Xionghe reservoir

Xionghe reservoir

Xionghe reservoir is located 3 kilometers south of xiongji Town, Zaoyang City, Hubei Province. The dam intercepts the mainstream of Xionghe River, a tributary of gunhe River, a tributary of Hanjiang River and Tangbai River, a tributary of the Yangtze River, with a rainfall bearing area of 314.5 square kilometers and a total storage capacity of 245 million cubic meters, of which the effective storage capacity is 116 million cubic meters.

The reservoir was first built in the winter of 1953. At that time, the rain bearing area of the reservoir was 280 square kilometers, the design dam height was 23.4 meters, the total storage capacity was 11 million cubic meters, and the effective storage capacity was 5.61 million cubic meters. The main works were completed in the summer of 1954. Construction continued in the winter of the same year and was completed in the spring of the next year.

The reservoir only has an irrigation area of 105000 mu in Zaoyang (1983). After the completion of Xionghe reservoir, the threat of Xionghe flood to xiongji, Liangji, Juwan and Caiyang areas has been basically controlled.

Xiangyang City also uses the hill lake landscape of Xionghe reservoir to build Xionghe scenic area. Scenic spot scenic spot has been rated as national AAA tourist area, provincial scenic spot, provincial Wetland Park and Xiangyang top ten scenic spots.

Main works

Xionghe reservoir is located 3 kilometers south of xiongji Town, Zaoyang City, Hubei Province. The dam intercepts the mainstream of Xionghe River, a tributary of gunhe River, a tributary of Hanjiang River and Tangbai River, a tributary of the Yangtze River, with a rainfall bearing area of 314.5 square kilometers and a total storage capacity of 245 million cubic meters, of which the effective storage capacity is 116 million cubic meters.

The dam type is homogeneous earth dam, with the maximum dam height of 32.1m, the main dam length of 1373m and the total length of two auxiliary dams of 325m.

Water culvert is divided into East and West, both of which are tunnels dug through mountains. They are round lined with reinforced concrete, with an inner diameter of 2.2 meters. The East culvert is 170 meters long. A circular shaft with an inner diameter of 4 meters and a height of 17 meters is set at the entrance. Two steel plate gates are installed in the shaft, and the discharge flow is 10 cubic meters per second. The West culvert is 77 meters long, with the same facilities as the East culvert, with a flow rate of 20 cubic meters per second.

There is a small hydropower station at the exit with an installed capacity of 2x200 kW.

The spillway is located in badongshanaoli. It is an excavated spillway with a bottom width of 140m and a discharge of 2814m3 / s. The foundation is weathered rock. Another 120 meter wide spillway was excavated in dongshan'ao as an extraordinary spillway. A temporary soil bank with a height of 5 meters was built at the bottom of the spillway. In case of a catastrophic flood, the soil bank would be removed and the discharge would be 3080 m3 / s.

In the reservoir, 9952 mu of farmland was flooded, 4222 houses were relocated and 5000 people were resettled.

The main canal is divided into East and West. Xiangyang County is mainly irrigated by the West trunk canal, and Zaoyang county is mainly irrigated by the East trunk canal and the first branch canal of the West trunk canal. From the head of Donggan canal to Maohe River in Liangji Town, the total length is 28 km, the bottom width is 2.5-4 m, and the water flow is 4-9 m3 / s. There are 7 branch canals with a total length of 21 km. There are 216 large and small buildings, including 5 main buildings, namely gunhe, yanbagang, daoqiaohe, SuZhuang aqueduct and Donggang tunnel. The first branch of the west main canal is from lujiawan in xiongji town to Liugang in Juwan Town, with a total length of 37 km and water flow of 1-3 m3 / s.

Reservoir water system

The main inflow of Xionghe reservoir is Xionghe, a tributary of Hanjiang River, Tangbai River and gunhe river. Xionghe River, known as jueshui in ancient times, is the largest tributary on the South Bank of gunhe River, a tributary of Hanjiang River and Tangbai river. It originates from wulongguan in Dahong mountains, flows northward through CHEHE River, Pinglin River and xiongji River, and flows into gunhe River on the east side of jiangjiahouying in the West of Liangji. It has a total length of 45 km and 14 tributaries. The drainage area is 390 square kilometers. The runoff range is large, the flow rate is 0.2 m3 / s in dry season, and the maximum flow rate can reach 1 540 m3 / s in summer. According to the records of the old county annals, the two floods in May and June of the 32nd year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu in the Qing Dynasty (1906) "were the strange disasters in Wuyi". After the founding of the people's Republic of China, one large and one medium-sized reservoir and more than 10 small reservoirs were built.

Construction and maintenance

Construction process

The reservoir was first built in the winter of 1953. At that time, the rain bearing area of the reservoir was 280 square kilometers, the design dam height was 23.4 meters, the total storage capacity was 11 million cubic meters, and the effective storage capacity was 5.61 million cubic meters. The main works were completed in the summer of 1954. Construction continued in the winter of the same year and was completed in the spring of the next year.

In the winter of 1965, the reservoir was expanded and the dam position was moved down. The rainfall bearing area reached 314.5 square kilometers, the effective storage capacity increased to 116 million cubic meters, and the total storage capacity was 245 million cubic meters, upgrading to a large reservoir. During the construction, 30000 people were employed, including 20000 in Xiangyang County and 10000 in Zaoyang county. By the summer of 1966, the project was completed. The Donggan canal started construction in 1966 and stopped construction until May 1971. The aqueduct across the gunhe river is the largest canal building in the county. It has a total length of 2060m, three spans, a maximum single span of 40m, a maximum pier of 25m, a bottom width of 2m, a height of 1.8m, and a water delivery flow of 7m3/s. The whole project adopts reinforced concrete prefabricated components for hoisting and splicing. The largest component is a 4-meter-long double cantilever trough plate, each weighing 80 tons. The project was completed in May 1970. Due to the small estimation of wind force in the design, the north section of aqueduct was overturned by the strong wind on April 17, 1974, with a total length of 135 meters. It will be repaired in the winter of the same year and completed in May of the next year. The first branch of Xigan canal was started in the winter of 1973. At that time, 5000 workers were employed in Zaoyang County, and water supply was completed in the summer of 1974. After the completion and Impoundment of Xionghe reservoir expansion project, cracks were found on the dam crest of the main channel section, and then gradually developed, with a length of about 700 meters and a maximum width of about 10 cm. In the winter of 1969, 8500 workers from Zaoyang county were reinforced. In April 1976, Zaoyang was responsible for the construction of the crest wave wall (1446m long, 1.55m high, built with mortar block stone) and the widening of the spillway, which lasted until the summer of 1978. From 1980 to 1981, the hydropower station at the outlet of xihanguan was built.

Danger elimination and reinforcement

In order to eliminate the potential safety hazard of Xionghe reservoir, the reinforcement project of Xionghe reservoir was officially started in October 2006. Completed in June 2012. After the completion of the project, it will reach the design and operation standard of once-in-100-year return period, and it can store 14 million cubic meters more water every year. The fundamental diseases and dangers have been treated, and the flood control function has been strengthened, which can better play the role of flood control and security. At the same time with the reinforcement project, there are the irrigation area construction and water-saving reconstruction project. By 2012, the irrigation area will be increased and the water delivery time will be shortened.

Investment and benefit

A total of 14.42 million cubic meters of earth and rock are used for the whole project of the reservoir, 12.34 million standard works and 11.3 million yuan of state investment. In 1983, the irrigated area of Zaoyang was 105000 mu. From 1981 to 1985, the average annual irrigated area was 74000 mu. After the completion of Xionghe reservoir, the threat of Xionghe flood to xiongji, Liangji, Juwan and Caiyang areas has been basically controlled.

Tourism development

At the beginning of the 21st century, Xiangyang City built Xionghe scenic spot by using the landscape of Xionghe reservoir hills and lakes, combining with the forest landscape of YingYuan mountain, yeguogou mountain, yuexigu Valley and Qinglong mountain. The planning area of the scenic spot is 68.42 square kilometers, 15.84 kilometers long from east to west, 9.54 kilometers wide from north to south, 61.43 kilometers long in total perimeter, and 26.79 square kilometers of peripheral protection and control zone. The scenic spot has five scenic spots and one tourist service area, including Qinglongshan scenic spot, yingshuihu (namely Xionghe reservoir) scenic spot, Huaguoshan scenic spot, yeguogou scenic spot and yingyuanshan scenic spot. There are 99 important scenic spots, five resorts and eight ecological agricultural manors. The scenic spot has been rated as national AAA tourist area, provincial scenic spot, provincial Wetland Park and Xiangyang top ten scenic spots.

Address: Zaoyang City, Xiangyang City

Longitude: 112.664553

Latitude: 31.915245

Chinese PinYin : Xiong He Shui Ku