Tomb of Zhang Liang

Tomb of Zhang Liang

Zhang Liang (?)? In 185 BC, Zifang was the aristocrat of South Korea (now Yingchuan, Henan Province) in the late Warring States period. Zhang Liangzu comes from the surname Ji and is the Prime Minister of South Korea. After Qin destroyed Han, he killed more than 300 people in his family. Zhang Liang once poured all his wealth to seek revenge for the assassin's assassination of the first emperor of Qin, but failed. Later, he responded to Chen Sheng and Wu Guang's rebellion against Qin and became an important counselor around Liu Bang. In his later years, he disappeared in the mountains and was keen on practicing kung fu. In 185 B.C., Zhang Liang died and was posthumously named Marquis Wencheng.

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There is no doubt about Zhang Liang's life because of Sima Qian's records of the Historian: the family of liuhou. But there are many arguments about where Zhang Liang was buried after his death. There are more than 20 Zhangliang Bigu places, about 100 Zhangliang temples and more than 10 Zhangliang tombs in China! Among them, Liucheng hometown, Lankao County, Qingyan mountain in Zhangjiajie and the eastern foot of Tongbi in Gaoer township of dailunar calendar are the most popular places.

Traffic information

Take No.107 bus at Lankao railway station to people's Hospital, and then transfer to No.2 bus to sanyizhai. Sanyizhai Baiyun Mountain South of a railway underpass bridge that. You can also take a taxi, the cost is about 20 yuan.

Postmortem record

There is no record of Zhang Liang's life history, but his death date is recorded in "historical records · liuhou aristocratic family": he died in the last eight years (185 BC), and his posthumous title is Wencheng marquis Since there is a definite time of death, there should also be a definite place of death. However, it is normal for him to be buried here after his death in Lankao County, Henan Province, where Zhang Liang lived in seclusion due to his illness. Liucheng is Zhang Liang's fiefdom, and it is reasonable for him to be buried near the fiefdom. According to the ancient book mausoleum annals, "the tomb of Han liuhou Zhang Liang is in Qingyan mountain. After getting the official letter of Huangshi, Liang traveled from chisongzi. There are many relics in Tianmen and Qingyan mountains Zhangjiajie Qingyan mountain has beautiful scenery. It is not impossible for Zhang Liang to be buried here after his death. Zhang Liang's tombs all over the world seem to have a reason for their existence.

Cemetery introduction

Zhang Liang's tomb is a historical site in Lankao County. The tomb is located in the south of caoxinzhuang railway station, sanyizhai Township, 6 km west of Lankao County, close to Longhai railway. The tomb is 10 meters high and 100 meters long, with an area of 35000 square meters. Zhang Liang (?)? He was a famous politician in the early Western Han Dynasty. His grandfather and father were hanzhaohou, xuanhuiwang, Xiangwang and huaihuiwang.

After the founding of the people's Republic of China, there are still Zhangliang temple on the side of Zhangliang's tomb. There are three mountain gates, three main halls and four East and West Wing rooms in a quadrangle layout. There are 6 stone tablets inside and outside the temple, 209 cypress trees and 16 poplar trees in the tomb area. During the cultural revolution, temples were demolished and stone tablets were smashed. Three poplar trees were cut down to make tables and chairs. Later, the temple was demolished and a middle school was built in Sanyi. In 1978, when the double line of Longhai railway was built, it occupied another 400 square meters of tomb land in the north of the tomb. 12 cypresses were cut down. Today, there are 197 cypresses and 13 poplars left. According to the investigation of the largest cypress tree ring, the tree age is about 230 years. Now, in order to protect the historical relics of Zhang Liang's tomb, the relevant departments of Lankao County have set up a cultural relics protection team to set up protection signs for the trees in Zhang Liang's tomb area, so that the whole tomb area is well protected.

Qingyan mountain, Hunan Province

Let's first talk about Zhang Liang's tomb at the top of Qingyan mountain in Zhangjiajie, Hunan Province. "Xianshizhi" records: "Zhang Liang, it is said that he traveled from chisongzi. There are tombs in Qingyan mountain, sometimes hidden and sometimes visible. " "Tomb annals" also records: "the tomb of Zhang Liang, the Marquis of the Han Dynasty, is in Qingyan mountain. After getting the official letter of Huangshi, Liang traveled from chisongzi. There are many relics in Tianmen and Qingyan mountains According to local legend, Zhang Liang, in order to avoid the disaster of death, retired after success. He followed the great immortal chisongzi to travel south to Tianmen, Qingyan and other famous mountains and rivers. He did not eat grain, but ate flowers and fruits, and practiced immortality. After Zhang Liang died, empress Lu wanted to find Zhang Liang's graveyard. However, with the imperial edict, hundreds of "Zhang Liang's tombs" were discovered overnight, leaving empress Lu nowhere to start. However, Qiao Taishou of Wuling County secretly reported to empress LV that Zhang Liang was buried in Qingyan mountain, and that Zhang Liang and his master Huang Shigong were buried together. Otherwise, why did he build a "Huangshi village"? After hearing this, empress Lu thought it was reasonable, so she handed down a secret order to order the Empress Dowager Qiao to lead three hundred soldiers, take Mr. Feng Shui, and dress up as a tourist to visit Qingyan mountain. From the collapse of gongs and drums to Huangshi village, and from Longfeng nunnery to shuirao four gates, Qiao and his party found a cemetery under xiangliuyan. The head of the stele was clearly written with four seal characters of "Zhang Liangzhi's tomb". The great joy of premier Qiao immediately ordered the excavation of the tomb. The grave was opened and a Sassafras coffin was placed in the hole. Open the lid of the coffin, suddenly a wisp of fresh air came out from inside and rose to the sky. There are no bones in the coffin, only a suit of clothes! The premier had to report to empress LV truthfully. After hearing this, empress Lu cursed the incompetence of empress Qiao and ordered her to find Zhang Liang's tomb in January. Premier Qiao has no choice but to return to Qingyan mountain. At this time, someone reported: "the tomb of Zhang Liang under xiangliuyan has grown up again!" Qiao Taishou was stunned and rushed to see what had happened. Isn't it! The excavated tombs are really built up again, and grass grows on the head of the tombs! Qiao Tai Shou was eager for success. He pulled out his sword and cut it on the grave. He just listened to "Dang!" With a sound, his hand was numb and his sword was cut off. It turned out to be an iron grave! Three hundred soldiers dug for 3515 days, but they couldn't open it. In a hurry, prefect Qiao ordered the soldiers to cut down firewood and burn it on the grave. In this way, it burned for 3515 days and nights With a loud sound, the grave exploded. The coffin was wrapped in thick smoke. Hula, it rose to the sky and slowly fell on the top of xiangliuyan peak. Then, a round grave grew up. Prefect Qiao urgently ordered the soldiers to climb up and dig. When the soldiers finally reached the top of the mountain, the tomb disappeared again. As soon as the soldiers went down the mountain, the tomb appeared again. The soldiers scrambled to climb up the cliff. But when they climbed to the top of the mountain, the tomb disappeared again! This repeated several times, Qiao Taishou helpless, a buttock sitting in the ground, sighed: "in the end do not know where to bury the bone, but teach who to look on the stage?" Later, a Yin Yang scholar, after repeated investigation, believed that the tomb of Zhang Liang was buried on xiangliuyan, which is surrounded by water around the four gates, and wrote a poem: walking all over the green mountains to find the ancients, the four gates surrounded by water can get a good city; xiangliuyan went up to the old earthen fort, and the tomb of Zhang Liang, the Marquis of the Han Dynasty.

From the above records and legends, it is not difficult to see that the tomb of Zhang Liang in Qingyan mountain is more like a myth. Since ancient times, there is no record that can confirm that Zhang Liang was buried here. Even if there is evidence, it is only said that Zhang Liang's tomb "appears and disappears at times". Even if there is a tomb of Zhang Liang, it is only a tomb of clothes and crowns at best.

Lankao County, Henan Province

Besides, it is located in Zhangliang cemetery, Lankao County, Henan Province. Zhang Liang's tomb in this place is not as divine as Zhang Liang's tomb in Zhangjiajie. It's hidden and visible from time to time. On the south side of caoxinzhuang station in sanyizhai Township, six kilometers southwest of Lankao County, close to Longhai railway, there is such a Zhang Liang's tomb. The tomb is 10 meters high, 100 meters long around, and the area of the reserve is 35000 square meters. Surrounded by ancient cypresses, lush, seems to have a certain origin. There are two local legends about Zhang Liang's tomb here. One is that Zhang liangna was still covered. He left the imperial court to learn Taoism. Liu Bang chased him to Baiyun Mountain, and Zhang Liang lost his whereabouts. Therefore, it seems far fetched for later generations to think that Baiyun Mountain should be Zhang Liang's destination. At the same time, like Zhang Liang's tomb in Zhangjiajie, it is a bit of a myth. Just imagine, with Zhang Liang's prudence, if you see Liu Bang, you have to bow down and dare to run? Not for his own sake, but also for future generations, right? I really want to annoy Liu Bang, but I want to destroy the family. It is said that after Liu Bang's death, the Lu family monopolized the power, and Zhang Liang took care of his illness and lived in seclusion in Baiyun Mountain, southwest of donghun county (now Lankao, Henan Province), where he was buried after his death. This statement is even more inconsistent with historical facts. It is recorded in historical records, and people all over the world know that only Zhang Liang, the founder of the Han Dynasty, died well. Liu Bang trusted him, and empress Lu respected him. After his death, he was not only granted the title of marquis Wencheng, but also his son Zhang Bujue. To say that Baiyun Mountain was once the place of Zhang Liang's Qingxiu is believable. To say that Baiyun Mountain was Zhang Liang's refuge and that he did not dare to return to the fiefdom and bury himself here after his death is sheer nonsense. Therefore, the tomb of Zhang Liang here is probably a tomb built by later generations to commemorate Zhang Liang's stay in the Qing Dynasty.

Zibai mountain, Shaanxi Province

In addition, there is another Zibai mountain in Liuba County, Shaanxi Province. But the "Han Zhang liuhou Temple" was built at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty. It was built by Zhang Lu, his 10th generation grandson and wudoumidiao's teacher, when he was "Zhenmin Zhonglang general (Zhenyi Zhonglang general") leading Hanning Taishou "in Hanzhong. Of course, it can't be true. As for Zhang Liang's tomb at the eastern foot of Tongbi, Gaoer Township, Licheng, daiyin, it is only a cave in which Zhang Liang was said to have stayed.

Weishan County, Shandong Province

As for Zhang Liang's tomb, there is only one left, that is Zhang Liang's tomb in Weishan County, Jining City, Shandong Province, which is located in Weishan island in Weishan Lake.

Li Tai of Tang Dynasty said in his kuodizhi that "the tomb of Zhang Liang of Han Dynasty is 65 Li north of Peixian County in Xuzhou, which is similar to Liucheng." It should be said that this is the earliest document about the tomb of Zhang Liang in the hometown of Liucheng, and it is also recorded in yitongzhi of Ming Dynasty and Tongdian of Tang Dynasty. The distance between Weishan island and Peixian county is similar to that recorded in kuodizhi, and the location is also the same. The tomb of Zhang Liang on Weishan island is round in the bottom. It is made of red and yellow clay and pebbles. The rammed earth has clear layers

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Liang Mu