Yijin Academy

Yijin Academy

Yijin Academy was founded in 1331, the second year of the Yuan Dynasty. Gongjiazhuang (Gonggang village, now a county in Hebei Province) should be the cradle of the Academy, and Gong Junqi should be the originator of Yijin Academy. Gongjiazhuang is located fifteen miles west of Bazhou City, on the North Bank of Daqing River.

History of Academies

Academy is the carrier of Chinese traditional culture

Bazhou is rich in natural resources and outstanding in people. Bazhou is located in the hinterland of the central Hebei Plain, with mild climate, vast plains, fertile fields and rich products. Bazhou is located in the center of Yanzhao. It has always been influenced by the traditional culture. It is also an important city in the capital, which is closely related to the capital. It has a convenient communication and unique political and cultural atmosphere. Therefore, it has a simple and elegant folk custom and a large number of talents. "The prosperity of humanity is in the first place in the capital". It has always been the breeding and cultivation of the pillars of the country and academic circles The cradle of elites and social sages. For example, Hao Jing of the Yuan Dynasty, Wang Lin of the Ming Dynasty, and Hao weine of the Qing Dynasty were all important ministers of the state at that time; Gao buying, an educator, and Zhang Caizhen, a translator, were the glory of Bazhou in modern times. Bazhou outstanding children, brilliant in the history, countless. Today's cultural celebrities are just like the stars at midnight.

The reason why there are so many talented people in Bazhou is due to education. It is the result of education that the heroes of Bazhou are trained. There are many forms of ancient education, including official education, private education, and another important form between them Academy. Academy is the product of the combination of official school and private school. It has many functions, such as cultivating talents, inheriting culture, developing people's wisdom, cultivating life and academic research. Academy has a long history of thousands of years, is a unique form of education. The style of study of academies is characterized by emphasizing moral education, advocating academic originality, running schools open to the outside world, respecting teachers and loving students, etc. it is a bright pearl in the history of Chinese education and academic history. It plays an important role in replacing and supplementing the official school, and constitutes a unique cultural climate in Chinese history.

Academies sprouted in the Tang Dynasty, flourished in the song and Yuan Dynasties, and flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the 27th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty, it was replaced by the new school. The school is the continuation and development of the Academy, which makes the ancient education and modern education in China be connected by blood. It can also be said that the new school education has given the "academy" a new life. At this stage, the functions of the academy have a new expansion, from preaching, imparting and solving doubts to a Cultural Palace of academic exchanges and achievements.

"The establishment of academies is no better than that of Yuan Dynasty". Yijin Academy in Bazhou came into being under the general climate of Daxing Academy in Yuan Dynasty. Since then, it has experienced seven hundred years of vicissitudes, and has become the oldest Academy in Hebei Province.

The establishment of Yijin Academy

Tracing back to the history of Bazhou, Yijin Academy was founded in 1331, the second year from Yuan Dynasty to shun Dynasty. Gongjiazhuang (Gonggang village, now a county in Hebei Province) should be the cradle of the Academy, and Gong Junqi should be the originator of Yijin Academy.

Gongjiazhuang is located fifteen miles west of Bazhou City, on the North Bank of Daqing River. In ancient times, it had beautiful scenery and abundant products. The high-lying areas are rich in sorghum, millet, wheat and corn, and the low-lying areas are densely covered with lotus ponds and ponds, with lotus, fish and rice. The people's livelihood is rich, and the folk customs are pure and simple. Gong Junqi was a gentry of his own village. He was a scholar of his time. He once worked in the Marquis Hall of Changping. He didn't devote himself to his official career, but thought that it was his ambition to cultivate talents in his hometown and create talents for the country. He worked hard and planned to build a temple school in a spare place in the village, which was called Xuansheng Temple School.

Xuansheng Temple school covers an area of about five mu, with more than ten houses and couplets. The building is simple and elegant. On the front is a hall for offering sacrifices to sages and sages. On both sides are the Ming Lun hall, the lecture hall and the poetry reciting hall for teaching students. They are all blue bricks and green tiles, and the cornices are raised. On the west side, there is Zunjing Pavilion (Library), and on the east side, there are bath room, dining room, warehouse, etc. The whole courtyard, halls and pavilions are magnificent, the corridor is salty, the layout is neat, solemn and solemn, and there are pine, cypress, locust and willow in it, which is quiet, bright and bright. At that time, temples or academies were built near mountains and rivers, beautiful scenery, elegant and quiet places. It was a kind of fashion, a kind of fashion, in order to create a quiet and elegant atmosphere of study, which had something to do with scholars' pursuit of pure and refined life philosophy.

In the main hall, there are statues of Confucius worshipped, worshipped and worshipped in the new moon. Every morning, the students salute the statue of Confucius, worship the statue of the sage, learn from the book of the sage, and set a good example by the words and deeds of the sage. The strict and solemn liturgy is also a kind of perceptual education, "looking up and reading". Sacrifice is a special form of academy education. In the pious and solemn sacrifice ceremony, the students gradually cultivate their respect and admiration for the sages, and then think about their merits and achievements, so as to guide them to see the wise and think of the same thing, and establish a high and dignified personality model in their thoughts. They follow the way of saints all their lives, advance in morality and self-reliance, so as to achieve glory Huang. The object of academy sacrifice is the example of learning, and its incentive effect on students will affect their life.

Xuansheng Temple School, the predecessor of Yijin academy, was just a collection of students from Gonggang and several nearby villages. After that, the style of writing became more and more popular and the number of students increased, which had a wide influence in Bazhou. After that, the teachers of Temple School improved, celebrities gathered, and students from afar also came. Xuansheng Temple School flourished unprecedentedly. Soon it was named Yijin academy, which became a place for famous scholars in Bazhou to preach and preach, and a cultural holy land for the majority of literati. It is said that Bazhou people have to pass the examination and approval here. It is a place with a lot of books, melodious music, cigarette smoke and rich culture. Gongjiazhuang is famous for a time. Gong Junqi, the founder of the Academy, with his heart of boxing, prospered the education, changed the customs, benefited the countryside and contributed to the country, which is more admired by the people.

At the beginning of the construction of Xuansheng temple, Gong Junqi went to Kyoto to ask Yu Bosheng, a scholar of kuizhang Pavilion, to write for him. Yu Bosheng immediately handed over the task to Hanlin Huang to complete. Huang Zhen highly praised Gong Junqi's righteous deeds of promoting education and running a temple school (Academy). He thought that this was a greater thing than Lu Guojian's building of Pan palace. So he happily wrote the article Xuansheng temple Xueji. This paper only gives a brief account of Gong Junqi's school running process, but has a brief and comprehensive discussion on the significance of academy education. The inscription of this article is kept in the Bazhou Confucian temple, because it can spread to today, so that we can learn the origin of Yijin Academy.

The Yijin academy built by Gong Junqi was once very popular. About two hundred years later, there was no history to study the situation of the Academy, so there was no case here. From the beginning of Ming Dynasty to the beginning of Chinese history, the official schools flourished and the academies fell into silence. During the Zhengde period, the academies revived again. By the middle of Ming Dynasty, the Academy had been banned and destroyed four times. Then, the Academy had experienced many ups and downs. During the prohibition and destruction, "there is no nest on the top, and there is no scale on the deep". The Academy was destroyed by the war everywhere, and the Yijin Academy in Gonggang was not spared. It was during this period that Yijin academy, as a brilliant pearl in the history of Bazhou culture, disappeared. On the former site, Zhenwu temple, ningquan temple and Taoist temple were built. Taoist temples and temples can not resist the storm of time, each has its own history of rise and fall. Jiajing Bingchen Sui CI (1507) rebuilt Zhenwu temple, the inscription said: "this place was originally Yijin academy, its temple experienced a long time, or for the wind and rain place, broken and trampled, abandoned, abandoned, collapsed and decadent", and "internal eunuch Cui Zhang, invited Zhishi officer Gao Ru and so on, like to sacrifice gold and silk to rebuild it", Zhenwu temple was able to "extend the fragrance of the world, the first reputation of the world, forever pass on.". Later, as time went on, the jingshe of Zhenwu temple in gongjiazhuang, the Taoist temple and the Buddhist place of ningquan Temple disappeared in the history. Even so, the memory of Yijin academy has been deeply preserved in the oral tradition of gongjiazhuang people from generation to generation.

The first reconstruction of Yijin Academy

The rise and fall of culture has a great impact on the economic development and political trend, and in the period of social unrest, culture is often controlled by politics and in a subordinate position.

Since its founding, Yijin academy has gone through 700 years. Due to many reasons, such as official ban and destruction, personnel changes, capital failure, natural disasters and so on, Yijin academy has gone to a low ebb several times. Later, it prospered and declined, and then prospered again. The historical evolution of Yijin academy has been lost because of the annihilation of historical materials. Today, people can only grasp its outline and get a glimpse of it.

The two sections of Yijin academy are the two reconstructions in the 16th and 18th centuries.

At the beginning of the Ming Dynasty, the emperor took the cultivation of talents as an important task, and issued a decree to widely build academies. In response to the imperial edict, Qian Zao, a soldier guarding Bazhou, worshipped Chengde's will and devoted himself to creating scholars for the country.

"Qian Zao, a native of Rugao, Jiangsu Province, was a Jinshi. In the first year of Wanli, he served as the Deputy military envoy of Bazhou. He was very skillful and devoted himself to all kinds of people's bows. He planned to build the southeast dike 120 li away from the water. He also built Yijin Academy. He was one of the generations who had studied in the school. On the day of leaving office, the people stayed behind and hung a plaque on the upper floor of the north city. They restored the image of Castanopsis circle and worshipped Lu Kun in Lanzhou. "

At that time, in front of the Dongyue Temple in the northeast corner of Bazhou City, there was an idle library. Because it had been abandoned for many years, it was already a ruin. The courtyard was full of wild grass, and the houses were collapsed. In the first year of Wanli (1573), Qian Zao ordered,

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