Calyx mountain

Huacaishan National Nature Reserve, Sichuan

synonym

Calyx mountain generally refers to Sichuan calyx Mountain National Nature Reserve

Sichuan huacaishan National Nature Reserve is located in Wanyuan City, northeast of Sichuan Province. It is a typical representative area of north subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest ecosystem. Its natural complex has great scientific significance and protection value. The main protected objects are the rare animals and plants and the north subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest ecosystem.

Historical evolution

In July 1996, Wanyuan municipal Party committee and government named huacalyx mountain as a city (county) level nature reserve.

Huacaishan Nature Reserve was named as prefecture level nature reserve in 1997.

Huacaishan Nature Reserve was named provincial nature reserve in 1999.

On April 6, 2007, it was approved as a national nature reserve by the State Council.

geographical environment

position

Sichuan huayushan National Nature Reserve is located in Wanyuan City, northeast of Sichuan Province, at the junction of Sichuan, Shaanxi, Hubei and Chongqing provinces (cities) at the southern foot of Daba Mountain. Its geographical location is 108 ° 00 ′～ 108 ° 27 ′ E and 31 ° 55 ′～ 31 ° 12 ′ n. It is adjacent to Chengkou County of Chongqing in the East, Xuanhan County in the south, Pingchang county and Tongjiang County of Bazhong City in the west, and Zhenba County and Ziyang County of Shaanxi Province in the north.

Geology and geomorphology

Huayushan National Nature Reserve in Sichuan Province has an ancient geological history. Affected by geological structure, the reserve has medium and low mountain landforms, and its northeast edge is the main vein of Daba Mountain. The highest peak of huacalyx mountain is 2380 meters above sea level, and the lowest is located in Jiangjia River dam in the middle section of Baisha River, a tributary of the upper reaches of Houhe River, with an altitude of 780 meters and a relative height difference of 1600 meters. Most of the ridges and peaks are 1700-2200m above sea level. Karst landforms are developed in some areas, and karst gullies, caves, peak clusters and depressions are frequently seen.

climate

Huacalyx Mountain National Nature Reserve in Sichuan province belongs to the north subtropical humid monsoon climate, with obvious mountain three-dimensional climate characteristics. Wanyuan City, where the nature reserve is located, is named after "the source of ten thousand rivers".

hydrology

The rivers in huayushan National Nature Reserve mainly belong to Ren River in Jianghan Basin and Houhe River and its tributary Baisha River in Jialing River system.

Regional scope

Sichuan huacaishan National Nature Reserve covers a total area of 48203.39 hectares, involving 11 townships, including 11600.36 hectares of core area, 12987.79 hectares of buffer area and 23615.24 hectares of experimental area.

Protected objects

The main protected objects of huayushan National Nature Reserve in Sichuan Province are rare animals and plants and their north subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest ecosystem.

Botany

As of 2014, there are 2261 species of vascular plants belonging to 876 genera and 179 families in huajieshan National Nature Reserve, among which Taxus chinensis, Taxus chinensis var. mairei, Davidia involucrata and Davidia involucrata are the first-class national protected plants; and Larix kaempferi, Abies qinlingensis, Torreya grandis, Cyclobalanopsis formosana, Liriodendron chinense, Magnolia officinalis, Lianxiang, linchunmu, Acer negundo, Eucommia ulmoides and Xiangguo are the second-class national protected plants Tree, silver magpie tree, mountain white tree, Zhennan, star anise, Hongdou tree, Qingtan, Jianlan, Chunlan, Huilan, Tianma, etc. In addition, there are many endemic and model species in this area, such as Abies fargesii, Torreya grandis, Cyclobalanopsis formosana, Dendrocalamus bashanensis, Cinnamomum camphora, Actinidia chinensis, etc.

animal

Among the wild resource plants, Fritillaria hupehensis, Chimonanthus praecox, orchids, wild soybeans, and Actinidia deliciosa are all species with high utilization value and in urgent need of protection. As of 2014, 374 species and subspecies of wild vertebrates have been identified, including 64 species of mammals, 196 species of birds, 23 species of amphibians, 27 species of reptiles and 64 species of fish. Among them, leopard, clouded leopard, forest musk deer and Golden Eagle species are the first-class national key protected wildlife; yellow throated mink, water deer, hyena, gazelle, golden cat, great civet, jackal, black bear, macaque, otter, goshawk, kite, red bellied eagle, common buzzard, red falcon, spoon chicken, white crowned pheasant, red bellied pheasant, red bellied pheasant, collar owl, carved owl and yellow footed fish are the second-class national key protected wildlife There are 27 species such as owl and giant salamander.

Development and utilization

scientific research

Sichuan huacaishan National Nature Reserve is located in the heart of Qinling Daba Mountain. It is rich in biological species and primitive ecosystem. Its natural complex has great scientific significance and protection value. The World Wide Fund for nature's ecoregion. 200, China's biodiversity conservation action plan, China's biodiversity Situation Research Report and other important documents have listed the region as the key area, priority and key protection area of China's biodiversity conservation. The main protected objects of huacaishan Nature Reserve in Sichuan Province are the representative north subtropical forest ecosystem, the biodiversity and natural landscape of the north subtropical region.

Tourism information

Huacalyx mountain scenic area is mainly natural landscape, in addition to the cultural and historical landscape. The natural landscape includes mountain scenery, Peak scenery, valley scenery, cave scenery, gas scenery, living scenery, etc. The sinkholes are all over the broad shoulders between the peaks and mountains, with different sizes and shapes. In the main peak "Nantianmen", there is an original temple called "Zushi Temple", in which there is a statue of Xu Shu, also known as "calyx ancestor". It is said that Xu Shu, a famous scholar of the Three Kingdoms, went back to Shuhan in the south, passed by huacalyx mountain and became an immortal here. During the Jiaqing period of the Qing Dynasty, Luo Siju, the governor of Yunnan and Guizhou, rebuilt temples and statues.

Other landscapes include feilongxia, xiudingshan, caojiaxia, yinbazhai, sunziliang, liumianchao, ximenmen, jiguanzhai, Yanzidong, jiumianqian, xuantianguan, Guanmen karst cave, Nantianmen, jiulongchi, changdonghu, Yuquan mountain, yangtiaoyan, xiangwangping, longwangtang, yueliangping, Bijiashan, guanwangding, Yushan misty rain, Yushan morning light, etc.

traffic

Dazhou is the East passage of Sichuan to reach the sea and the transportation hub of the junction of Sichuan, Chongqing, Hubei and Shaanxi. National Highway 210 and 318 run across the country. Datong Chongqing Expressway goes directly to Chongqing, and Datong Shaanxi Expressway is listed in the Tenth Five Year Plan of the Ministry of communications. Dazhou Heshi airport has direct access to Chengdu, Guangzhou, Wuhan, Xi'an, Shenzhen, Beijing, etc. Dazhou is the East passage of Sichuan to reach the sea and the transportation hub of the junction of Sichuan, Chongqing, Hubei and Shaanxi. Qujiang shipping goes directly to Chongqing. There are 31 navigable rivers, including Qujiang River, Zhouhe River, Bahe River, Qianhe River, Houhe River, Zhonghe River, Tiexi River, Qingxi River and Lingang river. A waterway transportation network with the main streams of Qujiang River, Zhouhe River and Bahe River is basically formed, and the drainage basin covers four counties (cities) in the city.

Management measures

Huacaishan Nature Reserve was initiated by non-governmental organizations in 1994, approved by the government in July 1996, approved as a provincial nature reserve in January 1999, and successfully established as a national ecological nature reserve in 2007. Taking the natural environment and natural resources in the reserve as the object, the administration implements the natural protection policy of "comprehensive planning, active protection, scientific management and sustainable utilization", adheres to the protection of the natural ecosystem in the North subtropics as the center, strictly protects the core area, minimizes the interference of human activities on wild animals and the damage to the ecological environment, and makes full use of the protection resources On the premise of protecting, restoring and developing biological resources and not reducing the quality of the environment, we should properly carry out management and utilization and ecotourism, so as to achieve the coordinated development of society, economy and environment, and realize the harmonious coexistence of human and nature.

ecological value

Sichuan huayushan National Nature Reserve is the birthplace and watershed of the two tributaries of the middle and upper reaches of the Yangtze River (Hanjiang River and Jialing River). The stability of its natural ecosystem has a key impact on the ecological security of Jialing River, Jianghan River Basin and even the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River basin. Huacalyx Mountain Nature Reserve in Sichuan Province is rich in species diversity, which is characterized by the intersection of flora and fauna in South and North China, East China and southwest China. In particular, many ancient, relict, endemic, rare and endangered species of animals and plants under state key protection remain in the reserve, which can be called "species refuge".

From the perspective of protecting the representative north subtropical forest ecosystem, biodiversity and natural landscape, it is of great significance for Sichuan huakeshan nature reserve to be upgraded from provincial level to national level. Wanyuan City, where the nature reserve is located, is a typical "old, young, border and poor" area. The establishment of the National Nature Reserve will achieve the goal of promoting prosperity by science and give full play to the role of promoting development by protection.

Address: Wanyuan City, Dazhou City, Sichuan Province

Longitude: 108.185425

Latitude: 32.102674990159

Chinese PinYin : Hua E Shan