should be children's tombs

. The life of the ancestors in those days was so hard that some people didn't go through childhood because they couldn't stand diseases and bad natural conditions. And those superimposed pits and tombs are caused by people of different periods burying the dead in the same place, which is called "breaking" in archaeology. There are a lot of broken stones on the ground of the adjacent living areas, of different sizes. What are the uses of these stones? According to archaeological experts, they are used to reinforce houses. Due to the strong wind at the top of the mouse hill, if the houses are not reinforced, I am afraid they will be blown away by the wind. For this reason, when the first people built houses, they buried the piles with gravel, surrounded them with stones and then bound them. This is like the process of pile driving when modern people built houses. Because of the backward tools, archaeologists believe that the houses were built according to a simple triangle.

unearthed relic

The relics unearthed from the mouse mountain site are rich in content and rich in accumulation of Haochuan culture. The unearthed relics are mainly pottery and stone tools, as well as a few jades. At the residence of the archaeologists, dozens of pottery have been restored, simple and thick in shape. The excavated pottery is mainly composed of sand mixed pottery, hard pottery and impression hard pottery. Among them, sand mixed pottery is commonly seen in cauldrons and tripods, while the shapes of hard pottery with impression are mainly urn, Zun and can. Many of the outer walls of these pottery are decorated with black glaze. Most of the stone tools are arrowheads and arrowheads. Black pottery, small stone, stone arrowhead constitute the most distinctive cultural features of the mouse mountain site, fully showing the cultural characteristics of gathering and hunting as the main economic form, which has symbolic significance. Among the restored pots, in addition to some common bowls and pots, a pottery named "Zhen" attracted the attention of reporters. I'm afraid the steamer used by modern people comes from it. This is a pot shaped pottery with a handle, no cover, and dozens of small holes at the bottom. To make "Zhen" work, we need a pottery called "kettle", which is a small jar with a big stomach. When you need to steam something, put the "Zhen" on the "kettle", and steam will steam the food through the small hole at the bottom of the "Zhen". Explore the most valuable

I'm afraid it's a round hole jade made of jade. It uses a kind of jade called "Toushan Yangqi stone". At present, it is clear that this kind of jade is produced in Liyang, Jiangsu Province, which is rare in other places. This jade is a symbol of power, which is supposed to be used to decorate the top of the handle. Under the jade, there are round, rectangular, triangular and other different shapes of jade pieces around the handle. Its discovery has greatly improved the connotation, status and value of the mouse mountain site. Archaeologists will use sand to backfill the site. In the future, a site museum will be built there.

Cultural relics protection

Yuguan mouse mountain site is located in Dutou village, Shangshu Township, Lucheng District. More than 1000 pieces of cultural relics were excavated by the Provincial Institute of cultural relics and Archaeology and the Municipal Institute of cultural relics protection and Archaeology in 2002 and 2003. It is confirmed that the site belongs to the ancient settlement site of "Haochuan culture" more than 4000 years ago. In 2005, the provincial government announced the site as the fifth batch of provincial cultural relics protection units. The protection scope of the mouse mountain site is bounded by the existing mountain road, and the north is bounded by the existing path from caowan village to the brick and tile factory. The protection area extends 200 meters outward as the construction control zone. It is initially planned to set up three districts. On the north side of the mouse mountain site is a tourism and leisure area, in which leisure places, clubs, cafes, etc. are planned to be built; on the east side, a museum of ancient customs and scenes is planned to be built

On the south side, it is planned to build high-end residential areas. The top site of rat mountain is best preserved. The southwest of the peak is the residential area of the stone building base, with large scale, exquisite construction, and well arranged; the southeast of the peak is the tomb, which is rectangular, with traces of wooden burial utensils. In a word, the mouse mountain site has prominent characteristics and clear development context, which provides stratigraphy for the establishment of pre Qin cultural development sequence and archaeological chronology in Wenzhou area, southern Zhejiang Province

At the same time, it also provides a wealth of information for the study of the layout characteristics and social structure of Haochuan cultural settlements. Haochuan culture is another prehistoric culture in Zhejiang Province with Oujiang River Basin as the main distribution area. Its discovery and establishment will have a positive impact on the study of the origin of Chinese civilization. The excavation of the rat Mountain Cemetery and the re excavation of lingtougang enrich and deepen our understanding of Haochuan culture, which is a major progress in the study of the development of Haochuan culture. Haochuan cemetery is located in the songyinxi river basin at the north foot of xianxialing, the source of Oujiang River, while rat mountain cemetery is located in the lower reaches of Oujiang River or the intersection of Pujiang River and Oujiang River. Archaeologists believe that the Oujiang River Basin is the main distribution of Haochuan culture District. The study of the origin of Chinese civilization has become an important topic in archaeology. The discovery of Haochuan culture provides rare case data for the study of the origin of Chinese civilization, which has very important academic value and practical significance.

Address: Donghai fishing village, Shengsi County, Zhoushan City, Zhejiang Province

Longitude: 122.451382

Latitude: 30.725686

Chinese PinYin : Lao Shu Shan